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LONDON DIRECTORY 

FOB 

AMERICAN TRAVELLERS 

FOR 1874. 



CONTAINING 

THE FULLEST INFORMATION, IN THE BEST FORM FOR REFER- 
ENCE, RESPECTING ALL THAT IS VALUABLE IN CON- 
NECTION WITH A VISIT TO LONDON. 



im ^ppenbt*. 



CHARLES E. PASCOE, 



3 t 



nsse- 



BOSTON: 
LEE AND SHEPARD, PUBLISHERS. 

NEW YORK: 

LEE, SHEPARD, AND DILLINGHAM. 

1874. 

All rights reserved. 



Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1874, by 

CHARLES EYRE PASCOE, 
In the Offioe of the Librarian of Congress at Washington. 



D* 



b7f 



P3i* 



THE WBRARV, 

or cono ress 



Boston: 
Rand, Avert, & Co., Sterkottpers and Printers. 



CONTENTS. 



PAGE. 

Preface 5 

Introductory Remarks « 

Liverpool. 

Customs 15 

Hotels If 

Trains 15 

London. 

Banking Directory 39 

Cabs 48 

Cab-Fares 51 

Diary of Evente for tho Season : — 

May 2X 

June 23 

July 25 

August 27 

September 29 

Hints to Americans in London 47 

Hotels 30 

Lodgings 35 

Omnibus-Routes 5< 

Paintings, Private Collections 88 

Paintings, Public Exbibitions of 89 

Places and Sights 80 

Places and Sights, Suggestions for Seeing 85 

Postal Arrangements 66 

Postal and Cable Telegraphs 69 

Postal Telegraphs 69 

Races during the Season around London 72 

Restaurants and Dining-Rooms 38 

Steamboats on the Thames 58 

Suburban Resorts 93 

Telegrams, Cable 69 

Theatres 95 

Trains, Metropolitan 59 

Continental 60 

Excursion 65 

London Railway Stations 66 

Tradesmen 41 

United-States Officials 19 

Appendix. 

Introduction 99 

Bank of England 103 

British Museum 107 

Burlington House 1°9 

3 



4 CONTENTS. 

PAGE. 

Buckingham Palace 110 

Christ's Hospital 116 

Clubs 113 

Eton, ''Fourth of June" at 117 

Foundling Hospital 120 

House of Commons 121 

Inns of Court 123 

Royal Literary Fund. 124 

St. Paul's Cathedral 125 

Suburban Resorts 143 

Temple Church .127 

Tower of London 130 

Westminster Abbey 135 

Westminster Hall 137 

Windsor 147 

Cook's Irish and Scotch Toues 153 

Adveetisealents. 



PEEFAOE. 



It has often been matter of surprise to the Editor, in 
common, doubtless, with numbers* of other persons, that the 
ordinary, every-day Guide-Book to London furnishes so 
little information on points really the first essentials to the 
enjoyment of any foreign trip, — the Where, How, and the 
When to do this or that thing in the proper way, and a 
thorough knowledge of which adds so materially to the 
personal comfort of every traveller. The purpose of this 
" London Directory for American Travellers " is to furnish 
a concise, reliable, handy, and cheap "Directory," rather 
than " Guide," which will give the prominent place not to 
the ordinary Guide-Book information, but to such matters 
as these, — Fares,, Arrivals and Departures of Trains, Hotels 
and their Expenses, Private Lodgings and their Cost ; Diary 
of Forthcoming Events, Races, Fetes, &c, during the summer 
months around London ; the whereabouts of Operas, Thea- 
tres, Places of Amusement, their Specialties, and Prices 
of Admission ; Couriers for the European Continent, Where 
and How to be obtained ; Cab-fares, &c. ; and last, not least, 

AN HONORABLE AND CAREFULLY-CONSIDERED GUIDE TO THE 
BEST AND MOST RELIABLE LONDON TRADESMEN, Compiled 

by the Editor himself, without sacrifice of truthfulness or 
self-respect. 

A residence of twelve years in London, and an intimate 
business-acquaintance with that city, a travelling experi- 
ence of some years both in the United States and in 
Europe, and a recognized connection with the Boston 
Press and chief Periodicals of the United States for the 
last four years, will, the undersigned hopes, be evidence of 
his fitness for the task he has undertaken. 

The Editor has compiled such a Directory for visitors to 
London; because, in his experience, it is the city of all 

5 



b PREFACE. 

others suggesting the most difficulties to Americans arriv- 
ing in it for the first time ; first, from its enormous size, and 
the multitude of its streets ; and, next, from the density of 
its population. If a compass were pricked into the map of 
London at Charing Cross, and swept at a radius of twelve 
miles, so as to take in the rural suburbs, which are really, 
and to all intents and purposes, London, a population of 
more than four million souls would be lying within that 
radius. Add to this the fact, that, during the past ten years, 
149,905 houses were built within the metropolis itself, and 
635 miles additional length of streets placed in charge of 
its police, and what wonder if London does present to the 
stranger a " vast territory of brick and mortar," which to 
find one's way about in requires a more than ordinary 
degree of care, and foreknowledge of localities and points 
of interest. 

It is intended to publish this Directory annually, carefully 
revised and corrected to the 1st of April of each year; and 
it is the Editor's hope and intention to make it as thorough 
in every respect as possible. Much of the information it 
contains will be obtained from official sources ; and arrange- 
ments have been entered into for making the " Hotels," 
" Lodgings," " Diary of Forthcoming Events," and " Trade 
Directory " departments, prominent features of the book. 

Owing to the limited time the Editor has had at his dis- 
posal, the correspondence with England that the publica- 
tion of the book necessarily entailed, and the unfortunate 
delay that has sometimes arisen in obtaining the necessary 
information from London, it is feared that " The Directory " 
may be found lacking in much that would otherwise have 
appeared in its pages. For this the Editor has only to 
offer his present apology, and promise, that, in the future, 
every thing shall be done to make the " London Directory 
for American Travellers " as perfect and complete as pos- 
sible. 

Boston, Feb. 11, 1874. 

All communications in reference to this Directory to be addressed, in the 
United States, to Charles E. Pascoe, care of the Publishers; and, in London, 
to the same, Grosvenor Hotel, Pimlico, S.W. 



INTRODUCTION. 



There are two questions, which, of course, enter very 
largely into the calculations of most persons contemplating 
a trip to London, — the question of expense, and that of the 
ocean passage, how best to get over it with the least possi- 
ble amount of personal discomfort ; and it would seem ob- 
viously improper to begin this little book without some sort 
of allusion to both. Now, there are degrees of expense. 
What to one man seems extravagance, to another means but 
a mere matter of every-day expenditure. A visitor to Lon- 
don will find that he can live there cheaper than in almost 
any other city, offering the like attractions, in the world. It 
only requires some knowledge of how to set about doing 
things, and to keep one's self as near as possible within the 
limits of paying out money only for necessaries, and not for 
luxuries. The tourist, in nine cases out of ten, will find 
that it is not the expense of lodging and eating, drinking 
and sight-seeing, that reduces the credit at the bank, but 
the constant laying-out of money for every little article of 
dress or fancy which he or she considers it would be advan- 
tageous to carry back to America. Of course, there are 
people with whom expense is a matter of no consideration 
whatever. They have an unlimited credit at their bankers', 
and can do just as they please, buy what they please, and go 
wherever they please, no matter what the cost ; but this book 
is not written wholly for such persons. It is to be hoped 
that it may somewhere in its pages suggest to some of lim- 
ited means a way by which they can effect an annual change 
in their summer trips, by taking passage across the water to 
new scenes, and to mix with old-country people ; getting 
the full benefit of the great luxury of a sea-voyage to and 
fro, and seeing a great deal of all that is to be seen in one 
of the most marvellous cities of the Old World, and at a cost 
which can scarcely exceed the hotel-bill for a couple of 



8 LONDON DIRECTORY. 

months at fashionable Saratoga. Now, let us see how this 
may be done ; and we will take for our purpose the case of 
some hard-working man of small means, who wants to spend 
a couple of months in visiting London. There is his pas- 
sage-money to begin with : — 

Gold. 

First class, from Boston or New York $80 00 

Expenses on the passage (say) 10 00 

Hotel and cab fares in Liverpool 5 00 

Railroad-fare from Liverpool to London 10 00 

Total 105 00 

For $105 in gold, then, the tourist finds himself in London. 
It will be convenient, perhaps, now, that we should consider, 
for a moment, the question of hotel-expenses, still keeping 
in view that we are dealing with a person who wants to see 
as much as he conveniently can see at as little expense as 
possible. There is a hotel in the Strand, for instance, fre- 
quented by Americans, and kept by one of the most popular 
and attentive of London landlords, Mr. Haxell, at which a 
man may board, and fare well in the English style, for about 
$2.50 (gold) per day. The Royal Exeter Hotel, next door 
to Exeter Hall, offers the following inducements to the trav- 
eller of moderate means : — 

SUITES OF ROOMS. 

s. d. s. d. Gold. 

Drawing-room with bed-room en suite . 8 10 6 say $2 to $2 50 

SERVICE. 

Each person, for the first day ... 16" 35 

Afterwards 10" 25 

Breakfasts 16 2 6 " .35 to 50 

Dinners, from 2 0" from 50 

BED-ROOMS. 

Bed-rooms for one person .... 26" 50 

" for two persons .... 40" 1 00 

These charges, of course, are to be considered irrespective 
of board; but, as intimated above, arrangements can be 
made by which persons may live in the hotel with use of 
coffee-rooms, smoking-room, &c, and most liberal board 
(exclusive of wines), for the sum of ten shillings ($2.50), 
gold, each person, per day. 

As it takes, upon an average, eleven days, we will say, to 
cross from New York or Boston to Liverpool, and another 
eleven days are spent on the return-passage, we have re- 



INTRODUCTION. 9 

maming, out of our two months for vacation, a little over 
five weeks to spend in London. 

Gou>. 

To travelling-expenses to London $105 00 

Add board for five weeks at $2.50 per day 87 50 

$192 50 
Return-expenses to Boston or New York, subject to fifteen per 
cent discount if ticket taken at Boston or New York before 
starting 105 00 

Total .... $297 50 

Or, in round numbers, say $300 in gold. But even this sum 
may be very considerably reduced, if the tourist contents 
himself with " lodgings," and dining from home every day, 
— a manner of living much affected by the very best class of 
Englishmen. Rooms may. be hired in some of the nicest 
parts of London for five dollars per week ; which charge in- 
cludes attendance, &c. Arrangements can also be made for 
taking meals at your lodgings ; and if a little attention be 
paid to the "outlook," i.e., the surroundings of the place, 
at the time of hiring, there is no more comfortable and in- 
expensive manner of living in the world than in cleanly, 
well-furnished London lodgings, with some eminently re- 
spectable, retired gentleman's butler to lc*)k after your per- 
sonal comfort, your breakfasts, and your dinners. Then, 
again, a reduction may be made even upon this system of 
inexpensive living. In many of the streets leading off the 
Strand to the Thames Embankment, such as Norfolk, Salis- 
bury, Northumberland, are houses in which London bar- 
risters and other gentlemen reside, hiring a bed-room at 
about ten shillings a week, and living at their clubs. This 
is by no means uncomfortable, even if you substitute Mr. 
Haxell's Coffee-Room for the more ostentatious but cer- 
tainly less cosey and cheerful club parlor. All this time we 
have been considering chiefly the man of small means, who 
desires to start off with this proposition : " There are my five 
hundred dollars ; and I don't intend to spend one cent more 
in getting to London and back again, seeing everything 
worth seeing whilst I- am there, and living like a gentleman, 
comfortably and respectably, the while." In England it is 
considered by men who do a great deal of travelling, that 
£1 per day .should be made to include all expenses, railroad- 
fares, hotel-bills, and so on. The American tourist would 
do well to bear this in mind. And here is another hint. 
The second-class carriages, on some lines of railroads, are 



10 LONDON DIRECTORY. 

exceedingly neat, comfortable, and cool for summer travel- 
ling; and, by using them on a journey, a very respectable 
sum may be saved in the long-run. 

As to dinners, breakfasts, and so forth, there are so many 
excellent restaurants in London where a man may eat a 
well-served meal at a moderate cost, that it would seem al- 
most invidious to select any one particular restaurant for 
special notice. Blanchard's in Beak Street, off Regent Street, 
Simpson's in the Strand, the Rainbow in Fleet Street, Spiers 
and Pond's at Ludgate Hill and the Victoria Railroad Sta- 
tions, the Criterion in the Haymarket, the Solf erino in Rupert 
Street, in the Haymarket, and the Scotch Stores in Oxford 
Street, are each and all of them excellent places for dining 
in; and it will be found that a dinner maybe had at any one 
of these places, well cooked, served hot and without stint, 
for half a crown, or three shiliings at the outside, which 
sums should be made to include ale, if it is desired. The av- 
erage cost of plain living in London may, we think, be safely 
set down as follows : — 

S. D. 

First-class hotels, such as the Grosvenor Hotel, Pimlico, the 
Buckingham-Palace Hotel, the Westminster, the Charing 
Cross, and the Langham, &c, per day 10 6 

Good second-class hotels, of which there are many, and most 

respectable houses in London, per day 8 

Lodgings 6 

Thus much on the preliminary question of expense. A 
more detailed account of " Hotels " and " Lodgings " will be 
given presently, together with other matters largely enter- 
ing into the question of credit at your banker's. It might be 
as well to state here, perhaps, that, subject to variations in 
the rate of exchange, — 

Gold. 

The English Sovereign equals about $4 S3 

Half-Sovereign ' "' *« 2 42 

Crown " " 1 20 

Half-Crown " " 60 

Florin '* «' 46 

Shilling «... 23 

Sixpence " " 12 

and that persons intending to travel on the European conti- 
nent, after remaining in London for a few days, will find it 
convenient to carry with them a passport, which, in Boston, 
may be procured of Mr. James G. Freeman (firm of W. C. 
Codman & Freeman), 40 Kilby Street ; and, in New York, of 
A. C. Willmarth, 41 Chambers Street. 

The best way of getting over the ocean passage with the 



INTRODUCTION. 11 

least possible amount of personal discomfort is to have im- 
plicit faith in the steamship company of whom you pur- 
chase your ticket. This is the first and foremost essential to 
the enjoyment of your trip across the Atlantic. Every 
thing else, — meat, drink, clothing, outside cabin, inside cab- 
ins, upper berths, lower berths, rolling propensities, pitching 
propensities, speed, and social excellences of commanders, — 
all these things are, and every thing else is, subordinate to 
the one thing, — faith in the steamship company. 

Keeping this well in mind, and that travelling by water' 
is not one whit more dangerous — if any thing, less so — than 
travelling by land, you may then safely engage a state-room 
or berth from any one of the well-known companies whose 
steamships cross the Atlantic ; and may feel pretty confident 
also, "wind and weather permitting," that your ten days at 
sea will be passed, as things go at sea, tolerably comforta- 

The Cunard, Inman, White Star, Guion line, and National 
line of steamers sail to Liverpool, calling at Queenstown. 

The Anchor line and State line of steamers sail to Glas- 
gow, calling at Londonderry. 

The North German Lloyd steamers sail to Bremen, call- 
ing at Southampton. 

The Hamburg American steamers sail to Hamburg, calling 
at Plymouth. 



During the time this book was going through the press, 
some of the steamship companies were altering their rates 
of fare to Liverpool ; and it was found quite impossible, 
under the circumstances, to get at all the information neces- 
sary to complete accuracy in the table of fares. It seems 
that it has been found desirable to effect a reduction in the 
rates by some of the ocean steamships sailing on a' particular 
day. The fares by the steamers of the Cunard line remain 
as heretofore. 

On the following page we give a table of the fares of the 
ocean steamships, as far as it was possible to procure them 
at the time of going to press. 



12 



LONDON DIRECTORY. 



LIST OF THE OCEAN STEAMSHIP COMPANIES, 
AND THEIR FARES. 



From New York or Boston 


Single Tickets. 


Return Tickets. 


1 

JL 

Cur- 
rn'y. 


to London or Liverpool. 


To 

London. 


To 

Liverpool. 


To 

London. 


To 
Liverpool. 




$ 


$ 


$ 


$ 


$ 


$ 


$ 


$ 


$ 


(a) The Cunard Line (gold) 

(b) " Inrnan " " 






)lo0 


80 


10° 


Red 


ucti 


on. 


30 


95 


85 


(1W 
90 


80 


170 


150 


160 


140 


30 


(c) " Anchor " " 


90 


80 


75 


65 


160 


140 


130 




30 


(d) " White Star Line " 


120 


80 


100 


80 


10% 


Red 


ucti 


on. 


30 


(e) " Williams & Guion 

Line " 


90 


80 


75 


65 


160 


140 


130 




30 


(f) " National " " 

(g) " Transatlantic " " 






80 
To 


70 "At 


fav' 
Ha 


erat 
vre. 


es." 


30 


125 


75 


Bre 


st or 




(i) " Hamburg " " 


120 


72 







Not 


quo 


ted. 




36 


(k) " North German Lloyds 

Line (gold) 


120 


72 







Not 


quo 


ted. 




36 


The Philadelphia and Liver- 
pool Line " 

" State Line of Steamers 
New York and Glasgow " 




















85 


65 


80 


60 


150 


110 


140 


100 


30 



(a) Passengers booked direct to Paris. 



(b) 

Cc) 

(d) 
(e) 
(f) 

<g> 

(i) 
(k) 



Paris, Hamburg, Rotterdam, Antwerp, 
Sweden, Norway, Denmark, &c. 

Havre, Hamburg, Antwerp, Gothen- 
burg, Christiania, and Paris. 

Paris and all parts of Europe. 



Paris direct vid Havre. 
Paris vid Cherbourg. 
Paris vid Havre. 



STEAMSHIP SAILINGS. 13 



THE OCEAN STEAMSHIP SAILINGS FROM ENGLAND. 

CTJNARD LINE. 

Tuesday and Saturday for New York, via Queenstown. 
"Wednesday and Thursday for Boston, also via Queenstown. 15, 
17, and 21 guineas. 

In steamers carrying no emigrants, £26 1st Cabin, £18 2d Cabin. 

INMAN LINE. 

Tuesday and Thursday, Liverpool via Queenstown. Fares, 
15, 18, and 20 guineas. 

WHITE STAB LINE. 

Thursday, Liverpool via Queenstown. Fares, £21 and £25. 

NATIONAL LINE. 

"Wednesday, Liverpool via Queenstown. Fares, 12, 15, and 17 
guineas. 

GUION LINE. 

"Wednesday, Liverpool via Queenstown. Fares, 15, 17, and 20 
guineas. 

ANCHOR LINE. 

Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday, Glasgow via Moville. 
Fares, Wednesday steamer, 12 and 14 guineas ; Saturday 
steamer, 13 and 15 guineas. 

ALLAN LINE. 

Tuesday, via Queenstown and Quebec. Thursday, via London- 
derry and Quebec. Fares, to Boston or New York, 16 and 19 
guineas. 

The London offices of these companies are as follows : — 

Cunard Henry Boggs, 6 St. Helen's Place, 

London, E. C. 

Inman Eives and Allen, 61 King William 

Street. 

White Star Line Smalpage, 41 Maddox St., London, 

and 7 East India Avenue, City. 

National Smith, Sundius, & Co., 17 Grace- 
church Street. 

Guion A. S. Petrie & Co., 11 Old Broad St. 

Anchor Henderson Bros., 5 East India Ave. 

Allan Montgomerie and Greenhorne, 17 

Gracechurch Street. 

Philadelphia Steamship Co... G. A. Smith & Co., 23 Change 

Alley, Lombard Street. 



14 LONDON DIRECTORY. 

We would strongly recommend, where a person intends re- 
crossing from England within six months, and by the same 
line of steamers, that a return-ticket be taken before starting, 
for the simple reason that it is more economical, and 
certainly saves unnecessary trouble in securing the return- 
passage ; and, in the case of a passenger going direct to 
London, take the ticket to London, and not to Liverpool 
only. 

Ladies will find that wraps, and plenty of them, are in- 
dispensable necessaries for the passage, and that deck- 
chairs are good things to have, and will add very materially 
to their own comfort, and, occasionally, to other people's. 
Deck-chairs take as good position as babies aboard ship 
for securing introductions. Some people seem to have an 
ingrained belief that a seat at the captain's table is essential 
to their dignity and comfort. It is nothing of the kind. 
One table, in point of feeding, is quite as good as another : 
one man is equally so, provided he be a gentleman in his 
behavior ; and a seat at the captain's table generally means 
a certain amount of discomfort in passing in and out, 
from the fact that the oldest sailors, in some way or an- 
other, generally manage to secure their seats nearest the 
captain ; and these are the most regular in attendance at 
meal-times. 

A hand-bag or small portmanteau is a useful article to 
have in the state-room with you as a receptacle for old 
things — brush, combs, and so forth — on the voyage. 

All hints as to remedies for sea-sickness are practically 
worthless. A person, in such case, must be governed by his 
or her own feelings ; and these wilL usually follow in the 
direction of a very decided inclination to be sick, and to 
lie down. Do both the one and the other, taking care, when 
the paroxysms have passed, to be on deck as much as pos- 
sible. 

There are saloon -stewards, deck - stewards, bedroom- 
stewards, and a stewardess, on all the ocean steamships, to 
attend to the wants of passengers ; and these will generally 
be found equal to any emergency. 

With these remarks on the questions of expense and the 
ocean passage, we will pass to the main points of our book. 



LIYEEPOOL. 



On arriving at Liverpool, there are two things to be done 
forthwith, — to submit your baggage to the inspection of the 
custom-house officers, and to secure a cab. Better to do the 
latter first. And, in engaging your cabman, make a mental 
or other note of his number, so as to keep him to his engage- 
ment ; and bear in mind that it is not in the least necessary 
to bargain with the man, there being an authorized table 
of cab-fares to all the principal hotels and points of the 
city, which the cabman is bound by. The customs ex- 
amination of baggage is not a very tedious or prolonged 
process. All that is necessary is to "declare" verbally to 
'Mhe officer any thing you carry with you liable to duty. No 
protective duties are now levied by the government of the 
United Kingdom on goods imported from abroad : customs 
duties are charged merely for the sake of revenue. The chief 
articles charged with duty, and the sums payable, are, — 

s. d. 

Tea perlb. 6 

Coffee per cwt. 84 

Cocoa per lb. 1 

Sugar per cwt. 6 

Spirits, brandy, Geneva, ram per gall. 10 5 

Spirits, rum from British Colony per gall. 10 2 

Wine containing less than 26 degrees spirits per gall. 1 

Wine containing 26, and less than 42 degrees per gall. 2 6 

Tobacco, unmanufactured per lb. 3 2 

Cigars perlb. 5 

Reprints of English books are liable to confiscation. 

Gentlemen importing cigars into England for their own 
use will not be permitted to pass through the customs more 
than one pound free of duty ; and, although the manufac- 
tured tobacco made in the United States is infinitely prefer- 
able to most that is sold in English towns, it scarcely pays to 
import American tobacco for personal use. 

If you are going to proceed direct on to London, tell 
the cabman to drive to the London and North-western Rail- 
way Station. Every convenience will be found here for 
rest, refreshment, washing, &c. ; and travellers, if time 
permits, will be enabled to make themselves comfortable 
without the necessity and expense of going to a hotel before 
the starting of the train on its six hours' journey to London. 

15 



16 LONDON DIRECTORY. 

LIVERPOOL CAB AND PORTERAGE RATES. 
Cabs. 

For one or more passengers, Is. per mile, and 6d. addi- 
tional for each half, or lesser portion, of a mile. 

By time, 6d. for every fifteen minutes, or lesser portion 
thereof. 

From midnight until 6, a.m., Is. Qd. per mile, and 9c/. for 
each additional half, or lesser portion, of a mile. 

These rates are inclusive of all charges for baggage not 
exceeding two hundred-weight. 



ERRAND, MESSAGE, AND BAGGAGE PORTERS. 

Liverpool porters are licensed by the watch committee 
of the town, and are required to wear badges with numbers 
(which must be visible while plying for hire),- and also a 
distinguishing dress. 

Porters are not permitted to refuse any errand, or to carry 
baggage, whilst on duty. 

The following are the authorized rates for porterage or 
carriage of baggage, or for going any errand : — 

For every hat-box, carpet-bag, or other small package 

landed from any steam-vessel or boat at any of the piers, s. d. 

or taken on board from the pier 1 

If taken half a mile, for every such package 3 

If taken one mile 4 

Every additional half-mile 1 

If only one suck package carried half a mile 6 

For every box, portmanteau, trunk, &c, landed 3 

If taken half a mile, for every package, including land- 
ing 0.6 

If taken one mile " 8 

Every additional half-mile 2 

If two or more men are necessary to carry one package, 
each to be paid on the same scale. 

For every half -hour, or part thereof, a porter is detained 

by persons hiring him 3 

For removing baggage from steamship to custom-house 

depot, per package 6 

♦ 

BIRKENHEAD CAB-FARES. 
6d. for every half-mile, or fraction of half a mile. 



LONDON AND NORTH-WESTERN TRAINS. 17 

LONDON AND NORTH-WESTERN COMPANY'S TRAIN 
SERVICE TO AND FROM LIVERPOOL AND LONDON. 



LIVERPOOL TO LONDON. 


LONDON TO LIVERPOOL. 


Departs. 


Arrives. 


Departs. 


Arrives. 


Lime Street Station. 


Euston Square. 


Euston Square. 


Lime Street Station. 


9.15 A.M. 
11.40 «« 

4.00 P.M. 

5.00 " 
11.00 " 


2.30 P.M. 
5.30 " 
9.15 " 
10.30 " 
4.30 AM. 


9.00 A.M. 
10 00 " 
2.45 P M. 
5.00 " 
9.15 " 


2.45 P.M. 
3.00 " 
7.45 " 
10.00 " 
3.15 A.M. 



Fares: — 1st class, £1 15s.; 2d class, £1 6s.; 3d class, 16s. M. 
The Irish Limited Mail leaves London (Euston Square) for Queenstown 
on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, at 8.25 p.m. 



GREAT WESTERN COMPANY'S TRAIN SERVICE TO AND 
FROM LONDON AND LIVERPOOL, VIA CHESTER. 



LIVERPOOL TO LONDON. 


LONDON TO LIVERPOOL. 


Departs. 


Arrives. 


Arrives. 


Departs. 


Arrives. 


Arrives. 


Liverpool 
Land'g Stage. 


Chester. 


Paddington. 


Paddington. 


Chester. 


Liverpool 
Land'g Stage. 


6 00 A.M. 
8.05 " 
11.20 « 
3.20 p.m. 


7.45 A.M. 
9.10 " 
12.20 " 
4.20 P.M. » 


7.05 p.m. 
4.05 " 
7.10 " 
10.45 " 


7.45 a.m. 
10.00 " 
1.00 " 
3.30 P.M. 


7.25 P.M. 
4.32 " 
8.15 " 
10.15 " 


8.30 P.M. 
5.40 " 
9.25 " 
11.25 " 



LIVERPOOL TO LONDON, AND VICE VERSA, VIA 
DERBY, NOTTINGHAM, AND LEICESTER. 



LIVERPOOL TO LONDON. 


LONDON TO LIVERPOOL. 


Departs. 


Arrives. 


Departs. 


Arrives. 


Liverpool, 
Brunswick Station. 


St. Pancras. 


St. Pancras. 


Liverpool, _ 
Brunswick Station. 


8.15 A.M. 
11.40 " 
1.30 P.M. 
3.30 " 


2.55 P.M. 
6.40 " 
8.55 " 
10.00 " 


10 00 AM. 
11.45 '« 

3.00 P.M. 

5.00 " 


4.30 P.M. 
6.27 k « 

9.31 " 
11.25 " 



18 LONDON DIRECTORY. 

N.B. — The ticket-offices at railway stations are open 
ten minutes before the train starts ; and it would be well, to 
avoid inconvenience and confusion, to be there at least that 
time before the hour appointed for the train's departure. 

Always see that your baggage is properly labelled to its 
destination before being put into the train. Direct the first 
porter you see to attend to this on arrival at the station. 

In event of any altercation with a cabman at the station, 
refer at once to the policeman on duty. 

First-class passengers are allowed 112 pounds baggage 
free ; second-class, 100 pounds. Excess baggage is charged 
at the rate of l%d. per pound. 

Make a point of asking guard of the train (conductor) 
whether it is necessary to change carriages for your destina- 
tion, and where. 

If you travel direct from Liverpool to London, provide 
what refreshment is required before starting. 

In case necessity should arise for remaining in Liverpool 
over night, the principal hotels are as follows : — 

The Liverpool Adelphi Company's Hotel, the London and 
North-western, the Alexandra, the Washington, the Angel, 
the Stork, the Imperial, the George, the Queen's, the Royal, 
the Union. 

For our own part, without making special recommenda- 
tion of any particular hotel, we infinitely prefer, for com- 
fort's sake, for convenience, attention, and all the other 
essentials which tend to promote ease in one's inn, the old- 
fashioned, well-supported commercial houses to the new- 
fashioned joint-stock company hotels in Liverpool. There 
are two hotels immediately fronting the premises of the 
London and North-western Railway, the Queen's and Impe- 
rial, which are exceedingly quiet and well managed, and 
quite worthy the patronage of American, as they have long 
since earned the patronage of English travellers. 



UNITED-STATES CONSULS AT LIVERPOOL. 

CONSUL-GENERAL. 

Lucius Fairchild, 69 Tower Buildings, South-west. 

VICE-CONSUL. 

Richard Paulson, 69 Tower Buildings, South-west. 



LONDON. 



UNITED-STATES OFFICIALS IN LONDON. 



UNITED-STATES MINISTER. 



Gen. Robert C. Schenck, 58 Great Cumberland Place, 
Hyde Park. 



SECRETARY OF LEGATION. 



Benjamin Moran, Esq., 20 Norfolk Terrace, Westbourne 
Grove, and 5 Westminster Chambers, Victoria Street. 



ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 



Col. William H. Chesebrough. Offices, 5 Westminster 
Chambers, Victoria Street, S.W. 



CONSUL-GENERAL. 

Gen. Adam Badeau, Little Boston House, Brentford. 



VICE-CONSUL-GENERAL. 

Joshua Nunn, Esq. Offices, 1 Dunster Court, Mincing Lane, 
E.C. 



UNITED-STATES DESPATCH-AGENT. 

B. F. Stevens, Esq., 17 Henrietta Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 

Office Hours, 11 to 3. 

19 



1874.] 



MAY. 



[31 Days. 



Day of 
M. | W. 



Fasts and Festivals. —Memoranda. 



lFr 
2JS 



t£. jJfeU. anb games. 



M 

Tu 
W 
Th 
Fr 

S 



4tlj itonbag after (Easier 



S gogatton Slunbag. 

M jEogation Day 

Tu Rogation Day 

w 

Th 
Fr 

S 



Rogation Day 

Steasiou gag. Holy Thursday. 



s 

M 

Tu 
W 
Th 
Fr 
S 



imabag after ^scens'ioa. 



24 £ 

25 M 

26 Tu 

27| W 



8&{rit Sttnbag. Queen Victoria born 1819, 

m\}\t Ponbag. Bank Holiday 

Mjit fasbag 



28 
29J 
30 S 



Th 
Fr 



3li£ 



^rimtg ^uabag 



DIARY OF EVENTS. 21 



DIARY OF EVENTS FOR MAY. 

An excellent and very enjoyable way of seeing some- 
thing of the rare beauties of English country scenery is to 
secure a seat on the " box " of one of the admirably ap- 
pointed four-horse coaches, which begin to run from the 
White Horse Cellar, Piccadilly, about the first of this 
month. This season promises to be altogether rich in 
coaching excitement. On and after the 1st, the " Old 
Dorking" starts at 10, driving through the loveliest parts 
of Surrey, and reaching Dorking in time for dinner at — 
excellent of English hostelries — the Red Lion. There is 
an afternoon coach taking the same road, and starting at 
4.15. There are two coaches for Brighton, one for Windsor, 
a Tunbridge Wells and Reigate coach, all starting from the 
same place, and taking some of the very finest scenery in 
England in an enjoyable three or four hours' drive. The fares 
are reasonable, and the enjoyment to be had incalculable. 

On the 1st, the Exhibition of the Royal Academy 
opens at Burlington House, Piccadilly. See " Paintings." 

The British Museum closes for one week from the 1st. 

Queen Victoria's Birthday kept on the 23d. — Grand 
parade of the Household Troops in rear of the Horse 
Guards, St. James's Park, at 10, a.m : Royal Family present. 
See " Buckingham Palace." 

Whitmonday, 25th. — A bank holiday : all banks closed. 
Great holiday at Crystal Palace. 

Annual Festival of Sons of Clergy in St. Paul's 
Cathedral. — Meetings of the religious societies held at 
Exeter Hall, Strand, during the month. 

Cremorne Gardens. — Open for the season. Whit- 
suntide Holidays : the amusements commence at 2. 

North WooLWicn Gardens. — Open for the season. 
Great holiday entertainments. 

Rosherville. — Gardens open. Numerous entertain- 
ments. By boat from Paul's Wharf, near St. Paul's. 

The Grand Flower-Shows at the Royal Horticultural 
Gardens (South Kensington) and Crystal Palace begin 
about this time, and continue through the summer. 

The Concert Season at the Hanover-square Rooms, 
Queen's Concert Rooms, Hanover Square, and St. James's 
Hall; also Saturday-afternoon concerts at Crystal Palace: 
very fashionable. 



1874/ 


] JUNE. [30 Days. 


Day of 




M. 


w. 




1 


M 

Tu 
W 

Th 
Fr 

S 




2 




3 




4 




5 




6 








7 


a 

M 

Tu 
W 
Th 
Fr 

S 


1st £>aabag after Criaitg 


8 




9 




10 




11 




12 




13 








14 
15 


a 

M 

Tu 
W 
Th 
Fr 

S 




16 




17 




18 




19 




20 


Queen's gxassion, 1B3Z 


21 


a 

M 
Tu 

w 

Th 
Fr 

S 


3b Haabag ate &riaitg. Longest day 


22 




23 


at $olja gaptist. Midsummer Day 


24 




25< 




26 




27 








28 


a 

M 

Tu 


4tjj JSaa. a&r ^riaitg. Coronation Day. 


29 
30 


at ^eter apostle aab Utartgr 







DIARY OF EVENTS. 23 



DIARY OF EVENTS FOR JUNE. 

Grand Cricket Match at Lord's Cricket-Ground, St. 
John's Wood. — Marylebone Cricket Club vs. North of Eng- 
land, and Rugeley Great Horse Fair, on the 1st. 

Royal Cornwall Agricultural Show on the 3d and 
4th at St. Austell. — Trains from G. W. Railway Station. 

The Derby Day on the 3d; and the Oaks, or Lady's 
Day,' at Epsom on the 5th. See " Races." 

Fourth of June. — Procession of boats at Eton, and 
grand display of fireworks from Windsor Bridge. See 
" Eton." 

Agricultural Hall, Islington. — Horse Show : Parade 
of Prize Horses, Leaping, &c. : open from^O. 

Ascot Races (Gold-Cup Day) on the 18th. — The 
Prince and Princess of Wales, and other members of the 
Royal Family, proceed on to the course in state. See 
"Races." 

Society of British Artists, Suffolk Street, Pall Mall, 
East. — The Fifty-first Annual Exhibition now open, from 
9 till dusk. 

Hospital Sunday on the 14th. — Special services at 
Westminster Abbey, St. Paul's Cathedral, and all the Lon- 
don churches : select preachers, for which see daily papers. 

Society of French Artists, 168 New Bond Street. — 
The summer exhibition open from 10 till 6. 

Society of Painters in Water Colors, 5 Pall Mall, 
East. — Open from 9 till 7. 

Institute of Painters in Water Colors, 53 Pall 
Mall. — Annual Exhibition open from 9 till dusk. 

New British Institution, 39b Old Bond Street. — On 
view, Pictures and Drawings (British and Foreign). 

French Gallery, 120 Pall Mall. — Twenty-first An- 
nual Exhibition of Pictures, the contributions of Continen- 
tal Artists, open. 

23d, Commencement Day at Cambridge University. 
— Train from Eastern Counties Station, Shoreditch. 

Henley Regatta at Henley on Thames. — The Aquatic 
Fete of the year. The principal public schools and the 
universities compete. 

Oxford and Cambridge Cricket Match at Lord's on 
29th and 30th. 



1874.] 


JULY. [31 Days. 


Day of 




M.i W. 




1 


W 

Th 
Fr 

S 




2 




3 


Dog-Days begin 


4 








5 


M 

Tu 
W 

Th 
Fr 

S 


5tjj Smitbag after Crimtg 


6 




7 




8 




9 




10 




11 


r 






12 


& 
M 
Tu 
W 

Th 
Fr 

S 


6t(j Hunbag after &rinitg 


13 




14 




15 


St. Swithin 


16 




17 




18 










19 


£ 

M 

Tu 

W 

Th 

Fr 

S 


Ztfj Hunfrag after Crinitg 


20 




21 




•)•> 




•>: , » 




24 




25 


St. lames, jostle anb llarigr 


26 


g 
M 

Tu 
W 
Th 
Fr 


Zi\ Sunbag after ftrinitg 


27 




28 


1 


29 




80 




31 









24 



DIARY OF EVENTS. 25 



DIARY OF EVENTS FOR JULY. 

Oxford Commemoration begins in the first week of 
July. — An excellent time for seeing the University en fete. 
Rail from Great Western Station, Paddington. 

Grand Morning Concerts at the Floral Hall, Covent 
Garden, by the singers of the Royal Italian Opera. 

One of the most popular amusements offered to the 
public at the Crystal Palace during the year is the Royal 
Dramatic College Fete, which takes place during this 
month. It is a motley kind of fancy fair, originally con- 
ceived and carried out with unflagging spirit by the princi- 
pal actors and actresses of the metropolitan theatres. The 
entertainment, for the most part, consists of a mosaic of 
dramatic morceaux, culled so as to please all tastes, — from 
the lovers of legitimate drama down to those who care only 
for mere burlesque, followed by a magnificent display of 
fireworks in the Palace Gardens. The fete is held in aid 
of a dramatic charity, and is worthy of all support. Ad- 
mission to the palace and grounds one shilling. Date always 
advertised. 

The Annual Cricket Match between Eton and Har- 
row Schools takes place on the 10th and 11th, and is one of 
the fetes of the London season : Lord's Cricket-Ground. 

The National Rifle Association Prize Meeting 
opens at the camp on Wimbledon Common about the 6th 
instant, and continues for a fortnight. A grand review is 
held on the last Saturday of the meeting. Well worth 
visiting. Train from Waterloo Bridge. 

Season of Opera ends. 

Goodwood Races. — Cup Day on the 30th : Duke of 
Richmond's seat. By rail to Chichester from Victoria. See 
" Races." 

Royal Academy closes on the 31st. 



1874.] AUGUST. [31 Days. 



Day of 
M. | W. 


Fasts and Festivals. — Memoranda. 


1 


S 








2 
3 


M 

Tu 
W 

Th 
Fr 

S 


9ijj Jlunbag after ftriraig 


4 




5 




fi 




7 




8 








9 
10 


£ 

M 

Tu 

W 

Th 

Fr 

S 


lOtlj Stantbag after irhrifg 


1 1 


Dog-Days end 


12 




13 




1 1 




15 






16 


9 
M 
Tu 
W 

Th 
Fr 

S 


lltlj Smrirag after ^rmitg 


17 




18 




19 




20 




21 




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2:) 
24 


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M 
Tu 
W 

Th 
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12t(j Swrtrag after &rimtg 

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25 




26 




27 




28 




29 




30 


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13th ^anbaa after Criattg 


31 









DIARY OF EVENTS. 27 



DIARY OF EVENTS FOR AUGUST. 

The Promenade Concerts at Covent-garden Thea- 
tre generally commence about the end of the month ; and 
every American having the opportunity should not fail to 
be present at one of them. " The London Examiner," allud- 
ing to these pleasant entertainments, says, — 

" Should any lonely Londoner, depressed by semi-deserted 
streets and empty club, be inclined to come to the conclu- 
sion that there is nobody in town, an evening visit to Co- 
vent-garden Theatre will convince him that 'nobody' is ' a 
noun of quantity signifying many, if not signifying much.' 
Mr. Riviere's Promenade Concerts are so crowded as .to 
make their title somewhat unsuitable, although there is 
still ample room on the stage for promenaders. This part 
of the house is prettily adorned with fountains, grottos, and 
waterfalls ; the management understanding, apparently, the 
desirability of pleasing the eye as well as the ear. Nor are 
the other senses neglected. An extensive and well-fur- 
nished buffet evinces a just appreciation of the influence of 
internal bodily comfort on the mind, and invites all comers 
to enter that blissful state ' when body gets its sop, and holds 
its noise, and leaves soul free a little.' The every-day pro- 
grammes consist of waltzes, songs, and selections ; whilst 
Wednesdays are partially devoted to classical music, the 
selection of the first part of the programme being on each 
evening confined to the works of one of the great masters. 
Some of the first artists appear at these concerts, which 
receive a wide and enthusiastic patronage. Admission, Is. 

Bank and General Holiday on the 3d. 

Parliament is prorogued about the 12th. Ceremony 
interesting. Application to a peer will secure admission. 

A Base-Ball Match at Lord's Cricket-Ground, St. John's 
Wood, between two American clubs, takes place about the 
first week of this month. Cricket-matches between English 
and American " Elevens " to follow. 

Napoleonic Fete at Chiseihurst on the 15th. By rail 
from Victoria Station. Opportunity for seein* the mauso- 
leum of Napoleon III. 

Great Cricket Week at Canterbury. Commences on 
1st. National Artillery Association on 10th. Cowes 
Royal Yacht Club Regatta about the 12th. British 
Association Meeting at Belfast on 12th. Birmingham 
Musical Festival, 27th. 



1874/ 


SEPTEMBER. [30 Days. 


Day of 




M. 


w. 




1 


Tu 
W 
Th 
Fr 

S 




2 




3 




4 




f» 








6 

7 


% 

M 

Tu 

W 

Th 

Fr 

S 


14tjj imubag after ®riuitg 


8 




9 




10 




11 




1--> 


First Day of Jewish Year 5635 






13 

14 


9 

M 

Tu 

W 

Th 

Fr 

S 


15t(j Simbag after Crimtg 


15 




h; 




17 




18 


Ember Dav 


19 


Ember Day .. .. 






20 


M 

Tu 
W 

Th 
Fr 

S 


lGtlj Hmtbag after ®riraig 


21 


St. prttfetfo. 


22 




23 




24 




2f> 




■?f> 








9,1 


9 
M 
Tu 
W 


171b imttbag after irinitg 


28 




ft 9 


St. iftitjjael. Michaelmas Day 


30 









DIARY OF EVENTS. 29 



DIARY OF EVENTS FOR SEPTEMBER. 

British Museum closes for a week from the 1st. 

Excursion Trains every day to the seaside, and places 
of interest in the provinces. See daily papers. 

Doncaster Races on the 16th, St. Leger Day. 

Barnet Great Cattle Fair on 3d, 4th, and 5th. See 
daily papers for trains. A short distance out of London. 

Manchester and Liverpool Agricultural Show at 
Stalybridge, about 5th. 

Social-Science Congress at Glasgow, about end of the 
month. Special train service, for which see daily papers. 

Warwickshire Agricultural Show at Knowle, one 
of the prettiest parts of the county of Warwick. 

Festival of the Three Choirs. The attention of 
American lovers of sacred music is especially directed to 
this annual musical festival, which is held in one of the 
cathedral cities in the west of England (see daily papers), 
and attracts visitors from all parts of the United Kingdom. 
The chief singers are selected from the more noted of the 
artistes of the two houses of Italian Opera, the chorus com- 
prising the choirs of the cathedrals. 

London comparatively empty during the whole of this 
month, and most of the theatres and places of amusement 
closed. 



The Editor desires here to direct special attention to the very- 
great advantages offered to travellers by the different railway 
companies of the United Kingdom, in their admirable system of 
Tourist Tickets. He would impress upon Americans the desira- 
bility of selecting this month, if possible, for their English tours ; 
and in every case, before purchasing a ticket on a line of railroad, 
it will be found useful to consult the monthly tourist arrange- 
ments of the company. These' will oftentimes suggest an eco- 
nomical and pleasant plan for seeing a great deal of rural Eng- 
land, outside of the beaten track of ordinary travel. 



30 LONDON DIRECTORY. 



HOTELS. 



To our thinking, the best way of getting along in London 
is to breakfast in your hotel, and occasionally to dine out ; 
unless, of course, where ladies are concerned, when it be- 
comes almost necessary to dine in the hotel ; and under such 
circumstances, always, if possible, order your dinner in the 
morning, before going out, for about six o'clock, when the 
best joint is generally on the table. 

As regards the mere lodging, it matters little where you 
go to in London : the prices average the same, north, south, 
east, and west. But there are many excellent old-fashioned 
family houses off St. James Street, that, for bachelors at 
least, are preferable to your modern joint-stock company's 
Anglo-American hotel. It were, perhaps, invidious to make 
distinction as regards these modern " big " hotels of Lon- 
don : but, if there are points of difference, they would be, 
possibly, in favor of the Grosvenor Hotel, which is situated 
in one of the very best districts of West-End London, Pim- 
lico ; is admirably managed by one of the most experienced, 
courteous, and kindly of London hotel-proprietors ; is quiet, 
and yet within a few minutes' walk of one of the busiest 
and most fashionable of London thoroughfares ; and where 
the service is good, the cooking equally so, and the wines, 
&c, excellent. But, really to enjoy what may be termed the 
thorough English hotel-life, one must mostly seek for it out- 
side of huge London ; and, to tell the truth, your American, 
unless of compulsion, does not go abroad to enjoy what he 
may have at home. 

The expenses at London hotels average as follows, — for 
one person, room, three shillings and sixpence per night, with 
one shilling and sixpence attendance; breakfast, plain, 
consisting of eggs, and such cold meat as may be upon the 
side-table, two shillings ; lunch about the same ; dinner 
off the joint, with vegetable and cheese, two shillings and 
sixpence. Thus your daily expenses in a London hotel, feed- 
ing off fare, which, though plain, is probably the whole- 
somest in the long-run, are, as has been intimated elsewhere, 
ten or eleven shillings and sixpence, or about two dollars 
and a half in gold, exclusive entirely of beer or wine. 

There are few of the old style of inns — taverns, perhaps, 
it would be more correct to term them — existing in London 
at the present day. The hotel-system of the English me- 



HOTELS. 31 

tropolis, although it has not attained the vast development 
which has been the case in America, yet follows close upon 
it. The Grosvenor, the Buckingham Palace, the Westmin- 
ster Palace, the Langham, the Charing Cross hotels, are all 
imitations of American hotels. You have all the vastness, 
without those reedeming qualities common to American 
hotels, which make you feel disposed, in their case, to sacri- 
fice comfort at the cost of more needful requirements. The 
rooms are pretty much the same with both ; a bachelor in 
this respect certainly faring better in the London hotel. 
The living in the latter is ordinarily not quite up to the 
mark ; that is to say, where you content yourself with the 
simple every-day bill of fare. The waiting in most London 
hotels is infinitely better than in America, and there is far 
more privacy in your London hotel than that which obtains 
in most American houses. "Loafers" are unheard of; 
transient dinners are not altogether welcome ; and each party 
has a separate table to itself. Tables d'hote are, upon the 
whole, discountenanced ; but, when they do exist, the British 
table d'hote dinner offers nothing at all like the variety of 
food of the American hotels ; while the charge is as much, or 
more. London, with a little training, and a little borrowing 
of master-minds, might possibly succeed in producing once, 
in a way, such a dinner as you may have any day at five 
o'clock at the Windsor or New- York Hotels, in New York ; but 
the true idea of the thoroughly good American hotel dinner 
would take at least a century to mature in England. People 
mostly dine late in London ; and if you desire to keep your 
hotel-bill within limits, and at the same time dine comfort- 
ably, you should always be posted on the times "the joints" 
arrive in the "coffee-room" (dining-rooms are generally cof- 
fee-rooms in London hotels), otherwise you will have to fall 
back upon the fag-end of a leg of mutton, with the alterna- 
tive of a costly dish or two of badly-cooked entries. A 
spade is a spade in London hotels ; and, if you order for 
breakfast a steak, you get a steak to the tune of a good 
honest pound and a half. Variety is not to be had but here 
and there, we are sorry to say, except at extravagant cost. 



32 LONDON DIRECTORY. 



LONDON HOTELS RECOMMENDED TO AMERICANS. 

* The Alexandra Hotel, Hyde Park. — An excellent 

hotel for ladies and families. 
The Albemarle, Albemarle Street, Piccadilly. 

* The Buckingham Palace Hotel. — Fashionable and 

quiet for families and gentlemen. 
The British Hotel, Cockspur Street. — Very good indeed. 

* The Charing Cross Hotel, adjoining the South-Eastern 

Railway Station. — Especially convenient for travellers 
to the Continent. 
The Clarendon, New Bond Street. — Somewhat expensive. 

* The Grosvenor Hotel, Victoria Station. — Very good 

for families and gentlemen. Adjoining London, 
Chatham, and Dover Railway for Paris. Very con- 
venient to the parks, places of amusement, &c. 

* The Golden Cross, Charing Cross. — Very quiet and 

respectable. 

* The Great Northern Hotel, King's Cross. — Very 

convenient for travellers to Scotland and the north of 
England. 

.* The Great Western Hotel, Paddington. — Very com- 
fortable, and convenient for travellers to Leamington, 
Warwick, Oxford, &c. 

Haxell's Exeter Hall Hotel, Strand. — Excellent and 
moderate. 

* The London and North-Western Hotel, Euston 

Square. — Very convenient for travellers for Liverpool, 
&c. 

* The Langham Hotel, Regent Street. — Much frequented 

by Americans. 
Morley's Hotel, Charing Cross. — A good old-fashioned 

house, economical and convenient. 
The Queen's Hotel, Cork and Clifford Streets, adjoining 

Piccadilly. — An excellent family hotel, quiet, and 

well managed. 
The Queen's Hotel, St. Martins-le-Grand, City. — Very 

good, economical, and quiet. 
Radley's, 10 New Bridge Street, Blackfriars. — Economical 

and quiet. 
The Tavistock, Covent Garden. — For gentlemen only, 

* A general tariff of prices has been adopted at all these large hotels. 



HOTELS RECOMMENDED TO AMERICANS. 33 

most excellent, an old-fashioned house, and eminently 
respectable. 

* The Terminus Hotel, London Bridge. — Very good, and 

managed by an attentive and obliging landlord. 

* The Westminster Palace Hotel. — Very good for 

families and gentlemen ; convenient to the theatres, 
&c. 

* The New Midland Hotel, St. Pancras Station. — Very 

good. Convenient to underground rail for the city. 

* The Inns of Court Hotel, High Holborn. 

The United Hotel, Charles Street, Haymarket. — Ex- 
cellent and convenient. 
To those who wish to be moderate in their expenses, 
we would call attention to the following excellent hotels : — 
The Bath Hotel, Piccadilly. — Very quiet, and economical 

for families. 
The Bridge House Hotel, London Bridge. — Economical, 

and well managed. 
The Castle and Falcon, St. Martins-le-Grand. — Very 

good indeed. 
De.Keyser's Hotel, Blackfriars. — Highly recommended, 

well managed, and economical. 
Fumiral's Inn Hotel, Holborn. — An exceedingly quiet 

and respectable house. Convenient to the city. 
The Norfolk Hotel, Norfolk Street, Strand. 
Anderton's Hotel, Fleet Street. 

Hatchett's Hotel, Piccadilly. — Excellent and moderate. 
The Somerset Hotel, near King's College, Strand. — 

Moderate. 

* A general tariff of prices has teen adopted at all these large hotels. 
3 



34 LONDON DIRECTORY. 

ENGLISH HOTELS, NOT INCLUDED IN THE FORE- 
GOING, PATRONIZED BY AMERICANS. 

LONDON. 

American Pension. — 7 Montague Street, W.C. 

Berners Hotel. — Berners Street, W. 

Brunswick House Hotel. — Hanover Square. 

Brunswick Hotel. — Jermyn Street, S.W. 

Caledonian Hotel. — Robert Street, Adelphi Terrace. 

Claridge's Hotel. — Brook Street, W. 

Craven Hotel. — Craven Street, Strand. 

Craufurd's Hotel. — 40 Sackville Street, W. 

Crystal Palace Royal Hotel. — Opposite the Crystal Palace. 

Fenton's Hotel. — St. James's Street, Piccadilly. 

Fischer's Hotel. — 11 Clifford Street, W. 

Ford's Hotel. — Manchester Street, W. 

Variant's Hotel.— 1G Suffolk Street, Pall Mall. 

Langford's Pension. — 28 Bedford Place, W.C. 

Lewington's Pension. — 12 Manchester Street, Manchester 

Square. 
Long's Hotel. — Bond Street. 

M. A. Child, Osnaburgh House. — Osnaburgh Place, N.W. 
Mr. Burr's. — 10, 11, and 12 Queen Square, W.C. 
Mrs. Charter. — 1 Montpelier Square, South Kensington, 

S.W. 
Mrs. Davies'. — 22 Endsleis:h Street, Tavistock Square, 

W.C. 
Mrs. Evans'. — 5 Fitzroy Square, W.C. 
Mrs. Jupp. — 14 Bedford Place, W.C. 
Mrs. Lloyd. —34 Woburn Place, W.C. 
Mr. A. Nodskow. — 56 Torrington Square, W.C. 
Mrs. Sampson's Private Hotel. — 24 Norfolk Street, Strand, 

W.C. 
Mrs. S. Taylor. — 51 Weymouth Street, W. 
Mrs. Watson. — 51 New Bond Street, W. 
Mrs. Weddle. — 8 Montague Place, Russell Square, W.C. 
Mrs. Wood's. — 22 Upper Woburn Place, W.C. 
Mrs. Wright. — 15 Upper Woburn Place, Tavistock Square, 

W.C. 
Queen's Hotel. — Near the Crystal Palace, Upp Norwood. 
Silvester's. —7 Bedford Place, W.C. 
St. James's Hotel. — Piccadiiiy. 



LODGINGS IN LONDON. 35 

Symond's Hotel. — 31 Lower Brook Street, Grosvenor 

Square. 
West's Private Hotel. —90 and 91 Guilford Street, W.C. 
Brighton. — The Royal Albion Hotel, David Lawrence, 

proprietor. Bedford Hotel, John Park, manager. 
Dublin. — Gresham Hotel. Shelbourne Hotel. 
Belfast. — Imperial Hotel. 
Birmingham. — Great Western Hotel. 
Southampton. — South- Western Hotel. 
Plymouth. — Duke of Cornwall. 



LODGINGS IN LONDON. 

There must be a number of persons visiting London 
every year — a number which will inevitably increase in 
proportion as the facilities for crossing the Atlantic become 
greater — who go there mainly to transact business, but with 
the intention, nevertheless, of seeing as much of London as 
is to be seen in such spare time as they may have at their 
disposal. To many such persons, expense becomes a matter 
of some consideration ; and it sometimes becomes necessary 
to count the chances of both ends meeting, where busi- 
ness, hotels, and pleasure combine to draw pretty freely 
upon the letter of credit in a city among strangers. Now, 
there is no more economical or pieasanter way of living in 
London than in lodgings, especially where ladies are con- 
cerned ; but in the selection of them it behooves the Ameri- 
can citizen, as well as every one else, to be wary. There are 
lodgings and lodgings, landladies and landladies ; and some 
parts of London are more desirable for living in than others. 
For the bachelor who wants comfortable quarters at a mod- 
erate rent, say from two dollars to five, gold, a week, no dis- 
trict could possibly be better than the Strand. In nearly all 
the streets running at right angles due south from the Strand 
— such as Northumberland, Salisbury, Norfolk, and Adelphi 
Streets — are to be found excellent and comfortable lodging- 
houses. In most of these, single rooms may be had, with 
attendance, for about 12s. Qd. (three to four dollars) per 
week, with the option of taking breakfast at home. Dining 
at home, except under special agreement, is not permissible ; 
neither is it altogether desirable, seeing that the very best 
dinners are to be had at Simpson's, the Rainbow, or Haxell's. 



36 



LONDON DIRECTORY. 



hard by, at very moderate cost, with facilities for smoking, 
reading, and conversation, not to be had in a private house. 
On entering into any agreement for renting a room or rooms, 
it is usual to hire by the week, and to stipify at the time of 
hiring what are the requirements in regard to meals, &c. 
Rents for lodgings in London vary very much, according 
to localities. The following are the best, and may be relied 
upon as respectable : — 

REGENT-STREET DISTRICT. 



Conduit Street. 

Maddox Street. 

Hanover Street. 

New Burlington Street. 

Princes St., Hanover Square 

PICCADILLY DISTRICT 

Jermyn Street, St., James. 

Ryder Street.* 

Duke Street.* 

Bury Street.* 

Mount St., Berkeley Square. 

Half Moon Street. 

Bond Street, streets west of 

OXFORD-STREET DISTRICT, 

Margaret Street. 

Duke Street, Portland Place. 

Orchard Street. 

Baker Street. 



Rents for two rooms, with 
cooking and attendance, 
vary in this locality from 
3 guineas to 1 guinea per 
week. 



1 Rents same as above for two 
rooms, &c. 
* Principally for bachelors' 
single rooms, which may 
be rented at from £1 10 to 
£1 per week, or less, inclu- 
sive of breakfast. 
w. 



Rents from 2 guineas to 
li guineas for two rooms, 



&c. 



Bryanston St., Portland Sq. 
Welbeck St., Cavendish Sq. 
Davies St., Berkeley Square. _ 

OXFORD-STREET DISTRICT, E. 

Bloomsbury Street. ~) In nearly all the streets adja- 

Woburn Place. cent to Russell and Bedford 

Russell Sq., streets adjoining i- Squares,lodgings maybe had 
Gower Street, and streets ad- 1 at very reasonable rents for 
joining. J £1 10 to £1 for 2 rooms, &c. 

STRAND DISTRICT. 

Northumberl'd St., Charing 

Cross. 
Craven Street. 
Adam Street. 
Cecil Street. 
Villiers Street. 
Norfolk Street* 
Arundel Street.* 



Principally for bachelors, 
though there are some ex- 
cellent private hotels on 
the streets marked.* Rents 
about £1 10 for two rooms, 
&c. 



LODGINGS IN LONDON. 37 

PIMLICO DISTRICT. 



Rents from £1 10 to £1 

per week 

for two rooms, &c. 



Ebury Street. 
Eccleston Street. 
Buckingham Palace Road. 
Gloucester Street. 
Coleshill St., Eaton Square. 
Westbourne Terrace, Eat'n Sq. 
Cadogan Place, Sloane Street. _ 

EDGWARE-ROAD DISTRICT. 

Oxford Terrace. \ Both excellent localities, and 

Cambridge Terrace. ) rents very reasonable. 

It must be borne in mind that these prices should include 
cooking as required, attendance, and boot-cleaning. Ladies 
and families will find excellent suites of apartments in 
Ebury Street, and streets out of Eaton Square, Pimlico ; Con- 
duit Street, Hanover, and Princes Streets, in Regent Street, 
in Baker Street, Oxford Street, and in some of the best 
streets about Russell, Bedford, and Manchester Squares. 
Nearly all lodging-house keepers display a card, — not too 
conspicuously, the best class, — notifying the fact of rooms 
being to let. At the time of hiring, say explicitly whether 
you dine at home or not. It is certainly advisable for ladies 
to arrange to do so, as there is something of home-comfort 
in the fashion. Dine late, if possible, and arrange with the 
landlady that you will order in every thing for yourself. 
Civil, obliging, and reliable tradespeople are to be met with 
everywhere in London, who will call for orders every day 
without charge, thus saving the trouble of going to market. 
Always make this stipulation in ordering provisions, &c. 
Bills are always paid weekly ; and a week's notice is usual 
before vacating rooms, except otherwise agreed upon. 

The best class of apartments to be had in London are 
those in private houses, let by persons of respectability, gen- 
erally for the season only ; i.e., from April to August. In 
the windows of these houses you will probably not see 
" Apartments to Let." A list of such apartments is to be 
found, however, at the nearest house-agent (inquire of any 
tradesman), who gives cards to view, and states terms. An 
advertisement in " The Times " for such rooms, stating that 
" no lodging-house keeper need apply," will often open to the 
stranger the doors of very respectable families, where he 
will get all the quiet and comfort of a home, so difficult to 
be found in the noisy, and often extortionate, professed lodg- 
ing-house. Furnished houses for families also can always 
be obtained at the West End. 



38 LONDON DIRECTORY. 

RESTAURANTS AND DINING-ROOMS RECOMMENDED. 

FOR GENTLEMEN. 

The Albion, near Drury Lane Theatre. — Highly rec- 
ommended. 

Blanchard's Restaurant, Beak Street, Regent Street. 
— Highly recommended. 

The Burlington, Regent Street. — Highly recom- 
mended. 

The Cock, 201 Fleet Street. — An old-fashioned tavern. 

The Cheshire Cheese, Fleet Street. — An old-fash- 
ioned tavern. 

Fisher's Restaurant, Victoria Station. — Very good. 

Pimms, 3, 4, and 5 Poultry. — Excellent. 

Simpsons, Strand. — Excellent. 

Spiers and Pond's, Ludgate Hill, and Victoria Rail- 
way Stations. — Excellent. 

Spiers and Pond's Criterion. — Excellent. 

The Solferino, Rupert Street, Haymarket. — Excellent 
for French dinners. 

The Salutation Tavern, Newgate Street. — Very good. 

The Somerset Hotel, near King's College, Strand. — 
Very good. 

The Scotch Stores, Oxford Street, close to Regent 
Circus. — Very good. 

FOR LADIES. 

The Albion, Picadilly. — Quiet and economical. 
The Burlington, Regent Street. — Very good. 
The St. James's Hall, Regent Street. — Very good. 
Verrey's, in Regent Street. — Excellent. 
And in the coffee-rooms of all the best hotels. 



AMERICAN BANKERS IN LONDON. 39 

BANKING DIRECTORY. 

AMERICAN BANKERS IN LONDON. 

Baring Brothers & Co., 8 Bishopsgate Street, E.C. 
Blake Brothers & Co. of Boston. 
Brown, Shipley, & Co., 5 Lothbury, E.C. 
Clews, Habicht, & Co., 13 Old Broad Street, E.C. 
McCulloch & Co., 41 Lombard Street, E.C. 
Morgan, J. S. & Co., 22 Old Broad Street, E.C. 
Morton, Rose, & Co., Bartholomew House, E.C. 
Petrie, A. S. & Co., 11 Old Broad Street, E.C. 
Seligman Brothers, 3 Angel Court, E.C. 



LONDON JOINT-STOCK BANKS TRANSACTING BUSI- 
NESS WITH AMERICAN HOUSES. 

Bank of British North America. — 124 Bishopsgate 
Street Within. 

City Bank. — Manager, Alfred George Kennedy, 5 
Threadneedle Street ; 34 Old Bond Street ; 25 Ludgate Hill ; 
159 Tottenham Court Road. 

Consolidated Bank. — 52 Threadneedle Street; Char- 
ing Cross Branch, 450 West Strand. 

Glyn Mills, Currie, & Co., 67 Lombard Street. 

London and County Banking Company. — Joint General 
Managers, William McKewan and Whitbread Tomson, 21 
Lombard Street; 21 Hanover Square; 3 Albert Gate; 55 
Barbican ; 19 Islington High Street; 112 Aldersgate Street; 
6 Berkeley Place, Edgware Road; 441 Oxford Street; 34 
Borough High Street; 67 Kensington High Street; 181 
Shoreditch High Street; 74Westbourne Grove; Henrietta 
Street, Covent Garden; 165 Westminster Bridge Road; 
DeptfoVd Broadway; Stratford Broadway; 324 High Hol- 
born; 1 Amhurst Road, Hackney; 1 Providence Place, 
Commercial Road, E. ; 18 Newington Butts ; 3 Victoria 
Street, Westminster ; 193 Caledonian Road ; Barnet ; 
Blackheath ; Greenwich ; Hammersmith ; and Woolwich. 

London Joint-Stock Bank. — General Manager, Wil- 
liam Frederick Narraway, 5 Princes Street, Bank ; 124 
Chancery Lane ; St. John Street, Smithfield ; 69 Pall Mall ; 
28 Borough High Street ; 9 Craven Road, W. ; Metropolitan 
Cattle Market ; and Cattle Market, Deptford. 



40 LONDON DIRECTORY. 

Oriental Banking Corporation. — 40 Threadneedle 
Street. 

Smith, Payne. & Smiths. — 1 Lombard Street. 

Union Bank of London. — General Manager, George 
Holland Milford. 2 Princes Street, Mansion * House ; 66 
Charing Cross ; 14 Argyll Place, Regent Street ; Chancery- 
Lane; and Holborn Circus. 



NEW-YORK BANKS. 

LONDON AGENTS. 

Austin, Baldwin, & Co City Bank. 

Bank of British N. America.. .Bank of British N. America. 

Bank of Montreal Union Bank of London. 

Bank of New York Union Bank of London. 

Bank of California Oriental Banking Corpor. 

Babcock Brothers & Co 

Blake Brothers & Co 

Brown Brothers & Co 

Drexel, Winthrop, & Co London Joint-Stock Bank. 

Duncan, Sherman, & Co Union Bank of London. 

-r, rr ii p n ( Smith, Payne, & Smiths, 

Eugene Kelly & Co j ^ c ' m J id ^ ed Bank . 

Kings & Sons 

Knauth, Machod, & Kahne Alliance Bank. 

Lassing, Weiss, & Co Alliance Bank. 

Maitland, Phelps, & Co Smith, Payne, & Smith. 

H. G. Marquand City Bank. 

W. B. Shattuck 

F. Schuchardt & Sons Union Bank of London. 

M. Morgans & Sons London Joint-Stock Bank. 

John Munroe & Co Consolidated Bank. 

E. P. Morton & Co Glyn Mills, Currie, & Co. 

National Bank of Commerce . . Glyn Mills, Currie, & Co. 

National Park Bank Union Bank of London. 

Stokes & Co City Bank. 

John Stuart & Co Smith, Payne, & Smiths. 

Ward & Co Union Bank of London. 

Wells, Fargo, & Co Union Bank of London. 

Winslow, Lanier, & Co City Bank. 



LONDON TRADESMEN. 41 



LONDON TRADESMEN RECOMMENDED TO AMERICAN 
TRAVELLERS. 

BAG (TRAVELLING) MAKERS. 

Allen, John William 37 Strand, W.C. 

Cave & Sons 74, 76, 78 Wigmore Street. 

Asser &• Sherwin 81 Strand. 

BAZAARS. 

Baker St. (W. & E. Boulnois)..5S Baker Street. 

London Crystal Palace 108 Oxford Street. 

Soho Bazaar 4 to 7 Soho Square. 

BISCUIT AND CRACKERS. 

A. Robb & Co 79 St. Martins Lane. 

(See advertisement.) 

BONNET-MAKERS (LADIES'). 

(See Milliners.) 

BOOKSELLERS. 

Hatchard, Messrs. & Co 187 Piccadilly. 

Bagster, Samuel & Sons 15 Paternoster Row, E.C. 

Bell & Daldy 4, 5, 6 York Street, Cov- 

ent Garden. 

Bentley, Richard & Son 8 New Burlington Street, W. 

Bonn, Henry George 18 Henrietta Street, Covent 

Garden. 
Cassell, Petter, & Galpin La Belle Sauvage Yard, 

Ludgate Hill. 

Hachette & Co. (French) 18 King William St., Strand. 

Longmans 38 to 41 Paternoster Row. 

Murray, John 50a, Albemarle Street. 

Quaritch, Bernard 16 Castle St., Leicester Sq. 

Routledge, George 7 Broadway, City. 

Smith, W. H. & Son 183 to 187 Strand. 

Harrison & Sons 59 Pall Mall. 

BOOT AND SHOE MAKERS. 

Carter, J. S 295 Oxford Street. 

Daniel, L 206 Regent Street. 

Givry, V. (for ladies) 23 Old Bond Street. 

Fagg Brothers. 29 Haymarket. 

Holland, J. (for ladies) 40 South Audley Street. 

Frisby, Edward 20 Eccleston St., Pimlico. 

Medwin, James & Co 86 Regent Street. 

Hall, C. G 89 Quadrant, Regent Circus. 

Norman, S. W 3 Belgrave Mans., Pimlico. 

Kerby, John 70 Haymarket. 



42 LONDON DIRECTORY. 

CHEMISTS, ALLOPATHIC. 

It is not necessary to mention the names of particular 
firms. 

CHEMISTS, HOMEOPATHIC. 

Epps, James & Co 170 Picadilly, W. 

Heath, Alfred 114 Ebury Street, Pimlico. 

Headland & Co 15 Princes St., Hanover Sq. 

CIGAR-DEALERS. 

Wolff, Phillips, & Co 77 Regent Street, W. 

Carreras, Joseph 98 Regent Street. 

Cigar Divan 101, 102 Strand. 

Evans, J. N 1 Pall Mall. 

Van Raalte 199 Piccadilly. 

Bewlay & Co 49 Strand. 

CROQUET-MANUFACTURERS. 

Buchanan, James 215 Piccadilly. 

Asser & Sherwin 81 Strand. 

CUTLERS. 

Barron & Wilson 43G West Strand. 

Mappin Brothers 220 Regent Street. 

Mappin & Webb 76, 77, 78 Oxford Street. 

Mechi, John Joseph 112 Regent Street. 

Rodgers of Sheffield 16 Vere Street, Oxford St. 

DRESSMAKERS (LADIES'). 

(See Milliners.) 

DENTISTS. 

Consult the hotel proprietor or manager. 

FLORISTS AND FRUIT-SELLERS 

Covent-Garden Market. 

HAIR-DRESSERS AND PERFUMERS. 

Cweig, B 246 Regent Street. 

Shipwright, Thomas 10 Tichborne St. Haymarket. 

Truefitt, H. P 14 Old Bond Street and Bur- 
lington Arcade. 

Truefitt, Walter 1 New Bond Street. 

Unwin & Albert 24 Piccadilly (W.) and 6 Bel- 
grave Mansions, Pimlico. 

Imrie, John 420 Strand. 

Douglas, Robert 21, 23 New Bond Street. 



LONDON TRADESMEN. 43 

HATTERS. 

Christy & Co 1 Old Bond Street. 

Lincoln, Bennett, & Co 1 Sackville St., Piccadilly. 

Cole, Thomas Henry 156 Strand. 

HACK PROPRIETORS. 

Evans, Joseph 179 Buckingham Palace Rd. 

Newman & Co 121 Regent Street. 

For private carriages. 

HOSIERS AND GLOVERS (GENTLEMEN). 

Bennett, E 4 Glasshouse St., Regent St. 

Baker & Co. H 112 & 113 New Bond Street. 

Burden & Keer 51 Conduit Street, Bond St. 

Capper & Waters 26 Regent St., Waterloo PI. 

Evans, John 18 Piccadilly. 

Holbrook & Walker 1 Burlington Gardens. 

Jacobs, Lewis 146 Strand, W. 

Crouch, Henry 34 Strand, W. 

Pope and Plante 4 Waterloo Place, Pall Mall. 

Thresher & Glenny 152 Strand. 

Sampson & Co 130 Oxford Street. 

Morgan & Ball 173 Strand. 

JEWELLERS. 

Emanuel & Co 1 Burlington Gardens, New 

Bond Street. 

Hancocks & Co 152 New Bond Street. 

Hunt & Roskell 156 New Bond Street. 

London & Ryder 17 New Bond Street. 

Streeter, Edwin W 37 Conduit Street, W. 

Watherston & Son 12 Pall Mall, East. 

Ortner & Houle 3 St. James's Street. 

Attenborough, George 212 Strand. 

Lambert & Co 10, 11, 12 Coventry St., W. 

KID GLOVES (LADIES'). 

Houbigant & Co 216 Regent Street. 

MILLINERY, AND LADIES' OUTFITTERS. 

Christian, Adams, & Co 12 Holies St., Cavendish Sq. 

Swears & Wells Regent Street. 

Brandon's 137, 138 &c, Oxford Street. 



44 LONDON DIRECTORY. 

MILLINERS, DRESSMAKERS, SILK MERCERS, &c. 

It is impossible to recommend any particular house. La- 
dies will find the latest fashions displayed in the windows 
of all the fashionable shops in Regent Street, Bond Street, 
Piccadilly, and Oxford Street ; or inquire of — 

Peter Robinson . .103, 104, &c, &c, Oxford St. 

Jay & Co . . 259 Regent Street. 

Marshall & Snelgrove Oxford Street. 

Gask & Gask 58 to 63 Oxford Street. 

Swan & Edgar Regent Circus, Piccadilly. 

Farmer & Rogers 171, 173 Regent Street. 

Ahlborn, Augustus 74 Regent Street. 

Hitchcock, Williams, & Co St. Paul's Churchyard. 

Nicholson, Daniel St. Paul's Churchyard. 

Debenham & Freebody 27, 29, 31 Wigmore Street. 

Lewis & Allenby 193, 195, 197 Regent Street. 

Redmayne, Gonner, & Co 19, 20 New Bond Street. 

Shoolbred, James & Co 151 to 156 Tottenham Court 

Road. 

Spence & Co St. Paul's Churchyard. 

Stagg & Mantle 2, 3, 4 Leicester Square. 

PERFUMERS. 

Atkinson, J. & E 24 Old Bond Street. 

Breidenbach & Co 157 New Bond Street. 

Piesse & Lubin 2 New Bond Street. 

Rimmel, Eugene 96 Strand. 

PHOTOGRAPHIC ARTISTS. 

Debenham, W. E 158 Regent Street. 

London Stereoscopic Company .108, 110 Regent Street. 

Elliott & Fry 55 Baker St., Portman Sq. 

Maull & Co 187a, Piccadilly. 

Mayall & Collins 224 Regent Street. 

Watkins, Herbert 215 Regent Street. 

PHYSICIANS. 

In event of necessity arising for consulting a physician, — 
at hotels, send for the regular hotel doctor ; in lodgings, in- 
quire of a respectable apothecary in the neighborhood ; in 
emergencies, go to the nearest to be found at night, by a 
colored lamp displayed over the door ; in the day, upon ap- 
plication to any respectable tradesman. 



LONDON TRADESMEN. 45 

SILVERSMITHS. 

Benson, James W 25 Old Bond Street. 

Dobree, Robert J 264 Strand, W.C. 

Emanuel & Co New Bond Street. 

Elkington & Co 22 Regent Street. 

Jenner & Knewstub 33 St. James's Street. 

Ortner & Houle 3 St. James's Street. 

Whistler, Edward 11 Strand. 

Watherston & Son 12 Pall Mall, East. 

STATIONERS, FOR NOTE PAPER, VISITING CARDS, &c. 

Jenner & Knewstub 33 St. James's Street. 

Parkins & Gotto ' 24, 25, 26 Oxford Street. 

Stanford, Edward 6, 7 Charing Cross. 

Harrison & Sons 59 Pall Mali. 

Holmes & Son 195 Oxford Street. 

SHIRTMAKERS AND GENERAL OUTFITTERS. 

William Churton & Son 91, 92 Oxford Street. 

Pope & Plante 4 Waterloo Place. 

Bennett, E 4 Glasshouse St., Regent St. 

Geoghegan & Doucet 178 Regent Street. 

Burden & Keer 51 Conduit Street. 

TAILORS. 

Poole Saville Row. 

Smalpage & Sons 41, 43 Maddox St., Bond St. 

Johnson & Sadler 66a Vigo Street, Regent St. 

Cutler & Reed 24, 25 St. James's Street. 

Dombey & Son Fenchurch Street, City. 

Gillott & Hassell 2 New Burlington Street. 

Goody & Johns 2 Clifford St., Bond St., W. 

Hill Brothers 3 Old Bond Street. 

Humphreys, John 3 Haymarket. 

Kimpton, Henry 105 Strand. 

Kino, N. M 87 Regent Street, W. 

Brown, Ambrose 50 Strand, W. 

Parfitt, Roberts, & Parfitt 75 Jermyn Street, W. 

Ralph & Son 150 Strand. 

Samuel Brothers 50 Ludgate Hill. 

TRUNK-MAKERS. 

Allen, John William 37 Strand. 

Brewer, W. S. & Son 120 Oxford Street. 

Cave, H. J. & Sons 74, 76, 78 Wigmore Street. 

Hill & Millard 21 Villiers Street, Strand. 



46 LONDON DIRECTORY. 

UMBRELLA AND PARASOL MAKERS. 

Aldred, Thomas 126 Oxford Street and Bur- 
lington Arcade. 

Cadman, Charles S Burlington Arcade. 

Sangster & Co 140 Regent Street. 

Smith, James 1, 2 Saville PL, Regent St. 

Milligen, Charles 47 Strand, West. 

WINE-MERCHANTS. 

W. & A. Gilbey (See advertisement.) 

George M. Innes 69 Strand, W.C. 



Note. — In compiling the foregoing, care has been taken 
to avoid, as far as possible, placing on the list of London 
tradesmen recommended to Americans the name of any- 
firm unknown to the Editor himself. It would be quite im- 
possible to draw any hard and fast line by which ladies and 
gentlemen should be guided in making their purchases in 
London. The Editor believes that London tradesmen, as a 
class, are thoroughly honorable, fair-dealing, trustworthy, 
and courteous, — as much so as any other section of the 
business community of the English capital ; and he feels 
the utmost confidence, therefore, in recommending any firm 
in the above list, from the fact that he has personal knowl- 
edge of their fitness to deal with strangers. But he would 
impress upon American visitors, nevertheless, the desira- 
bility of their being guided entirely by what it suits them 
to buy, and what it suits them to pay, and not by this or 
that person's recommendation to deal exclusively with one 
individual. Nearly every thing is very much cheaper in 
England than it is in the United States ; but in London, 
cheapness may oftentimes be very dearly purchased at the 
cost of goodness. Above all, the Editor strongly advises 
American strangers to London not to be led astray by spe- 
cious advertisements framed to entrap the unwary ; and he 
would take it as a special favor to himself, in order to add 
to the value and reliability of this London Directory for 
American Travellers, if instances of extortion and misdeal- 
ing on the part of any firm appearing or advertising in its 
ages were reported to him, in order to prevent their names 
eing included in any future edition of the book. 



p 

b 



HINTS TO AMERICANS. 47 



HINTS TO AMERICANS. 

Always see that your baggage is labelled to its destina- 
tion, when travelling by rail, before starting. Baggage is 
not checked. 

On arrival at any railway-station, call a porter ; tell him 
to engage a cab forthwith, and to look after your baggage. 

Do not bargain with the cabman. Request him to drive 
your party to the hotel you have selected, and, on arrival 
there, desire the hall porter of the hotel to settle with the 
cabman. By this means you avoid all altercation. 

To find your way from point to point in London, bear in 
mind that the great thoroughfares (a) Cornhill, Cheap- 
side, Newgate Street, and Oxford Street, and (b) Cornhill, 
Cheapside, Ludgate Hill, Strand, run from east to west to 
Hyde Park north and south ; and that Regent Street strikes 
their centre near Charing Cross from south to north. 

Always carry a certain amount of small change about 
with you, but not much money. 

In any difficulty, consult a policeman. 

In travelling by rail, and intending to return the same 
day, always buy a return-ticket. Return-tickets are 
available on almost all lines of railroad from Saturday to 
Monday morning inclusive. 

Saturday is the aristocratic day for sight-seeing. 

The hours of business, during which all offices, banks, 
&c, are open, are 10 to 4. Look out for Bank Holidays. 

If you are in a hurry to go anywhere, call a Hansom-cab, 
and don't call one off the rank if the distance is short. It 
is unfair to the cabman. 

Hotel proprietors will always recommend trustworthy 
tradesmen, on application. 

In making purchases, have in mind that "best" is econo- 
my in the long-run. Ladies will generally see the latest 
fashions in dress from Paris at the West End of London ; 
and gentlemen, the best styles in clothes. 

If you leave any article either in an omnibus or cab, 
apply as soon as possible at the Police Office, Scotland Yard, 
opposite the Admiralty, Whitehall. 

Never attempt to enter or leave a railway-carriage when 
the train is in motion. Railway companies in England are 
exceedingly strict on this point ; and persons infringing the 
rule are liable to be prosecuted, and detained on their jour- 
ney. 



48 LONDON DIRECTORY. 

To find addresses, consult the London Post-Office Direc- 
tory. 

The proper hours for calling at private houses are from 
2 to 6. ' 

The dinner-hour in England, for the professional and 
upper classes, varies from 5 to 8, p.m. Guests should arrive 
not later than five minutes before the time named. In Eng- 
land, the gentlemen never hand the ladies from table, but 
remain by themselves. 

It is absolutely essential to wear evening dress in attend- 
ing the opera. Ladies are not permitted to wear bonnets. 

In requesting permission to view any of the private 
galleries or mansions, always write to the owner. 



CABS IN LONDON. 



It should be generally understood that the safest plan, 
when in any doubt about a fare at a railroad-station, hotel, 
theatre, or other place of public amusement, is to ask one 
of the hackney carriage attendants (men in uniform), or the 
policeman on duty, to inform you of the proper fare. Tables 
of fares are posted conspicuously outside all railroad-sta- 
tions, hotels, and theatres ; and there is really not the slight- 
est necessity for a stranger submitting to any extortion from 
a cabman, if the course here suggested be followed. 

The American in London will be gratified at the ease 
with which a cab can be had in any part of the city. " Call 
a cab " does not imply, as in many parts of New York and 
Boston, sending to a stable, and taking your chance of find- 
ing a vehicle in. In London, cab-stands, and cabs moving 
about, are to be seen everywhere. A shrill whistle, an up- 
raised finger, a penny to a ragged boy, and a cab is at the 
curbstone in an instant. At the railroad-stations, and 
other places, as mentioned above, the arrangements for pas- 
sengers are admirable ; and the confusion in some American 
cities (almost running fight), which the traveller is obliged 
to undergo with hack-drivers, is avoided. At the doors of 
theatres and other places of amusement, a good cab may 
always be had at the close of performance, and with speed, 
by the aid of two or three pence to the cab-porter or boys in 
waiting. 



Fares by 
Distance. 



CABS IN LONDON. 49 

THE CAB-REGULATIONS OF LONDON ARE AS FOLLOWS : — 

Fi 
Di 

If hired and discharged within a Four Mile Circle from 
Charing Cross, for any distance not exceeding two «• d - 
miles, 1 

And for every additional mile, or part of a mile, 6 

If hired outside the Four Mile Circle, wherever dis- 
charged, for the first and each succeeding mile, or part 
of a mile, 1 

If hired within, but discharged outside, the Four Mile 1 
Circle, not exceeding one mile, 1 

Exceeding one mile, then for each mile within the 
circle, 6 

And for each mile, or part of a mile, outside, 1 

Fares by 
Time. 

Inside the Four Mile Circle. Four-wheeled cabs, for one «. d. 

hour or less, 2 

Two-wheeled cabs, 2 6 

For every additional quarter of an hour, or part of a 

quarter, four-wheeled cab, 8 

If a two-wheeled cab, 6 

If hired outside the Circle, wherever discharged, for one 

hour or less, 2 6 

If above one hour, then for every quarter of an hour or 

less, 8 

If hired within, but discharged outside, the Four Mile 

Circle, the same. 

Extra Payments. — Hirers of cabs should be particular in 
noticing these regulations, as disputes generally arise from their 
not being clearly understood. 

Fares by 

Distance 

or by Time. 

Luggage. — For each package carried outside the »• d. 

carriage, 2 

Extra Persons. — For each above two, 6 

For each child under ten years old, 3 

By Distance, 
waiting. 

For every 15 minutes completed, — *• d. 

If hired within the Four Mile Circle, four wheels, 6 

Two wheels, 8 

If hired without Circle, two or four wheels, 8 

4 



50 LONDON DIRECTORY. 

General Regulations. — Fares are according to dis- 
tance or time, at the option of the hirer, expressed at the 
commencement of the hiring; if not otherwise expressed, 
the fare to be paid according to distance. 

Driver is not compelled to hire his carriage for a fare 
according to time, at any hour after eight o'clock in the 
evening, and before six o'clock in the morning. 

Agreement to pay more than legal fare is not binding : any 
sum paid beyond the fare may be recovered back. 

Driver not to charge more than the sum agreed on for 
driving a distance, although such distance be exceeded by 
the driver. 

If the driver agreed beforehand to take any sum less than 
the proper fare, the penalty for exacting or demanding more 
than the sum agreed upon is 40s. 

The proprietor of every hackney carriage shall keep dis- 
tinctly painted, both on the inside and outside, a table of 
fares ; and the driver shall have with him, and, when re- 
quired, produce, the Authorized Book of Fares. 

In case of any dispute between the hirer and driver, the 
hirer may require the driver to drive to the nearest metro- 
politan police court or justice room, when the complaint 
may be determined by the sitting magistrate without sum- 
mons; or, if no police court or justice room be open at the 
time, then to the nearest police station, where the complaint 
shall be entered, and tried by the magistrate at his next 
sitting. 

Every driver of any hackney carriage shall, when hired, 
deliver to the hirer a card printed according to the directions 
of the commissioner of police. 

All property left in any hackney carriage shall be de- 
posited by the driver at the nearest police station within 
twenty-four hours, if not sooner claimed by the owner ; such 
property to be returned to the person who shall prove to 
the satisfaction of the commissioner of police that the 
same belonged to him, on payment of all expenses incurred, 
and of such reasonable sum to the driver as the commis- 
sioner shall award. 



CAB-FARES. 



51 



CAB-FARES 
TO OE FROM 



Albany Street 

Aldersgate Street 

BakerSt.,Portm'nSq.,KingSt, 

British Museum 

Charing Cross 

Cheapside, Wood Street. . . . 
Downing Street, Whitehall. . 

Elephant and Castle 

Exeter Hall, Strand 

Fleet Street, Fetter Lane 

Gower Street, New Road. . . . 

Guildhall, City 

Hanover Square 

Hyde Park Square 

Islington, " The Angel " 

Kensington Church 

King William Street, City... 

Leicester Square 

Ludgate Hill, Farringdon St. 

Manchester Square 

Moorgate Street 

Notting Hill Square 

Old Bailey, Cen. Crim. Court 
Oxford Street, Regent Circus 
Pall Mall, George Street.. 
Piccadilly, Half Moon Street 
Post Office, St. Martin's-le- 

Grand 

Railways, Blackwall 

" Eastern Counties. 

" Great Northern.. . 

" Great Western.. . 

" North- Western . . . 

" South-Eastern 

" South- Western . . . 
Regent Street, Piccadilly. . . . 

St. Paul's Churchyard 

Theatres, Adelphi 

44 Covent Garden.. . 

" Drury Lane...... 

'• Hay market. 

" Lyceum. 

" Princess's 

" Strand 

Tottenham Ct.Rd., Francis St. 

Tower of London 

Victoria Station, Pimlico 

Waterloo Br., Wellington St. 

Westminster Hall 

York and Albany, Regent's 

Park 

Zoological Gardens, Regent's 
Park 



.1. a. 
2 
1 o 
20 
1 6 
1 6 
1 
16 
1 
1 
1 
16 

1 
16 

2 6 
1 6 

3 o 

1 
1 6 

1 

2 
10 

3 
1 
1 
1 G 
10 

1 

1 (t 

1 

1 6 

2 6 
2 

1 
1 
1 6 
1 <> 
1 
1 
1 
1 6 
] o 
1 6 
1 
16 
1 
1 6 
1 

1 G 

2 
2 6 



*. ,i 

2 

1 o 

2 
1 
1 
1 

1 o 
1 o 
1 
1 
16 
1 

1 6 

2 

1 

2 
1 
1 6 

1 

2 
1 

3 
1 
1 
1 6 
1 G 

1 
1 
1 

1 6 

2 6 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 

l o 

10 
1 
1 
1 
1 

1 o 
1 6 
1 
1 6, 

1 
16 

2 
20 



2 
1 o 
16 
1 
1 o 
1 
1 o 
1 
10 

10 

1 6 
1 

1 6 

2 

1 

2 6 
1 
10 
1 
1 6 
1 
2G 
1 
1 6 
1 
1 G 

10 
1 

1 (i 

1 6 

2 
1 6 
10 
l o 

10 

1 o 

1 

1 
10 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 6 
10 
1 

1 
10 

2 



20 16 26 16 20 20 



■ 2 » E?S 



52 



LONDON DIRECTORY. 



CAB-FARES 


-3 

i! 


i 




1 

J3 o 


as 

i 00 


.£•3 


"3"S 

o 2 


a y 


3-d 


S„5 

£2 
1- 


TO OB FKOM 


if 


I s 




8$ 


a- 

3 

o 




5 o 


— _£ 


5 5 
■B. a 


o 
O 


a 




8. d. 


s. d. 


s.d. 


77 


8. d. 


8. d. 


s. d. 


s. d. 


a. d. 


s.d. 


Albany Street 


26 
26 
20 


16 
10 
20 


10 

16 
10 


1 6 
16 
10 


20 
10 
20 


26 
10 
20 


16 
20 
10 


20 
26 
16 


16 
10 

20 


10 


Aldcrsgate Street 


10 


BakerSt ,Portm'nSq.,KingSt. 


16 


British Museum 


26 


10 


10 


10 


16 


16 


16 


16 


10 


10 


Charing Cross 


20 

26 


16 

10 


10 

16 


10 
16 


16 
10 


16 
10 


16 

26 


16 
2 6 


10 
10 


16 


Cheapside, Wood Street 


10 


Downing Street, Whitehall . . 


20 


16 


10 


1 6 


10 


20 


20 


1 6 


16 


16 


Elephant and Castle 


26 


1(3 


16 


20 


10 


16 


26 


20 


16 


20 


Exeter Hall, Strand 


20 
26 


16 
10 


10 
10 


16 
16 


10 

10 


16 
10 


20 
20 


16 

20 


10 
10 


10 


Fleet Street, Fetter Lane 


10 


Gowcr Street, New Road. . . . 


26 16 


10 


10 


16 


20 


16 


20 


16 


10 


Guildhall, City 


30 


10 


16 


20 


10 


10 


26 


26 


10 


16 


Hanover Square 


20 
20 


16 
20 


10 

10 


10 
10 


16 
26 


20 
26 


10 
10 


1 6 
16 


1 6 

20 


10 


Hyde Park Square 


1 6 


Islington, " The Angel " 


30 


10 


16 


20 


16 


10 


20 


2 6 


10 


10 


Kensington Church 


1 6 


30 


1 6 


1 6 


2 6 


30 


1 6 


1 


2 6 


26 


King William Street, City . . . 


30 


10 


16 


20 


10 


10 


26 


26 


10 


16 


Leicester Square 


20 
26 


16 
10 


10 
10 


10 
16 


16 
10 


16 
10 


16 

20 


1 6 
20 


16 
10 


1 


Ludgate Hill, Farringdon St.. 


10 


Manchester Square 


20 


20 


10 


1 


2 


20 


1 


1 6 


1 6 


10 


Moorgate Street 


30 


10 


16 


20 


10 


10 


26 


26 


10 


16 


Notting Hill Square 


20 


30 


16 


10 


30 


30 


10 


1 6 


2 6 


2 6 


Old Bailey, Cen. Crim. Court 


26 


10 


16 


16 


10 


10 


20 


20 


10 


10 


Oxford Street, Regent Circus. 


20 


16 


10 


10 


16 


20 


10 


16 


1 6 


10 


Pall Mall, George Street 


16 


16 


10 


10 


16 


20 


16 


1 6 


16 


16 


Piccadilly, Half Moon Street. 


16 


20 


10 


10 


16 


20 


1 6 


10 


16 


16 


Post Office, St. Martin's-le- 






















Grand 


26 
30 
36 


10 
10 
10 


16 
20 
20 


16 
20 
20 


10 
10 
10 


10 
10 


20 
26 
30 


26 

26 
30 


10 

10 
10 


10 


Railways, Blackwall 


1 6 


" Eastern Counties.. 


16 


" Great Northern. .. 


30 


10 


10 


16 


20 


16 


16 


26 


10 


— 


" Great Western 


20 


26 


10 


10 


26 


26 


10 


20 


26 


16 


• ' North- Western . . . 


26 


16 


10 


16 


20 


20 


16 


20 


16 


10 


" South-Eastern .... 


26 


10 


20 


20 


10 


10 


26 


26 


10 


16 


" South- Western — 


20 


16 


10 


16 


10 


16 


20 


20 


10 


16 


Regent Street, Piccadilly 


20 


16 


10 


10 


16 


20 


16 


16 


16 


16 


St. Paul's Churchyard 


26 


10 


16 


1 6 


10 


10 


20 


20 


10 


1 


Theatres, Adclphi 


20 


16 


10 


1 


10 


16 


16 


16 


10 


10 


" Covent Garden 


2 


16 


10 


10 


10 


16 


1 6 


16 


10 


10 


" Drury Lane 


20 


16 


10 


10 


10 


16 


16 


16 


10 


10 


14 Haymarket 


20 


16 


10 


10 


16 


20 


16 


1 6 


16 


16 


" Lyceum 


20 


10 


10 


10 


10 


16 


20 


16 


10 


10 


" Princess's 


20 
20 


16 
16 


1 
10 


10 
16 


16 
1 


16 
16 


16 
20 


16 

2 


16 
10 


10 


" Strand 


10 


Tottenham-ct.Rd., Francis St. 


26 


16 


10 


10 


16 


20 


16 


20 


16 


10 


Tower of London 


30 


10 


20 


20 


10 


10 


26 


26 


10 


16 


Victoria Station, Pimlico .... 


16 


20 


10 


16 


16 


20 


2 


10 


1 6 


20 


Waterloo Br., Wellington St. 


20 


16 


10 


16 


10 


16 


20 


16 


10 


10 


"Westminster Hall 


2 


20 


10 


16 


10 


20 


20 


16 


16 


16 


York and Albany, Regent's 




Park 


30 


16 


10 


16 


20 


20 


10 


20 


1 6 


10 


Zoological Gardens, Regent's 




Park 


30 


20 


16 


16 


26 


26 


10 


26 


20 


10 



CAB-FARES. 



53 



CAB-FARES 

TO OK FROM 



Albany Street 

Aldersgate Street 

BakerSt.,Portm'n Sq.,KingSt. 

British Museum 

Charing Cross 

Cheapside, Wood Street 

Downing Street, Whitehall. . 

Elephant and Castle 

Exeter Hall, Strand 

Fleet Street, Fetter Lane 

Gower Street, New Road. . . . 

Guildhall, City 

Hanover Square 

Hyde Park Square 

Islington, " The Angel ". 

Kensington Church 

King William Street, City. . 

Leicester Square 

Ludgate Hill", Farringdon St 

Manchester Square 

Moorgate Street 

Notting Hill Square 

Old Bailey, Cen. Crim. Court 
Oxford Street, Regent Circus 

Pall Mall, George Street 

Piccadilly, Half Moon Street. 
Post Ofiice, St. Martin's-le- 

Grand 

Railways, Blackwall 

" Eastern Counties.. 

" Great Northern. . . 

" Great Western. . . . 

" North- Western. . .. 

" South-Eastern 

" South- Western 

Regent Street, Piccadilly 

St. Paul's Churchyard 

Theatres, Adelphi 

" Covent Garden 

" Drury Lane 

" Haymarket 

" Lyceum 

M Princess's 

" Sjrand 

Tottenham-ct. Rd., Francis St. 

Tower of London 

Victoria Station, Pimlico 

Waterloo Br., Wellington St. 

Westminster Hall 

York and Albany, Regent's 

Park 

Zoological Gardens, Regent's 
Park 



s. d, 

1 6 
1 6 
1 
1 6 

1 6 

2 
2 
2 6 
2 
2 

1 (3 

2 6 

1 
10 

2 

1 

2 6 

1 6 

2 

1 

2 6 
1 
20 
1 
] 6 

1 6 

2 
2 6 
2 6 

1 6 

1 6 

2 6 
2 
16 

2 
1 6 
1 6 
16 
1 6 
1 6 

1 6 

2 o 

1 6 

2 6 
2 
2 
2 

16 

16 



s, d 

1 6 

2 

1 
1 6 
10 
1 6 
1 
16 
1 o 

1 6 
16 

2 
1 

1 

2 

1 6 

2 
1 

1 6 
10 

2 
2o 
1 6 
1 
1 

1 

16 

20 

2 6 
2 
1 6 
2o 
16 
1 
1 
1 6 
1 o 
1 o 
1 
1 o 
1 
10 
10 

1 6 

2 
1 o 

1 

1 

2 
20 



s. d. 

1 
1 

1 

10 

1 o 

1 

1 

1 6 

1 

1 o 

10 

1 o 

10 

1 6 
10 

2 6 
10 
1 o 
1 

1 
10 

2 
10 

10 
10 

10 

10 
16 

16 
10 
2 
10 
1 6 
10 
10 
10 
l'» 
10 

10 
10 
10 

10 

1 o 

10 
1 6 
10 
1 
10 



8. ,/. 

1 

2 
1 
1 6 

1 

2 
2 
2 

1 

2 

1 

2 
1 6 
10 

1 

2 
2 

1 

2 

1 
20 

2 
2 

1 

2 
2 

2 
26 

2 

1 o 

2 

1 

2 
2 

1 

2 
2 
1 
1 
1 6 

1 6 
16 

2 o 

10 

2 6 
20 

1 6 

2 



10 10 
16 i 10 



.v. 'I. 

10 
1 
10 
1 o 

1 
1 

] 
1 
1 o 

10 

10 

1 6 

1 o 
16 
1 6 
1 6 

1 6 
10 
10 

1 
16 

2 
1 
10 
] o 
10 

10 

1 (3 

2 
1 
1 
1 
10 
1 
1 o 
10 
1 o 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 o 
10 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 

16 

1 



s.d. 
30 
20 
26 
20 
20 
20 
20 
10 
20 
20 
26 
20 
2 

2 
2 

3 
16 
2 

1 i 
2i 

2 

3 
2 
2 
2 
2 

20 
20 
2 
26 
30 
6 
16 
16 
20 
20 
20 
20 
20 
20 
20 
20 
20 
26 
20 
16 
16 
16 

30 

30 



s. d. 

] o 
] 
1 6 
1 

1 
1 

1 6 

2 
1 6 
1 

lo 
20 
16 
16 
10 
26 
20 
16 
16 
16 
20 
26 
1 

1 o 
1 

1 

1 

2 
2 

1 

2 

1 

2 
1 6 
1 
10 
1 
16 
16 
1 
1 
1 

1 
10 

2 
2 
1 
1 

10 

10 






fiP 



s. d 

1 
1 (' 
3 6 
1 
10 
1 
1 
10 
1 
10 
1 
1 
1 
1 6 
1 
20 
1 
1 
10 

1 o 

1 

2 
10 

1 o 
1 
10 

10 
10 
10 
10 
20 
10 
10 
10 
10 
10 
10 
10 
10 
10 
10 
] 
1 
1 
10 
1 
10 
10 

1 

16 



s. d. 

2 
16 
16 | 20 
10116 



16 

10 

16 

16 

1 

16 

1 
10 
1 

2 

3 

1 o 
1 
1 o 
1 

1 o 

2 

10 

1 6 

i i; 
1 6 

10 

l 
i o 

1 o 

2 
1 o 
10 
1 6 
1 (3 
10 
1 (3 
10 
1 (3 
1 (3 
1 
1 
10 
1 

1 

2 
1 6 
20 

16 

16 



10 
16 
10 
10 
10 
16 
20 
16 
16 
20 
20 
26 
10 
16 
10 
20 
16 
30 
16 
16 
16 
16 

16 
16 
16 
20 
26 
20 
10 
10 
16 
16 
10 
10 
10 
10 
10 
16 
10 
16 
16 
10 
10 
10 

26 

26 



54 



LONDON DIRECTORY. 



CAB-FARES 
TO OR FEOM 



>! , 

riil 

£ OH 



SI 



s. rf 

Albany Street 16 

Aldersgate Street 10 

BakerSt.,Portm'nSq.,KingSt. 1 6 

British Museum l o 

Charing Cross 10 

Cheapside, "Wood Street l 

Downing Street, Whitehall. . l 

Elephant and Castle 16 

Exeter Hall, Strand 10 

Fleet Street, Fetter Lane l o 

Cower Street, New Road — 10 

Guildhall, City 10 

Hanover Square 10 

Hyde Park Square 16 

Islington, ''The Angel" 10 

Kensington Church. 2 

King William Street, City. ..10 

Leicester Square l o 

Ludgate Hill, Farringdon St. 1 

Manchester Square 10 

Moorgate Street 10 

Notting Hill Square 2 6 

Old Bailey, Cen. Crim. Court 1 

Oxford Street, Regent Circus l o 

Pall Mall, George Street 10 

Piccadilly, Half Moon Street. 1 
Post Office, St. Martin's-le- 

Grand 10 

Railways, Blackwall 10 

" Eastern Counties . 1 6 

" Great Northern. .. 10 

" Great Western ... 20 

" North-Western 10 

" South-Eastern . . . . 10 

" South-Western.. .. 10 

Regent Street, Piccadilly 10 

St. Paul's Churchyard 10 

Theatres, Adelphi 10 

" Covent Garden. . . 10 

" Drury Lane 10 

" Haymarket 10 

" Lyceum 10 

" Princess's 10 

" Strand 10 

Tottenham-ct.Rd.,FrancisSt. 10 

Tower of London 10 

Victoria Station, Pimlico 16 

Waterloo Br , Wellington St. 10 

Westminster Hall 10 

York and Albany, Regent's 

Park | 16 

Zoological Gardens, Regent's 

Park I 16 



20 1 
20il 



26 06 26 
26 10 26 



s. d. 

1 
1 6 
10 

1 
1 
1 G 

1 

2 
1 
1 6 
1 
16 
1 
10 
1 
1 6 
20 
1 

1 6 

2 
10 

3 
1 6 
1 
1 
1 

1 6 
20 

2 
1 6 

1 o 
10 

2 
16 
1 
16 
1 
1 
1 o 
1 
1 
10 
1 
10 
20 
1 
1 
16 

1 

10 



s. d. 
16 
16 
16 
10 
10 
16 
10 
10 
10 
10 
10 
16 
10 
16 
16 
20 
10 
10 
10 
16 
1 6 
26 
10 
10 
10 
10 

16 
16 
20 
16 
20 
16 
16 
10 
10 
10 
10 
10 
10 
10 
10 
10 
10 
10 
] 6 
10 
10 



1 6 

2 



CAB-FARES. 



55 



CAB-FARES 
TO OB FROM 



Albany Street 

Aldersgate Street 

BakerSt.,Portm'n Sq.,KingSt. 

British Museum 

Charing Cross 

Cheapside, Wood Street 
Downing Street, Whitehall . . 

Elephant and Castle 

Exeter Hall, Strand 

Fleet Street, Fetter Lane 

Gower Street, New Road. . . . 

Guildhall, City 

Hanover Square 

Hyde Park Square 

Islington, " The Angel " 

Kensington Church 

King William Street, City. . . . 

Leicester Square 

Ludgate Hill, Farringdon St. 

Manchester Square 

Moorgate Street 

Notting Hill Square 

Old Bailey, Cen. Crim. Court. 
Oxford Street, Regent Circus. 

Pall Mall, George Street 

Piccadilly, Half Moon Street. 
Post Office, St. Martin's-le- 

Grand 

Railways, Blackwall 

" Eastern Counties. 

" Great- Northern. . 

" Great Western. . . 

" North- Western. . . 

" South-Eastcrn.. . . 

" South-Western ... . 

Regent Street, Piccadilly 

St. Paul's Churchyard 

Theatres, Adelphi 

" Covent Garden. . . . 

" Drury Lane 

" Haymarket 

" Lyceum 

" Princess's 

" Strand 

Tottenham Ct.Rd .Francis St. 

Tower of London 

Victoria Station, Pimlico 

Waterloo Br., Wellington St. 

Westminster Hall 

York and Albany, Regent's 

Park 

Zoological Gardens, Regent's 
Park 



->> 


* 

5! ° 

* ^, 

s s, 


35 o 


•6 

ii 

M o 
a £ 

a a 


Ig 

is 


m ~6 
g 2 




< 


p-i 


fc 


« 


o 


8. d. 


s.d 


». d. 


s. d. 


s. d. 


s.d. 


1 


16 


20 


10 


16 


16 


1 6 


16 


10 


16 


10 


10 


1 


10 


20 


10 


1 6 


16 


1 


10 


1 6 


10 


1 


10 


1 


10 


16 


10 


1 6 


1 


1 6 


16 


10 


16 


16 


1 


1 


10 


20 


10 


20 


1 


1 6 


16 


16 


16 


20 


1 


1 


10 


16 


1 


16 


1 


10 


16 


10 


10 


10 


1 


10 


16 


16 


1 


10 


1 


1 6 


2 


16 


16 


1 6 


1 


1 


10 


2 


10 


16 


1 o 


10 


10 


26 


10 


20 


1 


16 


20 


10 


10 


10 


1 


16 


10 


30 


20 


30 


20 


16 


20 


10 


16 


16 


10 


10 


10 


16 


10 


16 


10 


10 


16 


1 


16 


16 


1 


10 


10 


20 


10 


16 


1 6 


16 


20 


10 


16 


16 


1 


10 


16 


30 


16 


26 


26 


10 


16 


10 


16 


10 


1 


10 


10 


20 


10 


16 


1 


10 


10 


20 


10 


20 


1 


10 


10 


20 


10 


20 


10 


16 


16 


10 


16 


10 


1 


1 6 


20 


10 


20 


16 


1 


20 


20 


10 


20 


16 


1 6 


16 


16 


1 


1 


1 


1 


16 


10 


26 


10 


20 


20 


10 


16 


1 6 


10 


1 


1 


16 


20 


•1 


20 


1 6 


1 


10 


16 


1 6 


16 


2 


1 


10 


10 


20 


10 


1 6 


1 


10 


16 


10 


16 


16 


1 


10 


10 


16 


10 


1 6 


10 


10 


10 


1 6 


1 


1 6 


1 


10 


10 


1 6 


1 


1 6 


1 


10 


10 


20 


1 


1 6 


1 


1 


10 


16 


1 


1 6 


1 


10 


10 


16 


10 


16 


1 


10 


10 


16 


10 


16 


10 


10 


10 


1 6 


1 


1 


1 


16 


20 


10 


20 


1 6 


1 


10 


10 


20 


16 


20 


1 


10 


10 


16 


10 


1 6 


1 


10 


10 


20 


10 


20 


16 


16 


16 


20 


10 


26 


16 


16 


16 


20 


10 


16 


20 



1 
1 o 
10 

1 o 

2 6 
1 6 

To 
1 6 
16 
101- 
16 10 
16 10 



20 20 
20 20 



8. d. 
2 
2 
16 

1 6 

1 

2 
1 
1 6 
1 6 

1 6 

2 
2 

1 6 
lfi 

2 6 

1 6 

2 

1 6 

2 

1 6 

2 6 
1 6 
20 
16 10 
10 10 
10 10 



s. d. 

1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
] 6 
1 
] 
1 
1 
1 
16 

1 o 

2 
] o 
1 o 
1 
1 

1 

2 
1 



20 10 
20 10 



56 



LONDON DIRECTORY. 



CAB-FARES 

TO OB FKOM 



- = 



Pqd I « 



Albany Street 

Aldersgate Street 

Baker St.,Portm'n Sq..King St 

British Museum 

Charing Cross 

Cheapside, Wood Street 

Downing Street, Whitehall... 

Elephant and Castle 

Exeter Hall, Strand 

Fleet Street, Fetter Lane 

Gower Street, New Road 

Guildhall, City 

Hanover Square 

Hyde Park Square 

Islington, " The Angel " 

Kensington Church 

King William Street, City 

Leicester Square, N.W 

Ludgate Hill, Farringdon St . 

Manchester Square 

Moorgate Street 

Notting Hill Square 

Old Bailey, Cen. Crim. Court. 
Oxford Street, Regent Circus. 

Pall Mall, George Street 

Piccadilly, Hall' Moon Street. . 
Post Office, St. Martin's - le - 

Grand 

Railways, Blackwall 

" Eastern Counties . . 

" Great Northern 

" Great Western 

" North- Western 

" South-Eastern 

" South-Western .... 

Regent Street, Piccadilly 

St. Paul's Churchyard 

Theatres, Adelph'i 

" Covent Garden 

" Drury Lane 

" Haymarket 

" Lyceum 

•' Princess's 

" Strand 

Tottenham Ct. Rd., Francis St. 

Tower of London 

Victoria Station, Pimlico 

Waterloo Br., Wellington St.. 

Westminster Hall 

York and Albany, Regent's 

Park 

Zoological Gardens, Regent's 
Park I 



10 10 
20 16 
10'10 
2 I 1 G 

26 20 
16 1 " 



26 20 
26 20 



s. d. 
26 
2 
26 
2 
1 i; 
20 
1 6 

1 o 

2 
2() 
2 6 
2 

20 

2 6 

2 
26 
•2 
20 

2 

2-.; 

2 

3 

2 O 
2 
2 
2 

2 o 
2 
2 
2 
2 6 
2 

1 6 
16 
20 

2 
2o 
2 
2 

1 6 

2 
2 
2o 
2 

2 
16 
1 6 
10 

3 



10 10 
16 110 
20 ! 1 
10 20 
16 30 
10 20 
16 10 
10 16 
10 20 
10 10 
10 16 
16 16 
10 I 16 
10 2 



s. <1 

2 
10 
20 
1 
1 6 
10 
1 
10 
1 
1 

20 

1 o 
20 
26 
1 6 
30 
1 
16 
1 
20 
10 
3 
1 
2u 
10 
2o 

1 
10 
1 o 
16 
26 
2o 
1 o 
1 
10 
lo 
1 
10 

16 

1 0, 
10 
10 
1 

1 

2 
10 
10 

2 



2 

1 

2 
1 6 
1 0, 
1 o 
20 
10 
1 6 

1 o 

2 
10 
20 

2 6 
16 

3 o 

10 
1 G 

1 

2 
1 
30 

1 o 

2 
20 
2 



10 
1 

1 o 
I 20 
l 30 

20 

10 
16 

2 
1 o 
l i; 

10 

l o 

1 6 

10 

2 

1 0, 

2 
10 
2 

1 0, 

2 



10 261 26 16 26 I 1610 



s. cl. s. d. 
1G 10 
10 20 
10J 10 



10 10 
16116 
16 16 
20 2G 



2 

2 
2 
10 
1 6 

1 

2 
2 

1 

2 
10 
1 
1 6 
10 
10 
1 
1 

1 

2 



10 20 
10 16 
10jli 

16' — 



OMNIBUS ROUTES. 57 



OMNIBUS ROUTES. 

The most convenient and the cheapest form of travelling 
from one London street to another, or from one point of 
London to another, in the suburbs, — except where both 
points rest on a direct line of metropolitan or underground 
railroad, — is by omnibus ; and these useful vehicles traverse 
the streets not only north and south, but east and west, cen- 
tral and otherwise, from eight in the morning until twelve at 
night. The chief centres from which omnibus routes radiate 
are the following ; and it may help to know, that to make for 
any one of these fixed points, when any doubt arises, and 
the distance is not too great, will be f ound to be economy in 
the long-run : — 

All the railroad-stations. 

The Bank of England. 

Charing Cross, at the corner of Trafalgar Square. 

Oxford Street, corner of Tottenham Court Road. 

Oxford Street, Regent Circus. 

Piccadilly, Regent Circus and White Horse Cellar, — a 
little to the right of Bond Street. 

Sloane Street, near Hyde Park. 

Bishopsgate Street, Flower Pot. 

Gracechurch Street. 

The Angel, Islington. 

The Elephant and Castle, in the Surrey Road. 

London Bridge. 

Westminster Bridge. 



COLORS OF OMNIBUSES. 

Blue, Dark. — " Royal Blue." — Blackwall Railway, by 
Cheapside, Ludgate Hill, Strand, Charing Cross, Piccadilly, 
to Pimlico. 

Blue, Dark. — " Waterloo." — Waterloo Bridge, by Char- 
ing Cross, Regent Street, Portland Road, to Zoological Gar- 
dens, Regent's Park. 

Green, Dark. — "Favorite." — Victoria Station, Pimlico, 
by Whitehall, Charing Cross, and Strand, to Chancery Lane 
and Islington. 

Green, Light. — " City Atlas." — Charing Cross, through 



58 LONDON DIRECTORY. 

Regent and Baker Streets (past Madame Tussand's), to 
Regent's Park, for Zoological Gardens. • 

Green, Olive. — London Bridge, through Cheapside, 
Holborn, Oxford Street, Edgware Road, to Bayswater. 

Red. — "Royal Oak." — Charing Cross, through Regent 
Street, Oxford Street, and Edgware Road, to Bayswater. 

Red. — " Hammersmith and Kensington." — Bank, by 
Cheapside, Ludgate Hill, Strand, Piccadilly, to Hammer- 
smith and Kensington (for Museum). 

White. — " Chelsea." — Bank, by Ludgate Hill, Strand, 
Charing Cross, and Piccadilly, to King's Road, Chelsea, for 
Cremorne Gardens. 

White. — "Brompton." — London Bridge, by Cheapside, 
Ludgate Hill, Strand, Charing Cross, Piccadilly, to Brompton. 

White. — "Richmond." — White Horse Cellar, Picca- 
dilly, to Richmond, Kew, &c. 

Yellow, Bright. — Victoria Station, through Whitehall, 
by Charing Cross, St. Martin's Lane, Tottenham Court Road 
(for British Museum), to Camden Town. 

The fares from terminus to terminus never exceed six- 
pence, except in the case of the Richmond omnibuses. The 
fares are painted inside the door. 



STEAMBOATS ON THE THAMES. 

The London visitor should make a point of ascending or 
descending the Thames by a steamboat, say from West- 
minster to Kew, from Chelsea to Blackwall ; or in this latter 
case, almost as well, and more convenient, from Westmin- 
ster Bridge to Greenwich ; and if he be a man of some nice- 
ness in his feeding, and who, as Dr. Johnson expressed it, 
" likes to dine," let him, if he goes that way, take care of his 
appetite for a dinner of whitebait, either at the East-India- 
Dock Tavern, at Blackwall, or the Ship at Greenwich. 

All river boats have their names painted conspicuously 
on the paddle-boxes ; and at the foot of nearly every one of 
the London bridges is a wharf for the arrival and departure 
of passengers. The steamers plying on the Thames are as 
follows : — 

"Citizens " and "Iron Steamboats." — Leave London, 
and nearly all the other bridges, every ten minutes, for sta- 
tions on both sides of the Thames, from 9, a. m., till dusk. 



LONDON TRAINS. 59 

The points of arrival and departure are, Paul's Wharf (St. 
Paul's Cathedral), Blackfriars Bridge, Temple, Waterloo 
Bridge, Hungerford Bridge (Charing Cross), Westminster 
Bridge, Lambeth (Lambeth Palace), Vauxhall, Pimlico, 
Chelsea, Battersea, Cremorne Gardens, Kew, &c. 
Fares from London Bridge to Lambeth Id. 

" " " " Pimlico 2d. 

" " " " Chelsea 3d. 

« " " « Kew Qd. 

Waterman's Company. — All boats of this company have 
a separate and distinct name, such as Sylph, Plover, &c, and 
run from Westminster Bridge to Greenwich, Woolwich, 
Blackwall, Erith, Rosherville, Gravesend. 

Fares from Westminster to Greenwich M. 

" " Woolwich 4tf. 

" " " " Gravesend Is. 2d. 



LONDON TRAINS, METROPOLITAN OR UNDERGROUND. 

The Metropolitan or Underground System of Rail- 
road in London provides most admirably for rapid transit 
between stations in the city, and stations in the suburbs. A 
stranger may experience some little difficulty at first in 
mastering the details of the time-bills ; but if he will only 
bear in mind that the trains run every five and ten minutes, 
from early morning until close upon midnight, there need 
be little or no anxiety about catching a particular train. 
This system of railroad makes an almost complete circuit 
of London ; so that a passenger may start from Moorgate 
Street, near the Bank, and, after travelling for an hour, find 
himself back at Moorgate Street again. Always inquire 
where you should change carriages. 

The direct lines underground are nearly as follows : — 
From Mansion House, in the city, to Blackfriars. 

" " " " " the Temple. 

" " " " " Charing Cross. 

" " " " " Westminster Bridge. 

" " " " " St. James's Park. 

" " " " " Victoria Station. 

" " " " " Sloane Street. 

" « " " « South Kensington, &c. 



60 LONDON DIRECTORY. 

From Broad or Moorgate St., city, to King's Cross. 

" « « " " Gower Street. 

« " « "• " Near Albany Street, 

Regent's Park. 

" « " " " Baker Street. 

« " " " " Edgware Road. 

« « " " " Paddington, &c, to 

Kensington. 

N.B. — The Mansion House line takes stations along the 
Strand district to Victoria Station, and so to Kensington ; 
the Moorgate Street system, stations to the north of Oxford 
Street, to Kensington. 



CONTINENTAL TRAINS. 

KB. — The Express Mail Services, via Dover and 
Calais, of the London, Chatham, and Dover Railway, are 
now completely established to Paris, Brussels, and Switzer- 
land, Geneva, Como, Interlacken, Mont Blanc, the Austrian 
Tyrol, and Salzburg. 

Paris, via Dover and Calais. — Fare, first class, £3; 
second class, £2 5s. 

Leave. Morning. Evening. 

1st, 2d class. 1st class. 

Charing Cross, or Victoria Station, or 

Ludgate Hill Station 7.40, a.m. 8.45, p.m. 

Dover, departs 9.35, a.m. 10.45, p.m. 

Calais, " 12.25, p.m. 1.55, a.m. 

Amiens, " 3.52, p.m. 5.10, a.m. 

Paris, arrives 0.05, p.m. 7.20, a.m. 

Paris via Folkestone and Boulogne. — Fare, first 
class, £2 16s. ; second class, £2 2s. This is a tidal service, 
the hours of departure varying each day. 

From Charing Cross or Cannon Street. See Bradshaw 
for the month. 

Paris via Newhaven and Dieppe. — Fare, first class, 
£1 lis. ; second class, £1 3s. This, also, is a tidal service. 

From Victoria Station or London Bridge. See Bradshaw 
for the month. 

Paris via Southampton and Havre. — Fare, first class, 
£1 lis. ; second class, £1 2s. 9d. 

Every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, from Waterloo 
Station, latest train, 9, p.m; arriving in Paris, — first class, 
4.23, p.m., next day ; second class, 6.20, p.m. 



RATES FOR THROUGH TICKETS. 



61 



RATES FOR THROUGH TICKETS TO THE EUROPEAN 
CONTINENT. 



LONDON 

TO 



Aix-la-Chap. 
Aix-la-Chap. 
Aix-la-Chap. 
Aix-la-Chap. 

Amiens 

Antwerp. . . . 
Antwerp. . . . 
Baden Baden 
Baden Baden 
Baden Baden 

Bale 

Bale 

Bale (R. B.) 
Bale (R. B.) 

Bale 

Bale 

Barmen 

Barmen 

Berlin 

Berlin 

Berlin 



Berlin 
Berlin 

Berlin 



5 15 

6 3 3 
3 12 9 

3 8 9 
5 13 
5 17 
1 10 9 
5 3 9 

4 19 3 



Brindisi 11 17 7 



Berne 

Bonn 

Bonn 

Bordeaux .. . 
Bordeaux .. . 
Boulogne . . . 

Bremen 

Bremen 



SINGLE TICKETS. 



1st CI. 2d CI. 



2 11 

2 7 



d.£ s. d. 

6i-2 5 9 

1 3 

5 9 

1 3 

12 6 
18 3 

13 6 



3 19 9 

4 2 9 



6 3 13 6 



5 19 3 



5 15 
5 15 



Do.(Childr'n) 
Brindisi .. 
Brindisi.. 
Bruges. .. 
Brussels . 
Brussels . 

Calais 

Cassel. ... 
Cassel.... 
Coblence. 
Coblence. 
Cologne. . 
Cologne.. 
Crefeld... 
Crefeld ... 



18 10 
2 
16 
19 



3 9 
2 14 6 
2 9 9 



2 13 9 
2 9 6 
4 4 9 
4 7 9 
12 6 



8 14 4 
4 7 2 



„,1 7 
01 17 
61 13 
91 2 



3 5 



63 5 
312 17 
3l2 13 
6'2 12 
62 7 
3 2 11 
0|2 7 



Mixed 
I, 2 CI. 



4 11 9 
4 16 3 



5 5 

5 5 

5 5 

9 





o 

5 

5 



1 4 6 
4 17 6 
i 13 



10 9 
10 4 



1 4 



Period 
for which 
Available. 



1 Month 

30 Days 

7 Days 
1 Month 

30 Days 

15 Days 
30 Days 
1 Month 
;0 Days 
1 Month 



30 Days 
1 Month 

15 Days 

7 Days 
1 Month 



17 Days 
1 Month 



7 Days 
30 Days 

1 Month 



By what Route 
Available. 



Days 



Calais and Herbesthal. 

Ostend and Herbesthal. 

Calais and Bleyberg. 

Ostend and Bleyberg. 

Boulogne. 

Calais. 

Ostend. 

Calais and Paris. 

Ostend and Cologne. 

Calais and Cologne. 

Boulogne and Paris. 

Calais and Paris. 

Ostend and Cologne. 

Calais and Cologne. 

Calais and Luxemburg. 

Ostend and Luxemburg. 

Calais and Bleyberg. 

Ostend and Bleyberg. 

Calais, Cologne, & Brunswick. 

Calais, Cologne, and Stendal. 

\ Calais, Bleyberg, and Aix-la- 

( Chapelle. 

Ostend, Cologne, & Brunswick. 
Ostend, Cologne, and Stendal. 

\ Ostend, Bleyberg, and Aix- 

/ la-Chapelle. 
Ostend and Cologne. 
Calais and Cologne. 
Ostend and Cologne. 
Boulogne and Paris. 
Calais and Paris. 
Folkestone. 
Calais and Cologne. 
Ostend and Cologne. 

( Boulogne or Calais, Paris, and 

( Mont Cenis Tunnel. 

" " " [ner. 

Calais, Cologne, and the Bren- 
Ostend, Cologne, and the Bren- 



Ostend. 

Calais. 

Ostend. 

Dover. 

Calais and Bleyberg. 

Ostend and Bleyberg. 

Calais and Cologne. 

Ostend and Cologne. 

Calais and Herbesthal. 

Ostend and Herbesthal. 

Calais and Bleyberg. 

Ostend and Bleyberg. 



[ner. 



62 



LONDON DIRECTORY. 



RATES FOR THROUGH TICKETS. -Continued. 



LONDON 

TO 



SINGLE TICKETS. 



1st CI. 



Mixed 
1, 2 CI. 



I Period 
for which 
J Available 



By what Route 
Available. 



Darmstadt . . 
Darmstadt . . 
Dortmund. . 
Dortmund. . 
Dresden ... 

Dresden. . . . 



Dresden 

Dresden 

Dusseldorf ., 
Dusseldorf .. 
Elberfeld.... 
Elberfeld.... 

Ems 

Ems 

Essen 

Essen 



Florence 

FrancftO.M. 
FrancftO.M, 

Geneva 

Geneva 



Genoa 

Ghent 

Ghent 

M. Gladbach 
M. Gladbach 

Hagen 

Hagen 

Hamburg . . . 
Hamburg . . . 
Hanover .... 
Hanover .... 
Heidb'g.R.B. 
Heidb'g,R.B. 

Homburg 

Homburg... . 

Leghorn 

Leipsic 

Leipsic 

Leipsic 

Leipsic 

Liege 

Liege 

Lille 

Louvain 



£ s. 
4 10 
4 6 
3 16 
3 12 
6 7 

6 7 

6 3 



6 3 

3 10 
3 6 
3 12 

3 8 

4 1 
3 16 
3 12 

3 8 

9 2 

4 9 

4 5 

5 17 

6 1 

7 14 

2 7 

2 2 

3 7 
3 3 
3 15 
3 10 



9 7 

5 15 

5 15 

5 11 

5 11 

2 17 
2 13 
2 1 
2 8 



2 17 
2 12 



2 12 
2 7 
2 14 
2 9 



£ s. d..\ 

4 5 3 1 Month 

4 9) 

30 Days 



1 Month 



5 9 6 
5 9 6 



5 5 3 



3 18 
3 14 



2 14 3 
2 9 6 

6 17 2 



5 14 8 

1 14 

1 10 

2 10 
2 5 
2 16 
2 11 



7 11 



2 2 
1 18 
1 11 
1 14 3 



5 4 
5 
4 13 
4 9 
4 9 
4 5 
4 6 
4 2 



30 Days 



17 Days 
1 Month 



.7 Days 
1 Month 



30 Days 



5 1 



4 17 
4 17 3 



1 Month 
30 Dayi 



17 Days 
1 Month 



Calais and Cologne. 
Ostend and Cologne. 
Calais and Bleyberg. 
Ostend and Bleyberg. 
Calais, Col'gne, & Brunsw'k. 
I Calais, "Bleyberg, and 
I Aix-la-Chapelle. 
Ostend, Col'gne, &Brunsw'k. 
{ Ostend, Bleyberg, and 
( Aix-la-Chapelle. 
Calais and Bleyberg. 
Ostend and Bleyberg. 
Calais and Bleyberg. 
Ostend and Bleyberg. 
Calais and Cologne. 
Ostend and Cologne. 
Calais and Bleyberg. 
Ostend and Bleyberg. 
\ Boulogne or Calais, Paris, 

/ and Mont Cenis Tunnel. 
Calais and Cologne. 
Ostend and Cologne. 
Boulogne and Paris. 
Calais and Paris. 
Boulogne or Calais, Paris, 
and Mont Cenis Tunnel. 
Calais. 
Ostend. 

Calais and Bleyberg. 
Ostend and Bleyberg. 
Calais and Bleyberg. 
Ostend and Bleyberg. 
Calais, Cologne, &Harburg. 
Ostend, Cologne, & Harb'rg. 
Calais and Cologne. 
Ostend and Cologne. 
Calais and Cologne. 
Ostend and Cologne. 
Calais and Cologne. 
Ostend and Cologne. 
Boulogne or Calais, Paris, 
and Mont Cenis Tunnel. 
Calais,Col'gne, & Brunsw'k. 

\ Calais, Bleyberg, and 

/ Aix-la-Chapelle. 
Ostend, CTgne,& Brunsw'k. 

{ Ostend, Bleyberg, and 

( Aix-la-Chapelle. 
Calais. 
Ostend. 
Calais. 



7 Days 

1 Month Ostend. 



RATES FOR THROUGH TICKETS. 



63 



RATES FOR THROUGH TICKETS. - Continued. 



LONDON 

TO 



Lucerne 

Lyons 

Marseilles.. . 
Marseilles.. . 
Mayence 
Mayence . . . 

Milan 

Munich 

Munich 

Munich 

Munich 



Naples . 

Neuss.. 
Neuss.. 

Nice 

Ostend. 

Paris .. 

Paris... 

Paris*. 

Rheydt. 

Rheydt, 

Rome .. 



Rotterdam.., 
Rotterdam.. 

Ruhrort 

Ruhrort 

Spa 

Spa 

St. Petersh'g 
St. Petersh'g 
St. Petersh'g 
St Petersh'g 
St.Petersb'g 
St. Petersb'g 
Strasburg... 
Strasburg.. . 
Strasburg. . . 
Strasburg.. . 
Stuttgart... 
Stuttgart. . . 

Turin 



SIKUI.E TICKETS. 



5 8 

7 1 

7 5 

4 6 

4 1 

7 13 

7 7 
7 11 

6 8 
6 3 



12 3 

3 8 
3 4 
8 5 

1 17 

2 16 

3 



Venice 

Verviers . . . 
Venders . . . 
Vienna 
Vienna 

Vienna 

Vienna 



5 14 2 



2 3 



3 19 

2 17 

3 10 9 



2 19 
2 15 
13 6 
13 6 
13 6 
13 2 



13 2 

13 2 

5 5 

5 9 

4 10 

4 7 

5 7 

5 2 

6 19 11 

9 3 11 
2 18 
2 15 

9 18 

10 2 

8 8 
8 3 6|. 



8 16 10 

2 11 
2 6 
6 4 

1 6 

2 2 
2 5 

1 11 

2 9 
2 5 








2 12 
2 8 
2 4 
1 19 



Period 
vr — t~ f° r which 
f l }*£f Available. 



£ s. d. 

5 8 30 Days 
15 Days 



4 2 3 
3 18 



3 18 

4 10 
3 5 
3 



5 4 7 

6 16 
2 3 
1 19 



10 17 
10 17 
10 17 
10 12 
10 12 
10 12 



fl 1 



4 17 
4 13 



1 Month 

17 Days 
1 Month 

30 Days 

17 Days 

10 Days 
<i 

1 Monti 
7 Days 



3 Days 
30 Days 

17 Days 
1 Mouth 

30 Days 



By what Route 
Available. 



6 16 



Ostend. 

Boulogne or Calais & Paris. 

Boulogne and Paris. 

Calais and Paris. 

Calais and Cologne. 

Ostend and Cologne. 

\ Boulogne or Calais, Paris, 

/ and Mont Cenis Tunnel. 
Boulogne and Paris. 
Calais and Paids. 
Calais and Cologne. 
Ostend and Cologne. 

J Boulogne or Calais. Paris, 

\ and Mont Cenis Tunnel. 
Calais and Bleyberg. 
Ostend and Bleyberg. 
Boulogne or Calais. 
Dover. 
Boulogne. 
Calais. 

Boulogne or Calais. 
Calais and Bleyberg. 
Ostend and Bleyberg. 

j Boulogne or Calais, Paris, 

\ and Mont Cenis Tunnel. 

Calais. 

Ostend. 

Calais and Bleyberg. 

Ostend and Bleyberg. 

Calais. 

Ostend. 

Calais, Cologne, &Brunsw'k. 

Calais,Cologne,and Stendal. 

Calais and Bleyberg. 

Ostend,CTgne,& Brunsw'k. 

Ostend, Cologne, & Stendal. 

Ostend and Bleyberg. 

Boulogne and Paris. 

Calais and Paris. 

Calais and Luxemburg. 

Ostend and Luxemburg. 

Ca'ais, Cologne, & Bruchsal. 

1 Month Ostend, C'l'gne, & Bruchsal. 

\ Boulogne or Calais, Paris, 

/ and Mont Cenis Tunnel. 



15 Days 
1 Month 
30 Days 



17 Days 



1 Month 



Night services only. 



Calais. 

Ostend. 

Boulogne and Paris. 

Calais and Paris. 

Calais, C'logne, and Passau. 

Ostend, C'logne,and Passau. 

t Third class. 



64 



LONDON DIRECTORY. 



RATES FOR THROUGH TICKETS. -Continued. 



LONDON 


SINGLE TICKETS. 


Period 


By what Route 


TO 


1st CI. 


2d CI. 


Mixed 
1,2 CI. 
£ s. d. 

4 2 6 

3 18 

5 7 6 


Available. 


Available. 


Vierzen 

Vierzen .... 

Wiesbaden. . 

Wiesbaden. . 
Zurich 


£ s. d. 
3 8 

3 3 9 

4 7 

4 2 6 
6 2 


£ s. d. 
2 10 9 
2 6 

. ' ' ' 


30 Days 


Calais and Bleyberg. 

Ostend and Bleyberg. 
\ Calais, Cologne, and 
) Rudesheim. [heim. 

Ostend, C'logne, andRudes- 

Ostend and Cologne. 



DOVER 


SINGLE TICKETS. 


Period 
for which 
Available. 


By what Route 


TO 


1st CI. j 2d CI. 


Mixed 
1, 2 CI. 


Available. 


Aix-la-Chap 

Bale 

Bale (R. B.) 

Berlin 

Brussels . . 
" (return) 

Cologne 

Francfort . . . 
Hamburg ... 


£ s. d. £ s. d. 
2 1 6 1 10 9 

4 11 3 3 7 9 

5 9 1 

4 19 3 

1 10 1 2 3 

2 2 9 ! 1 12 6 

2 10 6 1 17 

3 9 9 

4 13 Oi 

6 11 6 


£ s. d. 

k"l"9 
4 5 


3*5 *6 

4 4 6 


1 Month 
15 Days 
30 Days 

1 Mouth 

«< 
30 Days 


Calais and Herbesthal. 

Calais and Paris. 

Calais and Cologne. 

Calais, Cologne, and Stendal. 

Calais. 

Calais. 

Calais and Herbesthal. 

Calais and Herbesthal. 

Calais, C'logne, and Harb'rg. 


Munich 

Paris 

Spa 


5 8 3 

1 17 9 1 8 6 
1 19 3 1 9 
1 18 9, 1 8 9 
9 2 


4 11 6 



30 Days ICalais and Cologne. 
7 Days j Calais. 


Verviers 


<< 


Calais. 


Vienna 


7 8 o: 


6 9 


Calais, Cologne, and Passau. 



RETURN TICKETS. 



LONDON 


SINGLE TICKETS. 


Period 
for which 
Available. 


By what Route 


TO 


1st CI. 


2d CI. 


3d CI. 


Available. 


Boulogne... . 
Brussels .... 

Brussels 

Calais 

Paris 

Paris* 


£ s. d. 

2 7 6 

3 16 

3 11 
2 7 6 

4 15 


£ s. d. 

1 17 6 

2 16 6 

2 10 6 

1 17 6 

3 15 

2 7 


£ s. d. 

i ii 6 


7 Days 
1 Month 

7 Days 
1 Month 
14 Days 


Folkestone. 
Dover and Calais. 
Dover and Ostend. 
Dover. 

Folkestone or Dover. 
Folkestone or Dover. 











Stopping-Places. — Passengers can stop at each of the intermediate 
points for which there is a separate coupon ; and the tickets are available 
between those points by any train of the same class. 



By night services only. 



EXCURSION TRAINS. 65 



EXCURSION-TRAINS. 

From or about the middle of August to the 30th of 
September, all the principal railway-companies run excur- 
sion-trains from London to points of interest inland, and on 
the coast. A trip to Brighton, Ramsgate, or Margate, is a 
desirable change from the heat and bustle of the London 
streets during the hot season, and will be certain to repay a 
stranger who is unfamiliar with the manners and customs 
of Englishmen at the sea-side. Brighton possesses an 
Aquarium which certainly ought to be seen ; and the Mar- 
gate Sands, at bathing-time, present a sight not to be met 
with out of England. Excursion-trains run as follows; 
but, for details of other excursions, see London daily pa- 
pers : — 

To Brighton and Back. — Every Sunday and Monday, 
from Victoria Station and London Bridge Station, at 9, a.m. 
Fares 7s. and 3s. . 

To Ramsgate, Margate, Broadstairs, and Herne 
Bay, and Back. — Every Sunday, from Victoria Station and 
Ludgate Hill Station, at 8.30, a.m. Fare 10s. 

To Ramsgate, Margate, Broadstairs, and Herne 
Bay. — Three cheap fast trains daily, at 10.10, a.m., 12.30, 
p.m., and 3.15, p.m. Fares, return-ticket/ 15.s. and 8s. 

To Portsmouth (Dockyard), Isle of Wight, Queen's 
Residence at Osborne. — Every Saturday, from Victoria, 
at 2.50, p.m., returning the following Tuesday. Fares lis. 
and 7s. Qd. 

Every Saturday in September, excursion-trains run from 
London as follows, returning in each case on the Monday 
week or Monday fortnight following date of departure : — 

Leave Paddington Station at 7.30, and Reading 8.55, a.m., 
for Clevedon, Weston-super-Mare, Bridgewater, Taunton, 
Ilminster, Chard, Watchett, Wiveliscombe, Tiverton, Exe- 
ter, Torquay, Plymouth, Truro, Falmouth, Penzance, and 
other intermediate stations in the most beautiful parts of 
Devon and Cornwall. 

Leave Paddington at 1.05, and Reading, 2.20, p.m. ; for 
Trowbridge, Wells, Yeovil, Dorchester, Weymouth, and other 
intermediate stations. Passengers taking tickets to Wey- 
mouth will have the privilege of going from Weymouth to 
Guernsey or Jersey at single fares for the double journey. 



QQ LONDON DIRECTORY. 



TRAINS. -CHIEF RAILWAY-STATIONS IN LONDON. 

Great Western Railway. — Paddington. 

London and North- Western. — Euston Square. 

Great Northern Railway. — King's Cross. 

Eastern Counties. — Shoreditch. 

London, Brighton, and South Coast. — London Bridge, 
Cannon Street, Charing Cross, Victoria Station. 

London and South-Western. — Waterloo Bridge. 

London, Chatham, and Dover. — Victoria Station. 

The Blackwall Railway. — Mark Lane. 

N.B. — The best Railway Time-Tables to consult are 
the A. B. C. Railway Guide, ])rice Qd. ; and Cassell's Time- 
Tables, price 2d. To be had at all railway book-stalls. 



POSTAL ARRANGEMENTS. 

Mails are made up in London, for the United States, every 
Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday evening. 

Postage for Letters : ^ oz., 3d. ; 1 oz., Qd. ; and 3d. for 
every additional £ oz. Newspapers : 4 oz., Id. ; 8 oz., 2c?. 
Books and Patterns : 1 oz., Id. ; 2 oz.. 2d. ; 3 oz., od. 

Continental Postage : To France, 3d. for ^ oz. ; Bel- 
gium, Switzerland, and Germany, 3d. for £ oz. ; Italy, Qd. for 
£ oz. 

Inland Letters or packets sent to or from any part of 
the United Kingdom are charged as follows : — 

Not exceeding 1 oz. in weight, Id. ; exceeding 1 oz., but 
under 2 oz., 1£ d. ; exceeding 2 oz., but under 4 oz., 2d. ; ex- 
ceeding 4 oz., but under 6 oz., 2£ d. ; exceeding 6 oz., but un- 
der 8 oz., 3d. ; exceeding 8 oz., but under 10 oz., 3^d. ; exceed- 
ing 10 oz., but under 12 oz., id. ; over 12 oz., the rate is Id. 
per oz. ; e.g., a prepaid letter weighing 17 oz., and under 18 
oz., is charged Is. 6d., and so on. 

If the postage be not paid in advance, a double postage will 
be demanded on delivery ; and, if the prepaid postage be in- 
sufficient, double the amount of the deficiency will be charged. 

Newspapers : A postage of one halfpenny is charged for 
the transmission of each newspaper within the United King- 
dom. Such newspaper posted for inland circulation must 
be prepaid by adhesive stamp or stamped wrapper. The 



POSTAL ARRANGEMENTS. 67 

prepaid rate for a packet containing two or more newspapers 
is one halfpenny for each newspaper ; or if under two ounces, 
then at the book -rate of one halfpenny for every two ounces, 
or fraction of two ounces. The newspaper must be folded so 
that its title can be inspected, must contain no enclosure ex- 
cept its supplement, nor any writing except the address. A 
tick, however, may be made to call attention to any part of 
its contents. 

Newspapers for the United States or abroad must be 
posted within seven days of publication. The rates for eight 
ounces and under are given above. 

Postal Cards are available solely for transmission be- 
tween places in the United Kingdom. Nothing may be 
attached. If the card be folded, cut, or otherwise altered, it 
will be charged on delivery as an insufficiently-paid letter. 
The cards are sold in packets only, at sixpence halfpenny 
per dozen. 

Book Post : The prepaid postage for a packet of books, 
paper, printed matter, manuscript, circulars, or photographs, 
including binding and mounting, is one halfpenny for every 
2 oz. or fraction of that weight. No book-packet may con- 
tain any thing sealed, or otherwise closed against inspection. 
Any such prohibited enclosure will be taken out, and for- 
warded to the address on the packet, charged with postage 
as an unpaid letter ; and the remainder of the packet, if duly 
prepaid, will be forwarded to its address. There must be no 
letter, nor any communication of the nature of a letter, writ- 
ten on any part of a book-packet or its cover. If this rule 
be infringed, the entire packet will be treated as a letter. 
Entries, however, stating to whom a book is given, or by 
whom sent, are not regarded as a letter ; and, in order to 
secure the return of book-packets which cannot be delivered, 
the name and address of the sender should be printed or 
written on the top, at the left hand, and outside the packet. 
Newspapers and such documents as are allowed to pass at the 
book-rate of postage, must, in order to secure that privilege, 
be sent either entirely open, or in wrappers open at the ends, 
so as to admit of the contents being readily removed for in- 
spection. If wrappers be used, it is not enough that they be 
partly, but they must be entirely, open at the ends ; and the 
privilege of transmission at the low rate of postage applica- 
ble to printed matter is forfeited by any packet the contents 
of which are in any way fastened to the cover, or the cover 
of which cannot from any cause be withdrawn without dim- 



68 LONDON DIRECTORY. 

culty. A string to confine separate MSS. is not considered 
an invasion of this rule. The privilege is similarly forfeited 
by circulars, &c, sent without covers, if they are fastened 
at some point by means of gum, wafers, seals, or even post- 
age labels. No packet of " printed matter of any kind" 
must exceed five pounds in weight, or eighteen inches in 
length, or six inches in depth, or nine inches in width. An 
infringement of any of these rules will cause the packet to 
be treated as an unpaid letter. The rates to the United 
States are given above. 

Pattern Post : The regulations in regard to these are 
similar to those above given in respect to Inland Book Post. 
In no case will any thing likely to injure other letters, &c, 
be forwarded. The articles must be so packed as to be 
readily examined. Limits of weight vary ; and articles of 
intrinsic value are not admitted to the United States, as be- 
ing liable to customs dues. 

London District Post : It may facilitate letters ad- 
dressed to persons living within London if Americans will 
bear in mind that London called the metropolis is divided 
into eight districts ; viz., the Eastern Central (E.C.), the 
Eastern (E.), Northern (N.), North-western (N.W.), South- 
eastern (S.E.), South-western (S.W.), Western (W.), West- 
ern Central (W.C.). The use of the initials at the bottom 
of the address facilitates the delivery of letters, &c. In the 
E.C., or city districts, — that is to say, within Temple Bar, — 
there are twelve deliveries daily ; within the town districts — 
that is, three miles of the general post-office — there are 
eleven. The suburban districts have six deliveries daily. 
Inland and many colonial and foreign mails are delivered 
at from 7.30 to '9.30, a.m. The times for despatch, &c, of 
letters between the districts for London letters, are generally 
exhibited in the windows of the local offices and their 
branches. On Sunday, letters can only be posted at the head 
office of the district and at the pillar posts, the branch offices 
being closed. In the Central districts, on week-days, letters 
for the country and abroad must be posted before 6, p.m. ; an 
earlier hour being fixed in suburban places. Letters for the 
morning mails may be posted until 5.30, a.m., in London ; and 
from 3.30 to 5.00, a.m., in the town and suburban districts. 

Registration of Letters : The fee for registration, in 
addition to the ordinary postage, is fourpence for a letter, 
newspaper, book, or other packet, to any place within the 
United Kingdom or the Colonies. The registration and 



POSTAL AND CABLE TELEGRAMS. 69 

postage fee must be prepaid, if inland, by stamps ; but if for 
abroad, either by money or stamps. If letters enclosing coin 
are sent unregistered, they will be charged on delivery with a 
double registration-fee, viz., eightpence; and may, on press of 
business, be delayed in delivery. 



POSTAL TELEGRAMS AND CABLE TELEGRAMS. 

The Atlantic Telegraphs. — In June, 1873, another 
submarine cable was laid between England and the United 
States, making a total of four which have been successfully 
laid, and are really at work. The rates for cable telegrams to 
the United States are as follows : To New York, Boston, 
and New-England States generally, 4s. per word ; to Phila- 
delphia, Baltimore, Washington, 4s. 3d. per word; to St. 
Louis and Chicago, 4s. 9c?. per word ; to San Francisco, 
5s. 3d. (address and signature included). 

The Post-Office Department collects and delivers mes- 
sages throughout the United Kingdom for the Submarine 
Telegraph Company, the Anglo-American Telegraph Com- 
pany, the French Atlantic Telegraph Company, The Indo- 
European Telegraph Company, the Falmouth, Malta, and 
Gibraltar Telegraph Company, and the Great Northern Tel- 
egraph Company; and there are offices for the receipt of 
such messages in nearly all the principal thoroughfares in 
London. 

Tariff. — The charge for the transmission of messages 
by telegraph throughout the United Kingdom is Is. for the 
first twenty words, and 3d. for each additional five words or 
part of five words. The names and addresses of the sender 
and receiver are not charged for. 

Telegrams may be repeated at the request of the sender, 
if he desires to adopt this extra security against risk of 
error, by being sent back from the office at which they are 
received to the office from which they are forwarded. The 
charge for repetition is one-half the ordinary tarilf, fractions 
of 3d. being reckoned as 2d. 

The cost of a reply to a telegram may be prepaid. 

Copies of a telegram directed to more than one firm or 
person in the same free delivery will be delivered sepa- 
rately at an additional charge of 3d. per copy. 



70 LONDON DIRECTORY. 

Telegrams may be re-directed from town to town at an 
extra charge of one-half the ordinary tariff, fractions of 3d. 
being reckoned as 2d. 

All numbers, and fractions of numbers, must be written in 
words, and will be charged for accordingly. For example, 
"365" should be written " three hundred and sixty-Jive" and, 
when so written, will be charged for as five words ; and " | " 
should be written u three-eighths ," and, when so written, will 
be charged as two words. 

Porterage is charged only when the addressee does not re- 
side within one mile of the terminal telegraph-office. 

The Central Station — open day and night, Sundays and 
week-days, throughout the year — of the whole telegraph 
system of the United Kingdom is in the handsome edifice 
opposite the General Post-office in St. Martins-le-Grand, 
which we strongly advise the stranger to see before leaving 
London. 

The following are the most important collecting offices in 
the London districts, ranged in order of importance : — 

In the East Central, or city proper, the Stock Exchange, 
Fenchurch Street, Gresham House, Leadenhall Street, Corn- 
hill, and Lothbury offices ; in the West Central or Charing 
Cross District, the West Strand, West Central District, 
Somerset House, and Covent Garden Market offices; in the 
Western, or Regent Street District, the Piccadilly Circus, 
Western District, and Paddington offices ; in the South- 
western, or Pall Mall District, the St. James Street, Parlia- 
ment Street, and Knightsbridge offices ; in the South-eastern 
District, the Borough and Crystal Palace offices ; in the 
Eastern District, the Aldgate, Shoreditch, and St. Cather- 
ine's Dock offices ; in the North-western, the Euston and 
Camden Road offices; and, in the Northern, the King's Cross 
and the Cattle Market offices. An application to a police- 
man, however, will* always insure attention, and he will 
readily point the way to the nearest office for receiving tele- 
grams. All railroad-stations have telegraph-offices. 

Visitors will find that they can procure blank postal- 
telegraph forms at all hotels in London, and elsewhere in 
England, on application at the office. The message may, of 
course, be sent by one of the porters of the hotel, obviating 
the inconvenience of attending at the telegraph-office in 
person. 



SUBMARINE TELEGRAPH COMPANY. 71 



SUBMARINE TELEGRAPH COMPANY. 

Head office, 58 Tlireadneedle Street, City. Open day and 
night. 

International service between London and the Continent. 



Charge for twenty words, including address 

Austria 6s. Od, 

Belgium 2 6 

Denmark ... - 5 

France 3 4 

Germany 6 

Greece 10 

Holland 3 9 



Italy 7s. Qd. 

Norway- 5 

Portugal 8 

Russia 10 

Spain 7 

Sweden 7 

Switzerland 5 10 



Turkey. 



Difference of Time between London and the follow- 
ing cities : — 

When it is noon in London, it is 

lh. 35m. 18s. afternoon at Athens. 



12 


17 


49 


" at Brussels. 


12 


53 


58 


" at Berlin. 


1 


56 


19 


" at Constantinople 


12 


50 


43 


" at Copenhagen. 


12 


24 


59 


" at Geneva. 


11 


23 


49 


morning at Lisbon. 


5 


24 


2 


" at Mexico. 


11 


45 


40 


" at Madrid. 


7 


4 


23 


" at New York. 


12 


50 


12 


afternoon at Rome.. 


1 


12 


38 


" at Stockholm. 


2 


1 


37 


" at St. Petersburg. 



LONDON DIRECTORY. 



RACES DURING THE SUMMER SEASON NEAR LONDON. 

Following is a calendar of some of the principal Race 
Meetings to be held during this summer within easy reach 
of London. They are set down here merely to afford oppor- 
tunity to a stranger for seeing England's " national sport " 
on English ground, if there should be the inclination. The 
Derby — " the Isthmian Games of England " — is one of the 
sights of the world. A writer in a London evening paper, 
" The Globe," says of it, that it is literally the truth to say, 
that the race is a sort of London and All-England picnic. 
" Thousands attend it for the simple purpose of being pres- 
ent at a wonderful fair, and of realizing a scene which they 
have read of in books, and gazed at in pictures, and have 
even witnessed caricatured in theatres. The abundant lite- 
rature which has instructed us so persistently in the more 
quaint and suggestive elements of the gathering has forced 
an almost universal enthusiasm and curiosity on every class, 
except the very poorest, in connection with the contest on 
the Downs. And, as a rule, the Derby does not, weather 
permitting, disappoint expectation. . . . The real Derby 
is, on the whole, strangely like the Derby of books and 
of newspapers. This- is the very first sensation felt by a 
spectator who sees a Derby for the first time. It is an ex- 
perience certainly worth realizing ; and not one of the least 
striking or stirring emotions developed by it in a new-comer 
is the odd familiarity of the pageant to his mind, and the 
sharp distinct fashion in which his imaginary conceptions 
of the scene, both personal and borrowed, are brought before 
him in a concrete, visible shape." 

Ascot, or, as it is termed, " Royal Ascot," should be vis- 
ited, if possible, though for different reasons to those which 
would take a man on to Epsom Downs. Ascot Course, on 
the Cup-Day, receives the very cream of English society. 
The royal family are present in state ; and there is a gather- 
ing of notabilities such as are only to be seen once in a year, 
or perhaps in a lifetime. A drive by the road is a delicious 
outing for those fond of English scenery ; and is not very 
expensive, compared with what would be charged for the 
luxury of a twenty-miles' drive in America. Goodwood, 
too, should tempt the stranger. It is one of the prettiest 
race - grounds in England, planted in the midst of most 
charming scenery, at the bottom of a valley overlooked by 



RACES NEAR LONDON. 73 

the famous country-seat of the Duke of Richmond. Chi- 
chester is the nearest railroad-station, and a cathedral-town 
worth visiting, — to be reached easily, it may be noted, from 
Victoria Station, Pimlico. Ascot is on a direct line of rail- 
way from Waterloo Bridge : the same may be said of Epsom. 
But, for the latter races, hire a seat on a four-in-hand, and 
go down by road, if possible. 

May. 

5th. Newmarket. Excellent for sport. 
12th. Chester. 

19th. Newmarket. " " 

26th. Bath. Very beautiful city and country. 
27th. Wye. Pretty country town, near Canterbury (for 
Cathedral). 

June. 
2d. Epsom Races begin. Off-day. 
3d. Derby Day. The great carnival. 
4th. Epsom. Off-day. 
5th. The Oaks. A great event. 
11th. Croydon. Pretty country. 
16th. Ascot. Scenery lovely. 

18th. " Race for the Gold Cup (the grand day). 

23d. Windsor. Good, and charming scenery. 
25th. Hampton. Well worth attending. 

July. 
7th. Newmarket. Excellent. 

14th. West Drayton. Country well worth going to see. 
28th. Goodwood. The Cup-Day. 

August. 

3d. Croydon. Well worth going to. 

4th. Brighton. Excellent. 

7th. Lewes. Pretty scenery. 

11th. Egham. Pretty scenery. 

25th. Oxford. Good. 

27th. Reading. Good. 

September. 

1st. Sutton Park, near Birmingham. 

3d. Canterbury. Very good. 
8th. Richmond. Excellent for an outing. 
8th. Warwick. Well worth attending. 
22d. Hendon. Pretty country. 



74 LONDON DIRECTORY. 



LONDON CHURCHES, WITH TIMES OF SERVICE. 

The following are the churches in London which attract 
some of the largest congregations ; doubtless, among other 
reasons, because of the fame or eloquence of the preachers 
occupying the pulpit. As a rule, morning service com- 
mences at 11, afternoon at 3, and evening at 7, at all 
churches in London. 

. Westminster Abbey. — 10, a.m. (generally one of the 
canons preaches) ; 3, p.m., almost always the dean, Dr. 
Arthur Penrhyn Stanley, from May until the end of July. 
It would be well for persons desirous of securing seats in the 
choir, where the service takes place, to reach the Abbey at the 
opening of the doors, half an hour at least before the service 
begins. On Sunday evenings, during the summer months, 
special services are held in the nave, which attract very 
large congregations. 

St. Paul's Cathedral. — 9.45, a.m., when it is usual for 
one of the canons to preach, — Drs. Gregory, Liddon, Light- 
foot, or Claughton ; 3.15, p.m., when the dean, Dr. Church, 
preaches ; and 7, p.m., special services under the dome. 

Temple Church, Fleet Street. — 11, a.m., when the Rev. 
Dr. Vaughan, Master of the Temple, officiates ; and 3, p.m. 
preacher, the Rev. Alfred Ainger, the Reader at the Temple. 
This little church is one of the most famous in the world. 
It was built 1185, in the times of the Crusades. Applica- 
tion must be made to what is termed a Bencher for admis- 
sion to the service on Sundays ; but no doubt an application 
to the Rev. the Master, by letter, would secure a seat to a 
stranger. 

The Chapel Royal, Whitehall, opposite the Horse 
Guards. — Service at 11, a.m., and 3, p.m. The preachers here 
are selected by the Queen, and are always men of eminence 
in the Church. 

Chapel Royal, St. James's Palace. — Service com- 
mences at noon on Sundays. The princes usually attend 
this service. Admission can be had by application at the 
lord-chamberlain's office, St. James's Palace. 

Chapel Royal, Savoy, in the Strand, within a stone's- 
throw of AVaterloo Bridge. — Sendee at 11, a.m., when the 
preacher is usually the Rev. Henry White, chaplain to the 
House of Commons ; and at 7, p.m. 

St. James's Church, Piccadilly, very near to Regent 



LONDON CHURCHES. 75 

Street. — Services, 11, a.m, 3, p.m., and 7, p.m. The Rev. J. E. 
Kempe is the rector, and usually preaches in the morning. 

All Saints', Margaret Street, near to the Langham 
Hotel. — Services at 11, a.m., 3, p.m., and 7, p.m. The most 
beautiful of the modern London churches. The services are 
extremely "ritualistic." 

St. Andrew's, Wells Street, Oxford Street. — Services at 
11, a.m., 3 and 7, p.m. ; also very " High Church ; " but the 
music is possibly the finest to be heard in any London church 
outside of a cathedral. 

St. Alban's, Brooke Street, Holborn. — A very famous 
modern church, of which the Rev. Mr. Maconechy is rector. 
Services (extreme ritualist) at 11, a.m., 3 and 7, p.m. 

The Foundling, Foundling Hospital, Guilford Street, 
Russell Square. — Services at 11, a.m., and 3, p.m. The sing- 
ing by the children is beautiful in the extreme. 

St. Bartholomew's, West Smithfield, near to St. Bar- 
tholomew's Hospital. — The oldest church of " Old London," 
and the scene of the Smithfield martyrdoms. Built 1102. 
Services at 11, a.m., 3 and 7, p.m. 

Christ Church, Newgate Street, in the city. — The boys 
of Christ's Hospital (Charles Lamb's old school) attend the 
services at 11, a.m., and 3, p.m. Singing very good. 

St. Martin-in-the-Fields, Trafalgar Square. — A grand 
old church, the burial-place of several eminent persons. 
Services at 11, a.m., -3 and 7, p.m. 

Mr. Spurgeon's Tabernacle, Newington Butts. — The 
best way to get there is by any omnibus passing over West- 
minster Bridge. About twenty minutes' ride. Services at 
10.45, a.m., and 6.30, p.m. 

Scotch Church, Drury Lane. — Rev. Dr. Gumming 
(author of "The Coming Struggle"). The services com- 
mence at 11, a.m., and 7, p.m. 

The stranger will find it interesting to visit some of the 
quaint old chapels of the Inns of Court. The services are 
choral, and the preachers are eminent divines. Those 
chapels are* as follows : — 

The Rolls Chapel, Chancery Lane. — Service at 

11, A.M. 

Lincoln's Inn Chapel, Chancery Lane. — Services at 11, 
a.m., and at 3, p.m. 

Gray's Inn Chapel, at the top of Chancery Lane. — Ser- 
vices at 11, a.m., and at 3, p.m. 

'.' Unorthodox London " is well represented by eloquent 



76 



LONDON DIRECTORY. 



preachers every Sunday in some of the larger halls, — such as 
St. James's, Regent Street ; Exeter, in the Strand ; and St. 
George's Hall, Langham Place. The third column of the 
first page of " The London Times " usually announces the 
names of the preachers every preceding Saturday. 

The following may be found interesting in studying 
church architecture in London and elsewhere in England : — 

STYLES OF ENGLISH ARCHITECTURE. 



Name. 



Prevailed. 



Characteristics. 



Norman 

Transition. . 
Early English 

Transition.. 

Decorated.... 

Transition. . 

Perpendicular 

Tudor 

Jacobean 



1066 to 1154 
1154 to 1189 
1189 to 1272 
1272 to 1307 

1307 to 1377 

1377 to 1399 

1399 to 1547 

1550 to 1600 
1603 to 1641 



Round-headed doorways and windows, 
heavy pillars, and zigzag ornaments. 

Same, but with pointed windows. 

Narrow-pointed windows, usually plain; 
clustered pillars. 

Tracery introduced into windows. 

Geometrical tracery in windows, enriched 
doorways, beautifully arranged mould- 
ings. 

Lines not quite so flowing. 

Upright lines of mouldings in windows and 
doorways ; combination of square heads 
with pointed mouldings. 

A debased species of Perpendicular, mostly 
employed in domestic architecture. 

An admixture of Classical with all kinds of 
Gothic or Pointed. 



GARDENS. 



Botanic, Regent's Park. — Accessible by orders from Fel- 
lows only, which may usually be had by a civil application 
to the secretary of the society, stating the fact that it is an 
American lady or gentleman who applies. Open daily and 
on Sundays. 

Cremorne, Chelsea. — Daily during the summer. Ad- 
mission, Is. A very pleasant way of getting to this spot is 
by steamboat from Westminster Bridge. Fare, 3c/. 

Horticultural, South Kensington. — Accessible by 
order from Fellows. Daily, except Sundays, by payment at 
the gates. Free on Aug. 26, Prince Consort's birthday, 
and on certain other days during the summer. 

Kew, Botanical. — Accessible by railway, omnibus, and 



LONDON HOSPITALS. 11 

steamboat, at a cost of 6d. to Is. Open from 1 till sunset on 
week-days, and 2 to dusk on Sundays. Free. Palace by 
order. The most direct way of getting here is from the 
Waterloo Bridge Station of the London and South-western 
Railway. 

North Woolwich, north bank of the Thames. — Varied 
entertainments ; fine esplanade. Access by rail and steam- 
boat, 4rf. and 6d. 

People's, Willesden. — Admission daily, by introduction 
of shareholder. 

Rosherville Gardens, near Gravesend. — Access by 
railway and steamboat. Fare by boat, Is., during summer 
season, from Westminster Bridge. 

Temple Gardens. — Quite worth a casual visit when 
walking down Fleet Street. Entrance by passing through 
the Temple. 

Zoological Gardens, Regent's Park. — Admission on 
Monday, Or/. ; the rest of the week, Is. The band of one of 
the cavalry regiments stationed in London plays on Satur- 
day afternoons. Admittance may be had to these beautiful 
gardens on Sundays, when all the fashionable world of Lon- 
don go there. Admission on Sunday by order from a Fellow 
of the Society. _ 



LONDON HOSPITALS. 

St. Bartholomew's Hospital, West Smithfield. — 
Ordinary cases admitted from 9 to 10 daily ; accidents at all 
times. Visiting-days : Sundays, 2 to 3 ; Tuesdays and Fri- 
days, 3 to 4, p.m. Clerk, W. H. Cross, Esq. 

St. Thomas's, Albert Embankment. — Out-patients daily 
at 11, a.m. ; accidents and urgent cases at all times. Visit- 
ing-days : Sundays, Tuesdays, and Fridays, from 3 to 5. A 
Samaritan Society for relief of the poor is attached to the 
hospital. Steward, F. Walker, Esq. 

Guy's, St. Thomas's Street, Borough. — Accidents and 
urgent cases at all times, day and night. Taking-in day, 
Wednesdays, at 10.30. Secretary, M. Shattock, Esq. 

London, Whitechapel Road. — Medical cases every day, 
except Sundays ; surgical cases daily, except Wednesdays 
and Sundays. Out-patients, ophthalmic, Wednesdays and 
Saturdays ; aural, Saturdays ; skin, Wednesdays, from 8.30 



78 LONDON DIRECTORY. 

to 9.30, a.m. Visiting-days : Tuesdays, Fridays, and Sun- 
days, from 3 to 5. Assistant Secretary, Mr. M. A. G. Snell- 
grove. 

Middlesex, Charlotte Street. — Urgent cases at all times ; 
out-patients, with a Governor's letter, must apply before 11, 
a.m. Resident Medical Officer, R. H. Lucas, Esq. Secre- 
tary and Superintendent, R. H. Lucas, Esq. 

Westminster, near Westminster Abbey. — Urgent cases 
at all times ; out-patients, with Governor's letter, apply on 
Tuesdays, at 12 o'clock. Visiting-days : Sundays, between 2 
and 4 ; and Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, between 3 
and 4, p.m. Secretary, F. J. AYilson, Esq. 

University College, or North Loxdon, Gower Street. 
— In-patients daily, at 11, a.m. ; out-patients daily, at 1 
o'clock ; midwifery cases, Mondays and Thursdays, at 1 
o'clock ; dental cases, Wednesdays, at 10, a.m. ; eye, Mon- 
days, Wednesdays, and Fridays, at 1 o'clock. Resident 
Medical Officer, W. Rigden, Esq. Secretary, IT. J. Kelly, 
Esq., R.N. 

King's College, Portugal Street, Lincoln's-Inn-Fields. — 
Urgent cases at all times ; out-patients daily, at 1, p.m. 
Secretary, J. W. Waldron, Esq. Steward, Mr. D. G. Gray. 

Charing Cross, Agar Street, Strand. — Urgent cases at 
all times ; others at 12.30 on Wednesdays ; out-patients 
seen daily, at 12.30. Visiting-days : Tuesdays, Thursdays, 
and Sundays, 3 to 4. Secretary, H. Woolcott, Esq. 

Royal Free, Gray's-Inn-Road. Open at all times for 
accidents, &c. 

St. George's, Hyde Park Corner. — Open at all times for 
accidents. 

St. Mary's, Cambridge Place, Paddington, W. — In- 
patients, by letter of recommendation, on Fridays, at 1 
o'clock ; urgent cases at all times ; out-patients daily at 1. 
Visiting-days : Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Sundays, from 3 
to 4. Secretary, J. G. Wilkinson, Esq. 

All the above have medical'schools attached to them ; but 
it should be understood that they by no means represent the 
actual number of hospitals provided for the sick poor in 
London. There are a great many others for the treatment 
of special diseases. The foregoing are selected as the largest 
and chief medical schools of the metropolis. 



MUSEUMS. 79 



MUSEUMS. 

British, Bloomsbury. — National collections of objects ol 
natural history, sculpture, &c. Entirely free. Open Mon- 
day, Wednesday, and Friday, from 10, and on Saturdays 
from 12 till dusk. To view the magnificent reading-room, 
apply in the Great Hall. 

Bethnal Green. — In the east of London. A branch of 
South Kensington Museum, specially organized for the 
poorer classes of London's citizens. Collection of pictures 
and art objects, animal products, food, &c. Most interest- 
ing. Open under same regulations as South Kensington 
Museum, for which see below. 

College of Surgeons, Lincoln's-Inn-Fields. — Admis- 
sion to the museum only by order of members of the College. 
first four days of the week, from 12 to 5, in summer ; and 
from 12 to 4, October to March. 

Practical Geology, Jermyn Street, Piccadilly. — Open 
every day but Friday ; free from 10 to 5. Closed from 10th 
of August to 10th of September. 

India, New India Office, Charles Street, St. James's 
Park. — Free on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, and Satur- 
day, from 12 to 5. 

Kensington, South. — Free Mondays, Tuesdays, and 
Saturdays, from 10 to 10 ; on other days, from 10 to (3, on 
payment of 6d. See " Public Exhibitions of Paintings." 

Soane's, Sir John, Lincoln's-Inn-Fields. — Hogarth's 
paintings and other art treasures. Open from February to 
August inclusive on Wednesdays, and every Thursday and 
Friday in April, May, and June, from 10 to 4. Apply to 
Curator, by letter, for an order. 

Linn^ean Museum, Burlington House, Piccadilly. — 
Natural history. Free by order from Secretary. 

Royal Institution, Albemarle Street, Piccadilly. Min- 
erals. By order. 

Society of Arts, John Street, Adelphi. — Paintings by 
Barry, in the great hall. Free on application. 

Royal Society, Burlington House, Piccadilly. — General 
Museum. Free. 

United Service Institution, Whitehall Yard. — Naval 
and military museum. Admission free, on application to 
the Secretary. 



80 LONDON DIRECTORY. 



MUSIC HALLS, ETC. 

The Oxford, near corner of Oxford Street and Totten- 
ham Court Road. — Miscellaneous entertainments nightly. 
Admission, Is. 

London Pavilion, Haymarket. — New programme of 
miscellaneous entertainments each night. Admission, Is. 

Canterbury Hall, Westminster Bridge Road. — Mis- 
cellaneous entertainments. Admission, 1$. 

Metropolitan Music Hall, Edgware Road. — Ballet 
and miscellaneous entertainment. Admission, Is. 

Evans's, Covent Garden. — Open every evening at 8. 
Excellent for suppers after the opera and theatres. 

The Argyll Rooms, Haymarket. — Open for dancing 
every evening at 8.30. Admission, Is. 

South London Palace, Lambeth Road. — Ballet, &c. 
Admission, Is. 



PLACES AND SIGHTS WHICH MUST BE SEEN BY A 
STRANGER BEFORE LEAVING LONDON. 

The Tower of London. — The crown jewels, armories, 
&c. Admission by fee of Qd. to see the armories and the 
Beauchamp Tower, and Qd. to the jewel house. Daily, 
except Sundays, from 10 to 4. 

The best way of getting to the Tower, and the one least 
likely to cause trouble or annoyance, is by cab. The fare 
from Charing Cross is 2s. See Appendix, Tower of London. 

Westminster Abbey, near the Houses of Parliament 
and Westminster Bridge. — Free to the chief parts of the 
building ; to other parts by fee of 6c/. No fee on Mondays 
from 11 till 2.30, p.m. Daily service is performed in the 
Abbey chorally. See Churches, also Appendix, Westminster 
Abbey. 

St. Paul's Cathedral. — The masterpiece of Sir Chris- 
topher Wren. Splendid architecture, whispering-gallery, 
cross and ball, monuments to famous men. Nave and 
transepts free; choir closed except during divine sendee. 
Whispering-gallery, 6c?. ; ball, Is. 6^/. ; clock, bell, library, 
and staircase, 6c?. ; crypt, 6c?. See Churches. 

British Museum, Bloomsbury. — See Museums, also Ap- 
pendix, British Museum. 



PLACES AND SIGHTS. 81 

National Gallery, Trafalgar Square. — See Public Ex- 
hibitions of Paintings. 

Houses of Parliament, near Westminster Bridge. — 
Admission on Saturdays free, by order of the lord-cham- 
berlain, obtained at a neighboring office, for which ask a 
policeman on duty; also during the hearing of appeals in 
the House of Lords. Admission to the Strangers' Gallery, 
by member's order only, obtained through the embassy. 

House of Commons. — This branch of the British Legis- 
lature used to sit in St. Stephen's Chapel until the year 
183-1, when that building was destroyed by fire. St. Ste- 
phen's Hall now occupies the site of the former House of 
Commons. The original basement-story of St. Stephen's 
Chapel still exists in the ancient crypt of St. Stephen's, 
which has been superbly embellished, and restored for use as 
the Palace Chapel. The representatives of the people of 
the United Kingdom, in February, 1852, first assembled in 
their present chamber, which is not far from the north end 
of the Palace. The Strangers' Gallery, and below it the 
Speaker's Gallery, are placed opposite the speaker's chair, 
and command a full view of the House. Behind the chair 
is a gallery appropriated to the reporters. The side-galle- 
ries were intended to be strictly reserved for members ; but, 
during great debates, peers are tacitly permitted to occupy 
the benches farthest removed from the speaker. Persons 
usually obtain access to the Strangers' Gallery through the 
written order of a member. Admission to the Speaker's 
Gallery is a more coveted privilege ; and this is generally 
effected by a personal application on the part of some mem- 
ber of parliament to the sergeant-at-arms. These two gal- 
leries for nou-members are opened as soon as the speaker 
takes the chair ; but on Budget Nights, and other interesting 
occasions, the candidates for admission to the Strangers' 
Gallery range themselves in St. Stephen's Hall several hours 
before the doors are opened. The House used to adjourn to 
10 o'clock in the morning ; but the practice now is, that, a 
few minutes before 4 o'clock, the speaker takes his seat at 
the table, and the chaplain reads prayers. The Strangers', 
Speaker's, and Reporters' Galleries are then opened; the 
members present are counted ; and, as forty generally attend, 
business begins.* If, after 4 o'clock, there are not forty 
members present when the House is counted, the House is 

* See Appendix, House of Commons. 



82 LONDON DIRECTORY. 

adjourned to the next day at the customary hour. The first 
half -hour is devoted to private business and petitions. At 
half-past four public business begins, when the leading 
members of the Government are expected to be in their 
places to answer the questions of which notice has been 
given. On Wednesdays the House meets at noon, and sits 
till 6, if the orders of the day are not sooner disposed of. 
Towards the latter end of the session, the House not unfre- 
quently holds what are called "-day sittings," in order to 
expedite the bills before it. On these occasions, the speaker 
takes the chair at 12 o'clock : at 4, the sitting is suspended 
until 6, when business is resumed; and the sitting is gene- 
rally continued until after midnight. The House does not 
usually sit on Saturday. Peers and distinguished foreigners 
are accommodated with seats below the bar. The foreign 
ministers usually sit in the gallery opposite the speaker, 
which is also resorted to by members of the other House of 
Parliament. 

House of Lords. — The Strangers' Gallery, as in the 
Commons, is not opened till after prayers. Their lordships 
frequently sit during the day as a court of appeal ; but do 
not usually assemble in their legislative capacity until 5 
in the afternoon, unless upon the opening or closing of the 
session, which generally takes place at 2 o'clock ; or when 
the royal assent is to be given to bills by commission, on 
which occasion their lordships meet earlier than the custom- 
ary hour ; but for this purpose no precise time has been 
established by usage. While sitting in their judicial capa- 
city, the House, like other courts of justice, is open to the 
public. 

Westminster Hall, adjacent to the Houses of Parlia- 
ment. — Free. Contains Courts of Chancery, Queen's Bench, 
Common Pleas, and Exchequer. One of the largest and 
oldest buildings in the kingdom. A point should be made 
of entering one of the courts of law to watch the proceed- 
ings. See Appendix, Westminster Hall. N.B. — Do not 
leave before seeing St. Stephen's Crypt, under the House 
of Commons. 

Bank of England. — The business portion free. The 
private portions, as the safes, printing machinery, only by 
order of a governor; 10 till 4. See Appendix, Bank of 
England. 

South Kensington Museum. — See Public Exhibitions. 

International Exhibition, South Kensington. — See 
Public Exhibitions. 



PLACES AND SIGHTS. 83 

St. James's Park and Palace, foot of Pall Mall. — None 
of the apartments are to be seen. At 11 every morning 
a color-guard of one of the regiments of Guards mounts in 
the Palace yard. The ceremony is interesting, and the mili- 
tary music always exceedingly good. 

Marlborough House. — Residence of the Prince of 
Wales, east end of St. James's Palace. The red brick house 
adjoining. 

Lambeth Palace. — The official residence of the Arch- 
bishop of Canterbury, on south bank of Thames, Lambeth. 
Library, &c. ; free, by order from the archbishop. Better 
take steamboat from foot of Westminster Bridge to Lam- 
beth, Id. 

Apsley House. — The residence of the Duke of Welling- 
ton, corner of Piccadilly and Hyde Park. May be viewed 
by permission. 

Rotten Row and Hyde Park. — Be sure to go there 
between 12 and 2, or 5 and 7, during May, June, or July. 

Kensington Gardens (the Albert Memorial). — A con- 
tinuation of Hyde Park. The Memorial is one of the most 
costly and grand monuments in London. 

Kensington Palace (private) and Gardens. — Free 
every day. At the West of Hyde Park. 

Buckingham Palace, west end of St. James's Park. — Ad- 
mision, in the absence of Royalty, by special order only of 
the lord-chamberlain, which it is very difficult to procure. 

Clubs in Pall Mall. — Admission obtained through a 
member's order. The Carlton (with the large and massive 
polished granite columns), the Junior Carlton (opposite), the 
Reform, the Army and Navy, the Athenseum, and the United 
Service, are large and elegant buildings, and well worth 
seeing. See Appendix, London Clubs. 

Government Offices. — Magnificent new Home, Colo- 
nial, Foreign, and India offices, Downing Street and St. 
James's Park; Admiralty, Horse Guards, Treasury, &c. In- 
terior free, by order from heads of departments. A w T alk 
past Whitehall, on the right-hand side from Charing Cross, 
will enable the visitor to take in all the above buildings ; 
passing the Admiralty first, Paymaster-General's next, Horse 
Guards next, and so on. 

Whitehall, opposite Horse Guards. — Erected by Inigo 
Jones ; intended for a banqueting-house, now used as the 
Chapel Royal. King Charles I. was beheaded in front of it. 
See Churches. 



84 LONDON DIRECTORY. 

Inns of Court, the abode of the practisers of the law. — 
The chief are the Temple, in Fleet Street ; Lincoln's Inn, 
between Chancery Lane and Lincoln 's-Lin-Fields; Gray's 
Inn, north of Holborn ; and New Inn, Wych Street. The 
halls and chapels are very interesting in most of the Inns. 
The Temple Church open to strangers from 10 to 12, and 
from 1 to 4; service daily at 10, a.m., and on Sundays at 
11, a.m., and 3, p.m. See Churches and Appendix, Inns of 
Court. 

The Guildhall, in King Street, City. — The most inter- 
esting and grandest civic hall in the kingdom. The library 
is especially fine. Strangers are received with the greatest 
courtesy by the officials in charge, and every part of this fine 
old building may be seen. Ask for the Council Chamber. 

Mansion House, City. — The official residence of the 
lord-mayor. The Egyptian hall and ball-room are the chief 
attractions. Admission by order and a small fee. 

Times Printing Office, Printing House Square, Black- 
friars Road. — From 11 to 1, by order only from the editor. 

Christ's Hospital (Elia's old school), Newgate Street, 
City. — Do not fail to visit this wonderful relic of the mo- 
nastic institutions of Old England. The hall is one of the 
finest in London, and the cloisters are especially interesting. 
St. Bartholomew's Hospital, close by. See Churches. Ap- 
pendix, Christ's Hospital. 

Royal Exchange, Cornhill. — Free. Statue of Queen 
inside, Wellington in front, Peabody behind, and Queen 
Elizabeth, Sir Thomas Gresham, and others, on the walls 
of the building. 'Change, the busy time, from 3 to 4, p.m. 

Post Office, St. Martin 's-le- Grand, — Should be visited 
a little before 6, p.m., when the business of letter-posting is 
greatest. Make a special point of visiting the Central Tele- 
graph Office, opposite. 

Monuments. — Albert, South Kensington ; finest in the 
country. London, to commemorate great fire, near London 
Bridge; fine views of the city; admission 3c?. Duke of 
York, St. James's Park; view of Park and West End ; ad- 
mission, 6c/. Nelson's, Trafalgar Square. Guards, Water- 
loo Place. Crimean, Broad Sanctuary, Westminster. 

Docks. — St. Katharine's, London, East and West India, 
Commercial, Victoria, &c. All accessible by steamboat or 
railway at about 4of. Wine-tasting orders may be obtained 
through the leading wine-merchants ; otherwise, free. 

Law Courts. — In Westminster Hall are the courts of 



SUGGESTIONS. 



85 



Chancery, Queen's Bench, Common Pleas, Exchequer, &c. ; 
in Lincoln's Inn, Chancery and Vice-Chancery^ourts. Courts 
of law and equity are also held at Guildhall in the city. 
Central Criminal Court, Old Bailey. 

Markets. — ►Metropolitan Meat Market, Smithfield : to 
see the market, go early on a Monday morning. Leadenhall 
Market (poultry). Billingsgate (fish), Thames Street. Co- 
lumbia, near Shoreditch Church. Covent Garden (fruit, 
flowers, &c.) : go on a Saturday morning early. Farringdon, 
Borough, and Spitalfields (vegetables, &c). Cattle Market 
and Abattoirs, Caledonian Road. Foreign Cattle Market, 
Deptford. 

Statues. — • Equestrian statue of the Duke of Wellington, 
on the Arch opposite Apsley House ; Charles I., Charing 
Cross ; Peel, Cheapside ; Albert, Holborn Circus ; Guards' 
Memorial, Pall Mall ; Cobden, High Street, Camden Town ; 
Peabody, William IV., and others, in city and West End. 



SUGGESTIONS FOR SEEING THE FOREGOING. 

Before setting out for a day's sight-seeing in London, it 
would be very advisable for the stranger to consult his map 
for a moment, and take, let us say, a " district " for the day. 
Thus the following places (a), lying within a half-mile 
radius of each other, might very well be set down for one 
day; and the other places, if convenient, in groups as 
follows : — 



A. 1. Westminster Abbey. 

2. Westminster Hall. 

3. Houses of Parliament. 

4. Whitehall. 

Th'e Government of- 
fices, to be seen as 
suggested above. 

B. 1. St. Paul's Cathedral. 

2. Christ's Hospital. 

3. Guildhall. 

4. Tower of London. 

5. Post - Office (on the 

way back). 



If possible, on a Saturday; 
the Houses of Lords and 
Commons being open to the 
public on that day only. 



The first two are within 
five minutes' walk of each 
other ; the third, about a hun- 
* dred yards from the second. 
The Tower is a one-shilling 
cab-fare from Guildhall. 



86 



LONDON DIRECTORY. 



C. 1. The National Gallery. 

2. The British Museum. 

3. The Polytechnic In- 

stitution. 

4. The Clubs. 

5. St. James's Park. 



Take a yellow omnibus at 
the church at corner of Traf- 
■ algar Square, and ask to be 
set down at British Museum. 
The remaining two on the 
way home, or in the evening. 



D. 1. The South Kensing- 
ton Museum. 

2. The National Portrait 

Gallery. 

3. The International Ex- 

hibition. 

4. The Horticultural 

Gardens. 

5. The Albert Memorial. 
Hyde Park, if not too 

tired. {Rotten Row 
from 5 to 7, p. m.) 



Ask for nearest Metropoli- 
tan Railway Station, and take 

•■ ticket to South Kensington. 

' Each place is within stone 's- 
throw of the other. 



B. 1. The Royal Academy, 
Burlington House. 

2. The Dore Gallery, 35 

New Bond Street. 

3. Buckingham Palace. 

4. Crystal Palace at Syd- 

enham. 



The Academy opens at 8, 
a.m. Walk down Piccadilly, 
across Park, to the Palace, 
and ask for Victoria Railroad 
Station for the Crystal Palace. 



F. {Steamboat at foot of West- 
minster Bridge for 
view of Thames, 
Docks, and Shipping; 
and for) 

1. Greenwich, Painted 

Hall, Nelson relics, 
&c. 

2. Woolwich Arsenal, 

Artillery, &c. 

3. London Bridge (land 

on way back) for 

4. Royal Exchange. 

5. Bank of England. 

6. Mansion House. 



Fares, 6d and 3d. 



SUGGESTIONS. 



G. 1. Zoological Gardens, 
Regent's Park. 

2. Madame Tussaud's 

Waxworks. 

3. Regent Street and the 

shops, about 4 in 
the afternoon. 



Take omnibus marked 
"City Atlas" at corner of Re- 
gent's Circus, Piccadilly, for 
Regent's Park. Mad. Tus- 
saud's on way back. 



H. 1. Lambeth Palace. 

2. Kew Gardens. 

3. Richmond. 



Take steamboat from foot 
of Westminster Bridge for 
Lambeth. On leaving Palace, 
ask for Vauxhall Bridge Rail- 
road Station, and take ticket 
for Kew or Richmond, where 
dine. 



I. 1. Temple Bar. 

2. The Temple, Hall, and 

Church. 

3. Lincoln's Inn. 

4. Gray's Inn. 

5. Holborn Viaduct, &c. 

6. Newgate, and the 

Strand, home. 

K. 1. Windsor Castle. 
2. Virginia Water. 
(Tickets to be had at 
Colnaghi, Publisher, 
13 Pall Mall.) 



L. 1. Hampton Court 
the Palace. 
2. Gardens, &c. &c. 



and 



From Waterloo Bridge 
Railroad Station to Windsor. 
Take Return-Ticket. 



Rail from Waterloo Bridge. 
Return-Ticket. 



These groups will furnish the tourist with a pretty gen- 
eral idea of how he should set about sight-seeing in London 
so as to economize time and money. Many of the places 
here set down are, of course, worth whole days of study ; but 
they have been grouped together so as to bring them within 
a day's not too tedious work. 



88 LONDON DIRECTORY. 



PRIVATE COLLECTIONS OF PAINTINGS. 

Only to be seen by special permission of the owners, 
which may generally be had upon courteous application by 
letter. 

Bridgewater Gallery, St. James's. 

Grosvenor Gallery (the Marquis of Westminster's), 
Upper Grosvenor Street. By tickets, in May, June, and 
July. 

Duke of Sutherland's Pictures by Murillo, Van Dyck, 
and P. Delaroche, Stafford House, St. James's Palace. 

Duke of Bedford's Dutch Pictures, 6 Belgrave Square. 

The Correggio (Christ in the Garden), and other pic- 
tures, at Apsley House, the residence of the Duke of Wel- 
lington. 

The Van Dyck Portraits and Sketches (en grisaille), 
fine Canaletti (View of Whitehall), at Montague House. 

Lady Garvagh's Raphael, the Aldobrandini Ma- 
donna, 26 Portman Square. 

Duke of Grafton's Van Dyck, of Charles I. standing 
by his horse, at 47 Clarges Street, Piccadilly. 

Earl de Grey's Collection, by Van Dyck, in St. 
James's Square. 

Lord Lansdowne's Collection, Lansdowne House. 

The Duke of Devonshire's Gallery, Devonshire 
House, Piccadilly. 

Lord Ashburton's Collection, at Bath House, Picca- 
dilly. 

Marquis of Hertford's Collection, 'Hertford House, 
Manchester Square. 

Baron Rothschild's Murillo (Infant Saviour), at Gun- 
nersbury, five miles from Hyde Park Corner. 

Mr. R. S. Holford's Collection, at Dorchester House, 
Park Lane. 



PUBLIC EXHIBITIONS. 



PUBLIC EXHIBITIONS OF PAINTINGS, ETC. 

Academy Royal, Burlington House, Piccadilly. — Exhi- 
bition of modern paintings by the Royal Academicians and 
eminent painters, thirteen weeks from first Monday in May, 
from 8, a.m., to 7, p.m. Admission Is. ; catalogue Is. Ameri- 
cans in London during the time this exhibition is open to 
the public would do well to make a point of seeing it. The 
collection of paintings embraces works of art from all the 
most celebrated painters in the United Kingdom. Beyond 
this, Burlington House itself is quite worth a visit. 

National Gallery, Trafalgar Square. — The National 
Collection of Great Britain, comprising paintings from some 
of the most famous of the old masters, many of which have 
been purchased by the nation at fabulous sums. Open 
Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, and Saturday, from 10 to 6. 
Closed entirely during October. Admission free. 

South Kensington Museum. — Collection of art treas- 
ures, manufactures, useful arts, paintings, inventions. Pos- 
sibly the most interesting exhibition, taken as a whole, 
in London. The tourist must not neglect to spend, if 
possible, one whole day at this charming institution. Be- 
yond a most interesting and priceless collection of art treas- 
ures, here are original paintings of Landseer, Rosa Bon- 
heur, David Wilkie, Maclise, Frith (the celebrated Derby 
Day), Lance, and a whole host of other great artists, and the 
well-known paintings of the Vernon Gallery. Lvery con- 
venience is to be found. An admirable and exquisitely deco- 
rated suite of dining-rooms, where meals may be had at 
most reasonable prices, and well served ; and there can be 
no hesitation about saying that the South Kensington Mu- 
seum is one of the most delightful resorts, both for the stu- 
dent and sight-seer, to be found anywhere in London. Free 
Mondays, Tuesdays, and Saturdays, from 10, a.m., to 10, p.m. ; 
on other days from 10, a.m., to 6, p.m., on payment of six- 
pence. 

The courts and corridors' of South Kensington are full of 
work, and much of it very beautiful work, well worth care- 
ful inspection, done by the students, either during their 
course of study or after it, when they have been engaged at 
good wages to design and model, to paint on porcelain, wood, 
or other material. With a few exceptions, all the decora- 
tive art at South Kensington has been or is being done, by 



90 LONDON DIRECTORY. 

the students. In the refreshment-rooms, the South Court, 
and on the staircases, there are pillars, panels, and ceilings 
which may claim a visitor's attention equally with the con- 
tents of the Museum. In the Competition Gallery the upper 
part of the wall is decorated with lunettes, some of which are 
after designs by Yeames, Marks, Leslie, Pickersgill ; and 
others by Messrs. Godfrey Sykes and Moody, two of the 
most distinguished students the School of Art has produced ; 
while the reproduction in full size of all the designs is the 
work of the students. These panels, in the actual beauty 
of the figures, as well as in the excellence of the execution, 
are real works of high art. The decoration of the arches 
over the gallery of the South Court, and of the north stair- 
case windows and ceiling, is home-made. The figures in 
mosaic on the walls of the South Court were most of them 
executed by the female students, and some of them designed 
by the male. The decoration of two of the three refresh- 
ment-rooms is the product of the schools ; the designs on the 
panels of the grill-room having been done in small by Mr. 
Poynter, and enlarged by the students. 

National Portrait Gallery. — A branch of the above 
institution at South Kensington, open free on Mondays, 
Tuesdays, and Saturdays, as above ; on other days, on pay- 
ment of sixpence. The National Portrait Gallery originated 
with the late Lord Derby, who advised a collection of 
historical portraits, which, when chronologically arranged, 
" might not only possess great historical interest by bringing 
together portraits of all the most eminent contemporaries of 
their respective eras, but might serve also to illustrate the 
progress and condition at various periods of British art." 
The gallery contains about three hundred and fifty portraits, 
the earliest of which is an old panel picture of Henry IV. 
(born 13G6; died 1413). Admission free. 

International Exhibition, South Kensington. — With- 
in five minutes' walk of either of the above institutions. 
This is another exhibition which must be visited by the 
American tourist. Admission Is. Wednesdays, 2s. Qd. 

The three divisions of the South Kensington International 
Exhibition of 1874 will consist of, — 



I. — FINE ARTS. Fine Arts applied, or not applied, to 
Works of Utility. 
There will be an exhibition of the works of deceased 
artists in 1874. 



PUBLIC EXHIBITIONS. 91 

n. — MANUFACTURES. Machinery and Processes as 
follows : — 

Lace, Hand, and Machine Made. 

Civil Engineering, Architectural, and Building Contrivances 
and Tests. 

a. Civil Engineering, and Building Construction. 

b. Sanitary Apparatus and Constructions. 

c. Cement and Plaster Work, &c. 
Leather, including Saddlery a?id Harness. 

a. Leather, and Manufactures of Leather. 

b. Saddlery and Harness. 
Bookbinding of all kinds. 
Heating by all methods. 
Machinery in general for the group. 

Paw materials used for all the above-mentioned ob- 
jects. 

ILL — RECENT SCIENTIFIC INVENTIONS AND NEW 
DISCOVERIES OF ALL KINDS. 

TV. — FOREIGN WINES. 

Any modifications which may have been found necessary 
will be found duly announced in the daily press. 

Art Exhibitions. — The daily papers will always adver- 
tise the principal collections on view during the summer 
season in London. The usual period for the best to be 
opened is between May and the end of August ; and they are 
as follows : — 

Society of British Artists, Suffolk -Street, Charing 
Cross. 

The British Institution, Pall Mall. 

Society of Painters in Water Colors, Pall Mall, East. 

Institute of Painters in Water Colors, Pall Mall. 

The Dore Gallery, 35 New Bond Street. — " Genius 
of the most comprehensive, the boldest, and the loftiest type, 
is the verdict that must be passed by the most hypercritical 
beholder of the few pictures which make up the Dore Gal- 
lery in Bond Street. We say few, in the comparative sense 
of numbers, when contrasting it with other exhibitions ; but 
when we examine the vast execution of these paintings, and 
consider, besides, the vast amount of smaller and desultory 
undertakings in the way of engraving and book-illustration 
which the artist has effected, we are led to marvel at the in- 
dustry as well as power he possesses. In half a dozen of 
these oil paintings there is enough to stamp the reputation 
of a life ; nay, in even one there is such a world of wealth, 
s-uch a prodigality of art, that a painter might reasonably say, 



92 LONDON DIRECTORY. 

" I have succeeded ; I have done enough." To the student 
and the lover of pictorial art, more genuine enjoyment is to 
be found in the contemplation of this limited collection than 
in wearily travelling over acres of gaudily-covered canvas 
on the walls of an annual exhibition. There the eye pauses 
only occasionally on a production of true genius, gulfed in a 
maze of mediocrity: here the superabundance of power 
almost dazzles : the spectator and he reverts from one pic- 
ture to another, taking in fresh points of beauty and excel- 
lence at every glance." — London Examiner. 



PUBLIC EXHIBITIONS. 

Crystal Palace, Sydenham. — Access by several lines 
of railroad from Victoria Station, Charing Cross, Waterloo 
Bridge, and London Bridge, and all the principal stations 
of the Metropolitan Railroad. Admission, including first- 
class return-ticket by • rail, 2s. M. on every day but Satur- 
day, when the single admission to the Palace is 5s. 

The Crystal Palace is now an established institution in 
England. It belongs to every class; and all can enjoy them- 
selves within its delightful precincts just as the humor suits. 
Throughout its vast extent the keenest point of individual 
satisfaction can be realized, and at a cost that suits the 
humblest resources. It is undoubtedly the cheeriest place 
of popular resort about London ; and the managers, from 
their tact, skill, and variety of enterprises, are well entitled 
to that commendation which an appreciative public are not 
chary to bestow. In all seasons, the Crystal Palace affords 
a genial welcome to every description of comer. The gar- 
dens in which the building stands, the scenery which sur- 
rounds them, the grand system of fountains (second only 
to those of Versailles), offer, without any exception what- 
ever, the most charming attractions to the strangers to be 
found anywhere inside or outside of London. The Satur- 
day-afternoon Concerts and the Flower Shows, during the 
summer season, attract the very elite of London fashionable 
society ; and the displays of fireworks on special occasions 
are exceptionally grand. It may be mentioned, that, for 
dinner-giving, the Crystal Palace is one of the most popu- 
lar resorts near London. 

One of the chief attractions of the place is the Aquarium. 



SUBURBAN RESORTS. 93 

The tanks are well filled with a representative British 
fauna ; and the arrangement is thoughtful and systematic, 
and such as enables even a casual visitor, hand-book in hand, 
, to.gain, in passing from tank to tank, a very large amount 
of knowledge with wonderful ease and jxleasure. 

N.B. — In going by rail, be sure to ask for First-class Re- 
turn, and Admission to the Palace. 

Alexandra Park, Muswell Hill. — This extensive park 
offers many attractions, and abounds in beautiful scenery. 
See Appendix, Suburban Resorts. 

Madame Tussaud's Wax-work, 58 Baker Street, Port- 
man Square. — Latest additions, portrait models of Marshal 
MacMahon (President of the French Republic), and the 
distinguished novelist, the late Mr. Charles Dickens. Ad- 
mission, Is. ; children under ten, 6c/. ; extra rooms, Qd. 
Open from 10, a.m. till 10, p.m. 

Polytechnic Institution, 309 Regent Street. — Admis- 
sion Is. Variety of entertainments, scientific, musical, and 
general. Open from 12 to 5, and 7 till 10, daily. 



SUBURBAN RESORTS. 



Much frequented by Londoners during the summer 
months, and to which the tourist should, if possible, pay a 
visit, if only to make himself acquainted with the manners 
and customs of Londoners " out for the day," and how they 
manage to get a great deal of real enjoyment out of the ex- 
penditure of very little money. 

Broxbourne in Hertfordshire. — On the Great Eastern 
Railway. Fine gardens, boating, fishing, amusements, &c. 
Close to the scene of the Rye-House Plot. Fare, by railway, 
Is. and upwards. 

Dulwich. — By railway or omnibus, fare Qd. Fine gal- 
lery of paintings at the college, free. Ride outside an omni- 
bus, and get a glimpse of South London streets. 

Erith. — By Gravesend boats or North Kent Railway, 
Charing Cross. Garden. Regattas in the summer. 

Gravesend. — Access from London by steamboat (30 
miles), and railway from Charing Cross. Fares, Is. to Is. Qd. 
Windmill Hill, Springhead Gardens, Cobham Park, fine 
views of the Thames (here a mile wide), shipping, sea-water 
bathing. Near are Rosherville Gardens, admission Qd. Op- 



94 LONDON DIRECTORY. 

posite is Tilbury Fort. By going to Gravesend by steamboat, 
a fine view of the Thames, Docks, &c., may be had. 

Greenwich. — The Naval Hospital, commonly known as 
Greenwich Hospital, the Painted Hall, Nelson's Relics, &c, 
the Observatory, Park, Blackheath. Fare, 4td. from Char- 
ing Cross, by boat or railway ; tramway from Blackf riars 
Bridge. 

Hampstead Heath. — Fine view of London. Access by 
railway and omnibus. Fare, 6cl. Well worth a visit. 

Hampton Court. — Built by Cardinal Wolsey ; 13 miles 
from London. Railway fare, Is. from Waterloo Bridge Sta- 
tion. Steamboats, with beautiful view of river, in summer. 
Gardens and splendid gallery of pictures, free daily (in- 
cluding Sunday), 2 to 4 winter, 2 to 6 summer, except 
Friday, from 10 till dusk. It would be well to try the trip 
by steamboat, if the day be fine, from foot of Westminster 
Bridge. Kew Gardens not a great way off. 

Harrow. — Great public school. View from churchyard. 
Access by rail, Is. 

Epping Forest, Loughton, Buckhurst Hill, &c, on 
Great Eastern Railway. — Fare, Is. Beautiful forest-scenery. 
A favorite resort for picnic-parties, and what are called, by 
the London artisan and his better half, " bean-feasts." 

Moulsey, near Hampton Court. — Fine view of the 
Thames, boating, and fishing. Rail from Waterloo Bridge. 

Richmond. — The Park and adjacent villages, &c, — as 
Twickenham, Sheen, Mortlake, Teddington, Thames Dit- 
ton, Pope's Villa, Strawberry Hill, — afford views of some of 
the most lovely scenery to be found in any part of England. 
The stranger to London must not leave it without going to 
Richmond. The best way of getting there is by rail from 
Waterloo Bridge ; or a very enjoyable but somewhat long 
ride may be had " outside " an omnibus, starting from the 
White Horse Cellar, Piccadilly, every half-hour or hour. 
Dine at Richmond at the Star and Garter, and don't omit to 
eat a " Maid of Honor." 

Windsor. — Twenty-two miles from London by South- 
western (Waterloo Bridge), North London, or Great 
Western Railways. Castle, in the absence of the Queen, 
free four days a week. Eton College, and, close by, Runny- 
mede, celebrated in connection with Magna Charta. See 
appendix, Windsor Castle. 

Woolwich. — Extensive barracks for artillery. The 
Arsenal, by order only, on Tuesdays and Fridays. 



THEATRES. 95 



THEATRES: PRICES OF ADMISSION, AND LOCALITIES. 

Doors open generally at 6.30, p.m., performances com- 
mencing at 7 ; except in the case of the Royal Italian Operas 
at Covent Garden and Drury Lane, where 8 is the usual 
hour for the doors being opened, and 8.30 for the perform- 
ances to commence. 

Drury Lane. — Drama, and, in May and June, opera, &c. 
Private boxes from 1 to 4 guineas each; stalls, 7s.; 
dress circle, 5s. ; first circle, 4s. ; balcony, 3s. ; pit, 2s. ; lower 
gallery, Is. ; upper gallery, 6c?. During the season of opera, 
the prices are considerably higher. 

Haymarket. — Private boxes, 42s., 31s. 6c?. ; orchestra 
stalls, 7s. ; dress boxes, 5s. ; upper boxes, 3s. and 2s. ; pit and 
amphitheatre, 2s. ; gallery, Is. Half-price at 9, p.m. 

Adelphi, Strand. — Pit and dress-circle boxes, for six, 
52s. 6c? ; first circle, for six, 42s. ; family boxes, for four, 
21.s. ; orchestra, single, 6s.; balcony, 5s.; first circle, 3s. ; 
pit, 2s. ; amphitheatre, Is. ; gallery, 6c?. 

Princess's, Oxford Street, five minutes' walk from 
Regent Street. — Private boxes, from 21s. to 73s. 6c?. ; stalls, 
7s. ; dress circle, 4s. ; pit stalls, 2s. ; pit, Is. 6c?. ; amphi- 
theatre, Is. ; gallery, 6c?. 

St. James's, King Street, St. James's. — Dramatic and 
opera seasons. Boxes, 31s. 6c?. to 5 guineas ; orchestra stalls, 
7s. ; dress circle, 5s. ; family circle, 2s. 6c?. ; amphitheatre, 
Is. ; no pit. 

Queen's, Long Acre, near Covent Garden. — Private 
boxes, 31s. 6c/., 42s., 52s. 6c?. ; orchestra, 7s. 6c?. ; balcony, 
4s. ; upper circle, 2s. ; pit, 2s. ; amphitheatre, Is. ; gal- 
lery, 6c?. 

Royalty, Dean Street, Soho. — Private boxes, 42s., 
52s. 6c?. ; stalls, 7s. ; dress circle, 4s. ; boxes, 2s. ; pit, Is. 6c?. ; 
gallery, 6c?. 

Gaiety, Strand. — Opera, farce, and burlesque. Private 
boxes, from 21s. ; orchestra stalls, 7s. ; balcony stalls, 5s. ; 
upper boxes, 3s. ; pit, 2s. ; amphitheatre, Is. ; gallery, 6d. 

Lyceum, Wellington Street, Strand. — Drama. Private 
boxes, 31s. 6c?., 42s., 63s. ; stalls, 7s. ; dress circle, 5s. ; boxes, 
3s. ; pit, 2s. ; gallery, Is. 

Globe, Newcastle Street, Strand. — Comedy, &c. Private 
boxes, from 1 to 3 guineas ; stalls, 7s. ; dress circle, 5s. ; 
upper boxes, 3s. ; pit, 2s. ; gallery, 6d. 



96 LONDON DIRECTORY. 

Olympic, Wych Street, Drury Lane. — Private boxes, 
91s. to 52s. Gd. ; stalls, 65. ; dress circle, 4s. ; boxes, 4s. ; pit, 
2s. ; amphitheatre, Is. ; gallery, Gd. 

Opera Comique, 299 Strand. — Private boxes, from 1 
to 3 guineas ; orchestra stalls, 7s. ; balcony stalls, 5s. ; upper 
circle, 3s. ; amphitheatre stalls, 2s. ; gallery, Is. 

Strand, a few doors east of Somerset House. — Various, 
burlesque and farce. Private boxes, 31s. Qd. and 42s. ; 
stalls, 7s. ; dress circle, 4s. ; boxes, 3s. ; pit, 2s. ; gallery, Gd. 

Philharmonic, Islington Green. — Opera, burlesque, 
ballet, &c. ; 5s., 3s., 2s., Is. Qd. 

Prince of Wales's, Tottenham Court Road. — Stalls, 
7s. Gd. ; dress circle, 5s. ; boxes, 4s. ; upper circle, 3s. ; pit, 
2s. Gd. ; amphitheatre, Is. 

Court, Sloane Square. — Private boxes, 1 to 3 guineas ; 
stalls, 7s. Gd. ; dress circle, 5s. ; boxes, 3s. ; pit, 2s. ; amphi- 
theatre, Is. 6c/. ; first gallery, Is. ; second gallery, Gd. 

Vaudeville, Strand. — Comedy and burlesque. Private 
boxes, 42s. ; stalls, 7s. ; balcony stalls, 5s/; boxes, 3s. ; upper 
circle, 2s. ; pit, 2s. ; gallery, Gd. 

Holborn. — Private boxes, 21s., 42s., 63s., 84s. ; stalls, 
10s. Gd. ; dress circle, 5s. ; boxes, 3s. Gd. ; pit, 2s. ; gal- 
lery, Is. 

Surrey, Blackfriars Road. — Melodrama, farce, &c. 
Stalls, 3s. ; dress circle, 2s. ; upper boxes, Is. Gd. ; pit, Is. ; 
gallery, Gd. 

Charing Cross, King William Street. — Stalls, 7s. ; 
boxes, 5s. ; pit, 2s. 

Astley's (now Sanger's), Westminster Bridge Road. — 
Circus, &c. Stalls, 5s. ; private boxes, 21s. and upwards ; 
lower boxes, 3s. ; upper boxes, Is. Qd. ; pit, Is. ; gallery, Qd. 

Hengler's Circus, Palais Royal, Argyll Street. — Horse- 
manship, &c. ; 5s., 4s., 3s., 2s., Is., and Gd. 

Alhambra, Leicester Square. — Farce, ballet, and bur- 
lesque. Boxes, 21s. to 42s., 6s., 5s., 3s., 2s., Is. 6c/. 

It is usual, during the months of May, June, and July, to appear in full 
dress (especially where ladies are concerned) in the stalls and boxes of the 
best London theatres. In visiting the Royal Italian Opera, either at Cevint 
Garden or Drury Lane, full dress" is absolutely necessary both for gentle- 
men and ladies. 

The daily papers always give the performances for each evening, together 
with the hours at which they commence. The time is liable to be changed 
during the continuance of the London season, from May to August. 



APPENDIX. 



97 



INTRODUCTION. 



The Editor has endeavored, in this portion of his book, 
to awaken an interest in a place or event, not by giving a 
detailed account of objects apparent to the eye, and which 
an ordinary amount of thought, or reading at home, or a 
word of inquiry, should enable a person to distinguish at 
once, and to connect with this circumstance in a man's life, 
or that event in history, but by writing a short general 
sketch of the chief points of interest in and near London, 
leaving the reader to fill in whatever blanks are left for 
himself. " If you are not a thinking man, to what purpose 
are you a man at all?" asks Coleridge. Judge for your- 
selves with the objects before you; think, and then go home 
to learn and to venerate, and to improve the heart and the 
understanding both, by studying history. 

There are few things so exhilarating to the spirits, espe- 
cially in the season of ardent and buoyant youth, as the first 
visit to a foreign land. Amongst things purely pleasurable, 
it is, perhaps, one of the most unalloyed gratifications which 
occur in the course of a lifetime. Like all other pleasures, 
however, it may be made, according as we use it, a source 
of present vanity and future regret ; • or, on the other hand, 
of lasting and solid improvement. 

It is to be hoped that few persons undertake a journey to 
London — that city, taken altogether, perhaps the most 
wonderful in the world, and possessing some of the world's 
rarest historic treasures — for the sole purpose of gratifying 
an idle curiosity, and seeking mere temporary amusement. 
We should set out with an intention of profiting to the 
utmost by the visit, both physically and mentally, and of 
laying up such a treasury of thought as shall serve us in 
good stead, and j>rove an inexhaustible source of pleasure 
by and by, when the days come creeping on for counting up 
the pleasures of a lifetime. 



100 APPENDIX. 

Where is the profit in that modern abomination known as 
"doing" such and such a place? 

" Have you been in London ? " we asked of a man the 
other day. 

"Been in London ? Why, I staid there three weeks ! " 
" Did you see any thing in that time ? " ■'_ 
" < Did ' the place thoroughly, my dear sir." 
And how dangerous is the little learning that man pos- 
sesses ! — nay, how worthless it is ! He has been to the 
Tower of London, of course. For the life of him, though, 
he couldn't discourse upon the trifling facts of history con- 
nected with 

" That gate misnamed, through which before 
Went Sidney, Russell, Raleigh, Cranmer, More." 

Your modern traveller in London walks through corridors 
of the Houses of Parliament. He stays to admire the 
beautiful frescoes which adorn their walls. One especially 
attracts his attention: it is Speaker Lenthall claiming, 
privilege for the Commons when Charles attempted to seize 
the five members. You question him upon that most im- 
portant passage in the life of Charles the First. What does 
he know about it ? What does he care to know ? Yet it 
was one of the most important events in parliamentary 
history; and that was the one most serious error of Charles's 
life, when he went on his bootless errand to the House of 
Commons in quest of the five members. It was then that 
Speaker Lenthall, making way for him in the chair, spoke 
those memorable words which live in history: "I have 
neither eyes to see, nor tongue to speak, in this place, but as 
the House is pleased to direct me, whose servant I am here." 
The Commons claimed "privilege;" and the King perforce 
granted it, though signing his own death-warrant the while. 
By accident, your modern tourist drops into the chapel of 
the Foundling Hospital for service on a Sunday. He hears 
the rich tones of a magnificent organ, which he is told was 
the gift of the great Handel; which was erected, in fact, 
under his immediate supervision. " Oh ! " he says, and 
passes out, not caring to inquire what Avere the circum- 
stances which led to the gift being made, or how it was that 
Handel became connected with this hospital for foundlings 
in London. Yet Handel, if we mistake not, wrote his glori- 
ous oratorio, " The Messiah," for that institution. He played 
it time and time again upon the chapel organ. And we 



INTRODUCTION. 101 

believe that he presented its copyright to the governors, and 
by that means became one of the greatest benefactors the 
institution has known. Look, too, at that wonderful little 
church in the Temple : we mean the Temple off Fleet Street. 
Have any of us who have passed it by, and who have stood 
to gaze at the quaint little structure planted in the midst of 
Old London, the least conception of the enormous wealth of 
history that lies buried within its walls ? Do we even know 
why the place where it stands is called the Temple ? 

The best of all ways, good reader, for seeing London, is 
through the light of history. 

Most of the sketches which appear here have been con- 
densed from articles written by the Editor, and published 
from time to time in " Appleton's Journal," " Hearth and 
Home," and "The Boston Commercial Bulletin;" and the 
present opportunity is taken for thanking the proprietors of 
those journals for permitting the republication of the articles 
in this form. 



APPENDIX. 



THE BANK OF ENGLAND. 

The Bank of England was the first joint-stock bank 
established in England ; and having exclusive privileges in 
the capital of England, granted by royal charter, it continued 
the only joint-stock bank in London until 1834. At this 
date the London and Westminster Bank was founded, and 
proceeded so successfully, that it was quickly followed by 
the formation of the London Joint-Stock Bank and the 
Union 'Bank of London. Some of the privileges claimed by 
the Bank of England, in opposition to the new banks, were 
found, after litigation, to be untenable. The Old Lady of 
Threadneedle Street was born A.D. 1694, in the reign of good 
King William of pious and immortal memory, — that King 
William whose memory gentlemen of Orange-loving ten- 
dencies most fondly cherish. She was an especial favorite 
of this good king ; adopted his Whig principles ; and duti- 
fully acted a daughter's part in supplying him with cash 
when he was righting the cause of civil and religious free- 
dom, much to the disgust, be it said, of his own loving sub- 
jects on foreign soil. It was not until the middle of the 
last century that the Bank of England dropped many of 
her aristocratic ideas, and began really to facilitate banking. 
Hitherto that money-bringing occupation had been confined 
entirely to the goldsmiths, who lent the money lodged in 
their hands for security to government and individuals. 

In the course of time, business came to be transacted in 
houses given up wholly to banking, and nothing else ; and it 
is this which has made the Bank of England what it now 
is, — so important an institution in London city circles. All 
the London banks keep their principal reserves on deposit 
at the Bank. The London bill-brokers do the same. In 

103 



104 APPENDIX. 

fact, it is the Bank of England which keeps Lombard Street 
going. All the spare money of Scotch and Irish and coun- 
try banks finds its way to Threadneedle Street ; and, since 
the Franco-German war, there has been an increase in 
the Bank's liabilities. As has been somewhere observed, 
the Bank of England may, indeed, be said to keep the Euro- 
pean reserve also. Formerly there were two such stores in 
Europe, — the Bank of England and the Bank of France ; 
but, since the suspension of specie payments by the Bank of 
France, its use as a reserve of specie is at an end. Accord- 
ingly, London has become the great settling-house of ex- 
change transactions in Europe. 

These increased responsibilities do not, however, seem to 
have brought to the Bank of England much increase of 
profits. In 1844 the dividend on the bank stock was seven 
per cent, and the price 212. The dividend is nine now, and 
the stock sells at 232 ; an increase by no means commensu- 
rate with the profits made by other London joint-stock 
banks. Take the London and Westminster, for instance, 
where the shares, in addition to one hundred per cent of the 
capital, have risen from twenty-seven to sixty-six, and the 
dividend from six to twenty per cent. 

The most material duties of the Bank of England seem 
to be, first, the management of the national debt of the 
United Kingdom ; secondly, the issue of bank-notes ; thirdly, 
discount and private banking. The whole amount of the 
national debt of Great Britain is close upon $3,466,773,790, 
the dividends of which are paid at the Bank of England 
half-yearly. For looking after this little matter of three 
billion odd dollars, the government pays one million dollars ; 
and the Old Lady, in connection with the same, keeps the 
accounts of nearly 240,000 persons, who hold that debt as 
stock. Department No. 2 relates to the issue of notes. Ac- 
cording to the last half-year's return, the amount of all bank- 
notes of every description in circulation in England, Scotland, 
and Ireland, was about 8217,500,000 worth. Of the gold which 
the Bank of England receives in exchange for its notes, it is 
permitted to invest as much as $75,000,000 in government 
securities, and to receive the benefit of the interest, which is 
three per cent, the rest of the gold being kept in reserve in 
its cellars ; and it would be easy to see on any day of the 
week sacks full of it, so heavy as to be drawn about the 
floor in little wagons. 

No. 3 department of the Bank of England is very impor- 



THE BANK OF ENGLAND. 105 

taut, — perhaps the most important of all. The whole of the 
income of the United Kingdom finds its way into the coffers 
of the Old Lady at the rate of $6,500,000 a week ; and the 
deposits of private customers amount to about $140,000,000 
more. 

In another way, also, the Bank of England .is serviceable 
to the country to a very large extent. All the balances 
daily at the clearing-house between banker and banker are 
settled by check on the great bank ; and in this way the 
year before accounts, to the amount of $29,467,230,000, were 
settled. It is calculated that the amount of gold and silver 
in circulation in Great Britain is represented by about $500,- 
000,000 of American money. 

The management of the Bank of England is vested in a 
board of twenty-four directors, a governor, and a deputy- 
governor. Nominally, the election of the directors is in the 
hands of the stockholders ; virtually, they are self -elected. In 
theory, a certain portion retire annually; but, if the board 
recommends it, they are re-elected. The elder members of 
the board, those who have passed the chair, constitute an 
important body, called the Committee of Treasury, which 
settles many vital questions affecting the money-market. It 
may be mentioned that the qualification for governor is 
$20,000 worth of stock; deputy-governor, $15,000 worth; 
and director, $10,000 worth. 

In the Bank of England upwards of a thousand persons 
are employed, the salaries and wages of whom amount to 
nearly $1,300,000 a year, besides pensions to superannuated 
officers of about $175,000. The clerks are, as a rule, an 
obliging, gentlemanly lot of men, not perhaps overworked, 
but performing what they do in a trustworthy, careful man- 
ner. Inside the building is a well-filled library for their 
benefit, where they may sit and read, or write, or play chess, 
till seven o'clock, when the subaltern's guard of the Regi- 
ment of Guards stationed in London take possession for the 
night. 

Like nearly all large employers of labor in England, the 
bank directors encourage thrift among their people ; and one 
of the most noteworthy features of the Bank of England is 
its Clerks' Insurance Company. It may be mentioned that 
an examination is requisite for all clerks entering the Bank 
of England's service. 

AVithout staying to describe all the departments comprised 
in the Old Lady's establishment at Threadneedle Street, 



106 APPENDIX. 

some of which are quite worth a long attention, it will be suf- 
ficient to allude to one or two special attractions of the place. 
First of all, the room where the sovereigns are weighed, and 
the bad separated from the good. Here are twelve machines 
of wonderful mechanism, "two of them being for half-sove- 
reigns, and they weigh at the rate of twenty-eight a minute. 
The way of working is somewhat as follows : Three hundred 
sovereigns are placed at once on a slide, as it were, at the 
lower end of which is the weighing and separating apparatus, 
which has two bolts placed at right angles to each other; 
and, on each side of the platform or scale, there is a part cut 
away so as to admit of the bolts striking so far into the in- 
terior as to remove any thing that would nearly fill it. These 
bolts are made to strike at different elevations, the under 
striking a little before the upper one. If the sovereign be 
full weight, the scale remains down ; and then the under 
bolt, which strikes a little before the upper, knocks it off 
into the full-weight box. If the sovereign be light, it rises 
up, and the first bolt strikes under it, and misses it; but the 
higher bolt then strikes, and knocks it off into the light box. 
A very pretty and delicate operation, and difficult to de- 
scribe. 

As regards the light sovereigns, in 'less time than it took 
to write this they are chopped in two by a machine, and sent 
back to the bankers whence they came, to re-appear in a 
short time in the vaults of the Bank of England as "bul- 
lion" to be re-coined. 

In another room, near this weighing-machine room, is the 
treasury, where millions worth of Bank-of -England notes 
are stored in iron safes, with bags full of a thousand sove- 
reigns each, for ready use by the bank as called for. 

Another exceedingly interesting sight at the Old Lady's 
is the bullion-room. Here you may see little bars of gold, 
of the value of $4,000 each, placed on trucks for delivery. 
There is sometimes as much as $400,000 worth of bars on 
each truck, to be gazed at and admired, but not run away with. 
In the same cellar are piles on piles of bags of French and 
Russian coins ; and here, also, may be seen the light coins in 
bagsreturned from the outside bankers. As for bank-notes 
which have been paid, we are afraid to say how many there 
are in the vaults. Seven years they are allowed to accumu- 
late before destruction; and they come in at the rate of 
$230,000 worth a day. Perhaps a reader would like to cal- 
culate what he can see in pounds value. 



THE BRITISH MUSEUM. 107 

No Bank-of -England note ever goes out of the bank par- 
lors when once it has come in. You present a bank-note for 
payment, when the signature is torn off, and your note, with 
the day's accumulations, is tied up in a bundle, to be kept 
for seven years, when the whole are burned, as many as 
are burned corresponding with the numbers that are issued. 
There are 16,500 boxes of paid notes in this chamber, and 
the quantity of notes in them amounts to ninety-three mil- 
lions ; and it has been stated, that, placed flat one upon an- 
other, a million of Bank-of-England notes would reach as 
high as the London Monument. 



THE BRITISH MUSEUM. 

This magnificent building, which contains some of the 
most wonderful ancient sculptures in the world, and price, 
less collections of MSS., prints, and geological, zoological- 
and other curiosities, is situated in Great Kussell Street, 
Bloomsbury. It should be borne in mind, that, the first week 
in May, the Museum is wholly closed for a week ; that it is 
closed for a like period the first week in September ; and 
again, for the same period, in January. 

It is difficult to obtain admission to the reading-room. 
Still it is worth some trouble to do so ; for it happens to be 
unique of its kind, and one of the noblest rooms in the 
world. It stands in the inner quadrangle of the Museum 
itself; was finished at a cost somewhere in the neighborhood 
of $750,000, gold ; and is probably the most ingenious ap- 
plication of glass and iron, for the purposes of economizing 
space and providing effectual accommodation for and suffi- 
cient light to the enormous number of books it contains, that 
was ever invented. It occupies an area of forty-eight thou- 
sand superficial feet, and is circular in form, not occupying 
the whole quadrangle, there being a clear interval of from 
twenty-seven to thirty feet all round, to give light and air to 
the surrounding buildings, and to guard against possible 
destruction by fire from the outer parts of the building. 
The dome of this reading-room, one of the most prominent 
and grandest portions of the British Museum architecturally, 
is a hundred and six feet in height, having a diameter of 
a hundred and forty feet ; in the last dimension being only 



108 APPENDIX. 

inferior to the Pantheon at Rome by two feet. For sake of 
comparison, it may be mentioned that the dome of St. Peter's, 
at Rome, is one hundred and thirty-nine feet ; that of Santa 
Maria, at Florence, being the same ; the dome of St. Paul's 
Cathedral is one hundred and twelve feet in diameter ; that 
of St. Sophia, at Constantinople, being one hundred and 
seven feet ; and of the glorious old church at Darmstadt, one 
hundred and five feet. 

The reading-room itself contains 1,250,000 cubic feet of 
space ; and the surrounding libraries, 750,000. Its shelves 
contain about sixty thousand volumes ; and the building will 
accommodate altogether one million five hundred thousand 
volumes. The building contains three lineal miles of book- 
shelves, eight feet high ; and, assuming them all to be spaced 
for the average octavo book size, the entire ranges form no 
less than twenty-five miles of book-shelves. Assuming, 
again, the shelves to be filled with books of paper of average 
thickness, the leaves, placed edge to edge, would extend 
about twenty-five thousand miles, or more than three times 
the diameter of the globe. Mr. Winter Jones, the present 
distinguished principal librarian of the Museum, in his 
guide to the printed books, dated February, 1858, remarks 
that the library has been twice counted ; the first time on the 
25th of July, 1838, when the number of printed books was 
found to be 235,000 ; and again on the loth of December, 
1849, at which period they had increased to 435,000. They 
are now, he adds, in 1858, about 550,000 ; and the annual 
increase is not less than 20,000. The number of volumes 
now in the library exceeds a million. To obtain the great 
privilege of what is termed a " reader's ticket " of admis- 
sion, which holds good for one year, and may be renewed, the 
applicant must be furnished with a testimonial in the shape 
of a letter from some well-known person, — a member of 
parliament, or clergyman, barrister, or head of some public 
department, — stating that the person making the application 
is well known to the writer, and that he is a fit person to be 
allowed to read in the library. The number of " readers " 
who visit the room annually, armed with such authority, is 
seventy thousand. See Museums. 



BURLINGTON HOUSE. 109 



BURLINGTON HOUSE, PICCADILLY. 

In this noble new building, on the right-hand side of Picca- 
dilly, a few doors east of Bond Street, are to be found the 
rooms of the Royal Academy, — the headquarters of art, — 
and suites of apartments belonging to the six principal 
learned and scientific societies of Great Britain ; viz., the 
Royal Society, the Society of Antiquaries, the Linmean, the 
Geological, the Royal Astronomical, and the Chemical Soci- 
eties. 

The oldest of these learned bodies, having rooms on the 
eastern side of the quadrangle, is the Royal Society, which 
was incorporated by royal charter more than two hundred 
years ago, and had for its first patron Charles II., who ap- 
pears to have found in the experiments of the philosophers 
an agreeable change from the frivolities and dissipation of 
his court, and at whose hands the society received the silver- 
gilt mace which still graces the table of the council-chamber 
at all meetings. This illustrious body numbers some six 
hundred of the foremost scientific men of the day ; and, ever 
since its foundation,, it has been the adviser of the British 
Government on all matters of a scientific nature. - 

The library comprises nearly 35,000 volumes, and is in all 
respects one of the most complete scientific libraries in exist- 
ence. On the side of the quadrangle immediately facing 
the Royal Society are apartments belonging to the Anti- 
quaries, the next to the Royal Society in point of age. It 
was, indeed, originally established in 1572; but it appears to 
have subsequently dissolved. It was not till 1751 that it 
was incorporated by charter ; and about thirty years after- 
wards it was established in free quarters at Somerset House, 
in the Strand, where it remained till its removal to the pres- 
ent elegant suite of rooms in Burlington House. 

The suite devoted to the Geological Society lies between 
the Royal Society and Piccadilly, thus forming the south- 
eastern corner of the block. Besides a library, meeting-room, 
&c, it comprises a small but prettily-decorated museum, 
divided into two parts by an intervening row of oak cases, 
the larger section having two galleries round it. The whole 
is fitted with cases suitable for the reception of objects of 
interest. The Geological Society was established in 1807. 

The Chemical Society are located in the. front of the 
building, between the corner occupied by the geologists and 



110 APPENDIX. 

the central gateway. The accommodation provided here is 
very similar to that elsewhere. Belonging to the society is 
a well-selected chemical library : it is the youngest of the 
six, and was incorporated as recently as the year 1848, and 
numbers now five hundred members. 

The whole of the western front of the new building (the 
part, that is, extending from the central gateway to the west 
corner) is occupied by the Linnsean Society, — a body which 
took its rise as an offshoot of the Royal Society in 1788. It 
has a very valuable library and collection of natural objects, 
for the latter of which a well-appointed herbarium has been 
provided. 

The suite of rooms over the central gateway is, for the 
present, not appropriated. Those set apart for the reception 
of the Royal Astronomical Society lie between the apart- 
ments of the Linnaean Society in front and the Antiquaries 
behind, and on the western side of the quadrangle. 



BUCKINGHAM PALACE. 

During the London season, — in the months of May, June, 
and July, — there is a great deal to be seen of very consider- 
able interest to a stranger, entirely outside of public exhibi- 
tions, art galleries, museums, and so forth. On the 24th of 
May, for instance, the Queen's birthday, there is a review of 
the Brigade of Guards by the commander-in-chief, the 
Prince and Princess of Wales, and other members of the 
royal family, in the parade-ground of the Horse Guards, 
facing St. James's Park. As the day falls on a Sunday this 
year, the review will be held on the 23d. The hour for the 
troops to assemble is 10, a.m. 

There are also certain days set apart during the London 
season, at intervals, say, of two or three weeks, on which the 
Queen formally receives the wives and daughters of the for- 
eign ambassadors and of the ministers and great officers of 
state, such ladies of rank as may desire to be presented to 
her, and others, members of a less pretentious circle of 
society, who may desire to go to the expense of a very elabor- 
ate and costly court dress for the purpose of spending a few 
moments in the glittering presence of royalty. A foreign 
lady obtains the right of entree at these "drawing-rooms," 
as they are called, through the ambassador representing her 



BUCKINGHAM PALACE. Ill 

country at the Court of St. James. All that is required, 
after having enlisted the good offices of the minister, is to 
proceed forthwith to a court milliner and dressmaker, and 
engage her services. Ladies must de rigueur wear plumes, 
lappets, and trains ; and debutantes are always expected to 
wear white dresses ; jewelry, of course, at discretion. It is 
proper, also, to be able to drive to the palace in an imposing 
carriage with imposing coachman and footmen, each of 
whom should be provided with a huge bouquet stuck im- 
posingly in his waistcoat. 

What entitles ladies in England to come before their sove- 
reign is a difficult question to answer. Of course, no one 
of questionable character would, for a moment, knowingly 
be permitted to be present; so that the fact of attending 
these receptions is, with English ladies, a kind of diploma 
of moral respectability. Moreover, it confers upon them the 
right of demanding from an English ambassador resident 
at a foreign court the privilege of presentation to the sove- 
reign to whom he may be accredited, — a matter of some 
social importance to English ladies travelling on the con- 
tinent of Europe. The sight opposite Buckingham Palace on 
these occasions is really worth seeing, and will furnish the 
visitor with a fair idea of the grandness, not to say gaudi- 
ness, of state pageantry as it exists in England. A lady 
writing in "The Queen," the lady's newspaper of England, 
has thus described the scene : — 

" The sight in the Mall and at St. James's Park was really 
worth seeing, what with the carriages and the detachment 
of Scots Fusilier Guards passing to and fro, to say nothing 
of the mounted band in its gold-bedizened uniform. New 
liveries are the general rule on these occasions ; and the bou- 
quets carried by both coachmen and footmen grow larger 
and more imposing each season : these, and a very cursory 
peep of a nodding plume, a pretty face, and a few yards of 
tulle, seemed to give intense satisfaction to hundreds of 
people who lined all the routes to the palace. 

"Reaching the palace-gates, and passing through the 
courtyard, you arrived at a second quadrangle, where from 
beneath a fine portico, the steps covered with crimson cloth. 
you found yourself in the grand entrance-hall, paved with 
variegated marble, and surrounded by columns with impos- 
ing Corinthian capitals. Here the spectacle was, as it always 
is, pretty ; the uniforms, the court dresses, the scarlet coats 
of the servants (all of whom wore the black mourning band 



112 APPENDIX. 

on their arm), and the brilliant dresses sweeping up the 
grand staircase, showed to the best possible advantage ; the 
beef-eaters in their quaint old dress, that has descended to 
them from Bluff Hal's reign, adding not a little to the vista. 
From the top of this staircase you crossed the picture- 
gallery, and then, by slow degrees, made your way through 
a magnificent suite of rooms until you reached the presence- 
chamber ; but in the meanwhile, unless you arrived very late, 
you were pretty sure to have an hour's waiting before you. 
There was plenty to see, however. The suite of rooms is 
very fine (one of the most imposing is the Blue Drawing- 
Room) ; for they are all lined with rich silk damask in lieu 
of paper, and have heavy ornamental ceilings, one mass of 
gilding, gold panellings, gold candelabra, and heavy, costly 
decorations everywhere. In this Blue Room hang full-length 
likenesses of the Prince Consort and the Queen by Winter- 
halter; and in every room are pictures worth seeing, espe- 
cially notable among them some specimens of Dutch art in 
the last room which you enter as you leave the Throne 
Room. 

" The rule is, that, as you arrive, you take up your position 
in the last apartment open ; for, as the rooms fill, the gentle- 
men-at-arms (very imposing, by the by, in their red uniforms 
and high helmets, with long waving plumes) cross their hal- 
berds, and prevent farther progress. For the benefit of 
those about to be presented, on whose account I give so 
many minute details, I may as well say, that, in good truth, 
there is nothing at all formidable in the ceremony, every 
thing is made so easy. The attendants remove your train, 
and arrange it properly on the ground : you have only 
to follow the lady immediately before you, on the edge of 
whose train you will very probably be treading ; and very 
probably, too, you will have an opportunity of seeing her 
presented first. When you find yourself immediately in 
front of the Queen, the lord-chamberlain, who stands next 
her, will take your card from your hand (you must be sure 
to have removed your right-hand glove), and read your 
name, and that of the lady who presents you, to her Majesty. 
You courtesy low, place your ungloved hand under the sove- 
reign's extended before you, bend over it and kiss it, rise, 
and make your reverences to the royal personages beside 
her. It doesn't take half as long to do as I have taken to 
describe it ; and, before you hardly know where you are, your 
train has been replaced on your arm by the royal pages. 



THE CLUBS. 113 

Others will be in front of the Queen ; and the officials will 
first persuasively, then peremptorily, request you to move 
on. People are apt to be frightened by the fact that they 
must walk backwards away from the sovereign, and by no 
means turn their back upon her: but there is no real 
difficulty about it ; for, by the time you have made a few 
steps, the crowd has interposed between you and the royal 
circle, and, nolens volens, you betake yourself to the next 
room, where an occasional glimpse of a feather is about all 
you can see of what is going on in the apartment you have 
just left." 



THE CLUBS. 

Speaking roughly, there is not a single class, profession, 
or trade, in England, but has its representative club-house. 
Take the Church : besides a Clerical Club, there is the 
splendid Senior University, the no less splendid Junior Uni- 
versity, and the fine old Oxford and Cambridge, — all on the 
south side of Pall Mall. The Army : there is probably not 
a more magnificent building in London, as far as outside 
appearance and interior splendor go, than the Army and 
Navy Club, leading into St. James's Square from Pall Mall ; 
add the Senior United Service, the Junior United Service, 
and the Naval and Military (Lord Palmerston's old house in 
Piccadilty), and 3-011 have four palaces which are supported 
by the two combatant services in England. Literature is 
represented by the Athenaeum, Pall Mall ; the Arts, by the 
Garrick, near Covent Garden ; the Law, by the Law Club ; 
the Civil Service, by the elegant Thatched House Club ; 
the Indian Services, by the Oriental and East-India United 
Service in St. James's Square ; the Diplomatic Service, by 
the Travellers in Pall Mall. Then, as far as politics are con- 
cerned, both sides of the House of Commons are represented, 
— the Liberals, by the Reform (south side of Pall Mall) 
and the Junior Reform ; the Conservatives^ by the Carlton 
(south side of Pall Mall), the Junior Carlton, and the 
Conservative in St. James's Street. Trade can boast of two 
club-houses, — the City par excellence, and the Gresham. 
Medicine is well represented in the Medical Club. Country 
squires and county magistrates meet at Arthur's in St. 
James's Street. There is an Engineers' Club, a Farmers' 
Club, a Cobden Club (free-trade), a Public-Schools Club, a 



114 APPENDIX. 

Fox Club (hunting), a Four-in-hand Club, an Alpine Club, 
and some scores of others, which it would be tedious to men- 
tion. " Pooh ! " says the reader ; " mere trumpery affairs, most 
of them ; a first-floor suite of rooms, perhaps ! " Not so, but 
splendid edifices, — whereof there is not the like, as club- 
houses, in any country of the world, — in which all the re- 
quirements of opulent life, all the comforts, nay, the luxu- 
ries, of princely habitations, are combined; where, for a 
moderate annual subscription, a man of character is admit- 
ted into a circle of the very elite of his fellows ; where he 
will find well-selected and extensive libraries, containing 
newspapers and pamphlets from all parts of the world ; 
where, according as his tastes incline, he may amuse him- 
self in saloons devoted to play (billiards and cards), in ele- 
gant libraries devoted to reading, or in drawing-rooms of 
the most splendid description, devoted to conversation ; 
where the man who goes in for good living may drink wine 
of the best, eat food cooked by the most experienced of 
chefs, and be served by the neatest and most attentive of 
waiters ; and where he will be able to receive and enter- 
tain strangers in a manner which it would be impossible for 
him to do at his own home, unless provided with an income 
amounting to that possessed by the richest in the land. A 
walk in Pall Mall will take in most of the clubs. Exter- 
nally these buildings are amongst the most magnificent 
in the great English capital ; while, as far as internal 
splendor is concerned, they throw completely into the shade 
many of the finest residences of leading English noblemen. 
They afford representations, too, of nearly every species of 
architecture ; and although a few are remarkable for incon- 
gruities of taste, and the discordant effects which invariably 
attend attempts to unite different and naturally inharmoni- 
ous schools, they are yet among the most imposing buildings 
in London, and their like cannot be found in any capital 
whatever. 

Though differing considerably in their architectural styles, 
and somewhat in their internal arrangements also, there is 
yet much similarity within the walls of London clubs ; and 
certain features are common to all. Most of them have a 
striking hall, or entrance, access to which is obtained, in 
some instances, at once from the street ; in others through a 
small and comparatively unadorned vestibule, to heighten the 
effect of the interior splendor ; and nearly all can boast a 
grand staircase leading to the drawing-rooms and libraries, 



THE CLUBS. 115 

which, in point of elegance and breadth of way, reminds 
one, and not unworthily, of the glories of the Louvre. As 
3^ou enter, in the vestibule, generally, sits installed a porter, 
in the uniform livery of the club, to take charge of all let- 
ters, &c, for the various members, to answer all inquiries of 
strangers ; and who (a most necessary duty) notes the 
name of each member as he enters or leaves the club-house, 
in order to be able, without hesitation, to say " Yea " or 
il Nay " to the oft-repeated question, " Is Mr. So-and-so with- 
in the club ? " From the interior of the vestibule a small 
waiting-room, furnished with every convenience for writing 
notes and so forth, branches off, which is devoted to the re- 
ception of visitors. 

Each of the London clubs has some little speciality of its 
owti ; and each vies with the other in securing some exclu- 
sive advantage to its members. 

The Senior University Club is said to have the best cellar 
of wine in London ; the Union Club is most celebrated for its 
cookery ; and the Thatched House, late Civil Service, for its 
general comfort. The Oriental goes in for Indian dishes 
and Madeira, both of which are to be had there in perfec- 
tion; and the Naval and Military will send up the most 
perfect of late suppers. The Army and Navy has the grand- 
est smoking-room. Soyer, the great cook, was the presiding 
genius of the Reform Club kitchen for many years ; and it 
may be mentioned as by no means an unusual thing for Lon- 
don clubs to pay these chief cooks as much as four thousand 
dollars (gold) a year, — a large sum in England. 

The Athenaeum Club has between thirty and forty thou- 
sand volumes lining the shelves of its library ; the Reform 
can also boast a magnificent and valuable collection ; the 
same with the Carlton and the Senior University. The 
Senior United Service and Army and Navy Clubs have 
each valuable shelves ,of works bearing on naval and mili- 
tary subjects ; and the Law Club has the first law library in 
England. A courteous letter to a member may, perhaps, be 
the means of getting permission to view one or other of 
these splendid mansions. 



116 APPENDIX. 



CHRIST'S HOSPITAL. 

It would be difficult to select a spot within the city walls 
of old London possessing more general attractions for the 
stranger than Newgate Street. The name is at once familiar 
as the site on which is built the historical and far-famed 
prison. Overlooking and within stone's-throw of both is 
that great and grand landmark of London, — St. Paul's Ca- 
thedral, the huge dome of which, with its glittering cross 
and orb of gold, may be seen towering far up into the skies, 
a tribute of man to his Maker. The curious and somewhat 
remarkable Church of St. Sepulchre — from the graveyard 
of which the last earthly exhortation has been read to some 
hundreds of criminals passing on their way to Tyburn — 
stands at one end of the venerable thoroughfare ; the General 
Post-Office, and the splendid new Telegraph Office of Lon- 
don, at the other ; and within sight of both is the graceful 
spire of one of Wren's most celebrated churches, — in which 
lie buried the remains of Baxter, author of " The Saints' 
Rest," — and the noble hall, and gray, massy towers, of the 
famous Christ's Hospital. 

The school was founded by King Edward the Sixth, June 
26, 1553, on the site of the famous Gray-Friars Monastery ; 
and although Edward founded this institution as a part of 
a general scheme of charity for London, which had for its 
purpose the providing for the w r ants of the sick poor, the 
thriftless poor, the aged j:>oor, the afflicted poor, and the 
vicious poor, in process of time the qualifications for admis- 
sion of children to Christ's Hospital have been more and 
more relaxed, until the one sine qua non of Edward's time, 
that they should be poor fatherless children, no longer ex- 
ists. The government of the charity — which, in passing, we 
may state is the second richest in Great Britain — is vested in 
a President, the Duke of Cambridge, a Treasurer, Mr. All- 
croft, a gentleman well known in the city of London, and a 
Board of Governors, comprising every class of persons, from 
the Queen and royal family down to the most humble ex- 
pupil of the school. To admit of a person's becoming a Lif e- 
Governor, it is necessary that his character should be above 
reproach, and that he should have subscribed four hundred 
pounds to the school-fund, which entitles him always to have 
one boy in the institution on his own presentation, and to a 
vote at general meetings of the governors. 



CHRIST'S HOSPITAL. 117 

A boy, before he can be admitted, is expected to be above 
the age of seven, and under nine : he must be of good bodily- 
health, and be able to read and write. This being so, noth- 
ing further is required but for the lad to present himself 
with his parents at one of the quarterly meetings of the 
Board of Almoners, a sort of sub-committee of the gov- 
ernors, when the question is put to the vote, " Shall A B be 
admitted on C D's presentation to the benefits of the ancient 
and noble foundation of Christ's Hospital ? " The answer 
being " Yea," the boy is admitted ; and henceforth every 
social distinction of class, so far as he is concerned, vanishes. 
He becomes one of this grand little republic, and forthwith 
adopts the uniform of its members, the same as that worn 
in 1552, in Edward's time, — a blue-cloth gown with silvered 
buttons, black velvet knee-breeches, yellow stockings, shoes, 
a red leather belt, and clerical bands of white linen. 
Christ's Hospital not only clothes, feeds, boards, and edu- 
cates her children gratuitously, but, in a measure, provides 
for them at starting in life; and, what is more, she never 
once loses sight of them in after-years. In connection with 
the institution are several charities for assisting "old boys " 
in distress, and a society possessed of considerable funded 
property, formed of ex-scholars themselves, called the 
"Benevolent Society of Blues." 

School-work all through the year begins in the morning 
at 9, and ends at 12 ; in the afternoon at 2, and ends at 5. 
The meals are taken in the Great Hall ; next to Westminster, 
the noblest in London : and every thing in the way of diet 
is clean, ample, and wholesome. Before each of the meals, 
which consist of breakfast, dinner, and supper, a portion of 
Scripture is read, and grace said by one of the Grecians 
from a pulpit of beautiful carved work in the centre of the 
hall, one only of the many attractions of this really splendid 
building, which, among other things., contains a magnificent 
collection of old paintings, and one of the finest organs in 
London. The boys dine at 1, and strangers are permitted 
to be present. 



ETON "FOURTH OF JUNE." 

Eton " Fourth of June " — one of the grand events of the 
London season — is all that now remains of those masquer- 
ading holidays so peculiarly and wholly English, and so 



118 APPENDIX. 

interesting to Americans, which, for the most part, were in- 
vented in the foundation-schools of England, of which Eton 
College is the foremost representative. 

A- quondam captain of the Eton-College boat-club says, 
" The Fourth-of-June procession of boats was instituted in 
commemoration of a visit of George the Third, and is held 
on his birthday. It is the great trysting-day of Eton, when 
her sons gather from far and wide, — young and old, great 
and small, no matter who or what, as long as they are old 
Etonians; that magic bond binding them all together as 
brothers, and levelling, for the time, all distinctions of age or 
rank." The proceedings begin with the " speeches," deliv- 
ered in the "Upper School," in Greek, Latin, French, Italian, 
German, and English. The speeches being got through, 
and what is termed "absence" being called in the old 
quadrangle of the college, a rush is made for the provost's 
house, where a grand luncheon is served for distinguished 
old Etonians, and where you may meet half the cabinet, a 
fair sprinkling of the " lords," the majority of the bench of 
bishops, a field-marshal or two, a half-dozen full admirals, a 
hundred or so of the members of the " Commons," and all 
who are distinguished in every line of life throughout Great 
Britain. Entertainments on a smaller scale are going on in 
the various tutors' houses for the boys themselves. At 
three o'clock there is full choral service in the chapel, — 
one of the finest collegiate chapels in England, well worth 
the journey from London to visit ; and after sisters, moth- 
ers, and cousins have refreshed themselves with tea, a gay 
sight awaits them at the Brocas, a large open meadow down 
by the side of the river, from whence starts the procession 
of boats to Surly Hall, a public house of that name, on the 
right bank of the Thames, some three and a half miles from 
the bridge which separates Eton from Windsor. It is a 
queer and picturesque gathering, — Grenadier-Guardsmen 
and Life-Guardsmen, boatmen and fishermen, young folks 
from behind London counters, with the ordinary admixture 
of street-minstrels, lollipop-venders, gypsies, fruit-sellers, and 
policemen greeting the boys and their people. The boats 
are divided into two classes, — upper and lower. The upper 
division consists of the Monarch (ten oar), the Victory, and 
the Prince of Wales ; the lower boats being the Britannia, 
Dreadnought, Thetis, and St. George. All are eight oars, 
with the one exception we have named. The flotilla is pre- 
ceded by the Eton racing eight-oar, manned by a picked 



ETON. 119 

crew, who are to contend at Putney or Henley. Each boat 
has its distinctive uniform; the crews of the upper division 
wearing dark-blue jackets and trousers, and straw hats with 
ribbons displaying the name of the boat in gold letters; 
those of the lower wearing trousers of wdiite jean, and all 
ornaments and embroidery being in silver. The cockswains 
of the upper boats are dressed in admiral's uniform, with 
gold fittings, sword, and cocked hat ; those of the lower, as 
midshipmen, in appropriate dress, with huge nosegays as 
big as themselves stuck in their breasts. Upon a given 
signal from the stroke-oar of the ten-oar, all embark ; and 
the procession, headed by a quaint, old-fashioned boat rowed 
by Thames watermen, containing the band of the Life- 
Guards, passes in front of the spectators and carriages on 
its way to Surly Hall. The scene, as the boats' crews warm 
to their work, is wonderfully striking. Military bands 
strike up; the "Windsor bells peal out; there are nods, and 
wavings of handkerchiefs, from the banks ; the silken flags 
are dipped so as to trail along in the water; and there 
is much cheering and general clapping of hands from the 
assembled thousands of sight-seers. After a few toasts, and 
as much champagne as can fairly be disposed of in a short 
time, the captain of the boats gives the order for all to re- 
embark ; and the flotilla returns to Eton in the same order. 
When the boats have arrived at the Brocas, the last act of 
the day is gone through. The very moment the daylight 
has departed, a rocket from an island in front of the boat- 
houses assures every one that the final scene is set. Off 
they go, — squibs, crackers, Roman candles, port-fires, set 
pieces, Chinese fire, glittering serpents, and flights of rockets. 
The townsfolk on the bridge, and the great people on the 
banks, supply the orthodox moan of surprise as the rockets 
burst in the still night into stars of blue, green, crimson, and 
gold; and round about and in and out the punts, skiffs, 
wherries, and miniature barges, you may see the Eton crews 
rowing their orthodox " three times " round the eyot in the 
middle of the stream. Then the boats toss their oars, and 
salute ; the fine old bells in the Curfew Tower ring out a 
merry peal ; the Eton Arms, with the motto Floreat Etona, 
are written in letters of fire ; the boys cheer ; the bands play 
" God save the Queen; " the last squib splutters in a slow 
and agonizing death ; and old Farmer George's birthday 
will surely have been well and truly kept by the descendants 
of his young friends of his Royal College of Eton. 



120 APPENDIX. 



FOUNDLING HOSPITAL. 

We would most strongly advise all interested in the care 
and education of children to look in upon the Foundling 
Hospital in Guilford Street, Russell Square ; and it might 
be well for the visit to be paid on Sunday. Haydn declared 
that the most powerful effect he felt from music was from 
the singing of the London charity children. The girls and 
boys of the Foundling Hospital are the very pick of these 
charity children, and are famed for their singing. It is im- 
possible to describe the beautiful effect of the fresh young 
voices swelling from the pyramid of little ones ranged on 
each side of the chapel, and towering to the topmost pipes of 
the grand organ ; which, by the way, was the gift of Handel. 
The chapel of the Foundling Hospital, during divine service 
on Sunda}^, is one of the most lovely sights in the world; and 
if the man or the woman who has listened to the singing of 
the children there doesn't come away the better for it, then 
there is no such thing in the world as human sympathy. 
This children's chapel, which has now become famous, rose 
at the sound of the glorious music of Handel. Tt was from 
the organ, his own gift, that he drew forth, we believe, the 
sublime notes of the " Messiah." Here he played to en- 
tranced thousands, and helped, by those gifts which God had 
so abundantly bestowed upon him, to alleviate the burdens 
of his fellow-creatures less abundantly provided for. By 
one performance of Handel's, it is said, the charity netted 
over ten thousand dollars ; and we are not so sure but what 
the great composer gave the copyright of the " Messiah " to 
the governors, by which they netted several thousands more. 
It is most gratifying to find that the foremost men of those 
who represented the infancy of painting in England were 
not behindhand with the sister art in doing good deeds to 
the asylum. Hogarth, Gainsborough, Hayman, Highmore, 
and Wilson contributed paintings to decorate the walls of 
the court-room (to be seen), as Handel contributed his music 
to the good of the chapel. If the Foundling Hospital is in- 
debted to these men, as she unquestionably is, for what they 
have done for her, lovers of art are indebted to the Found- 
ling Hospital for giving the first hint for an exhibition of 
British art, which afterward culminated in that Royal Acad- 
emy which has given to the world so many glorious paint- 
ing's. See also " Churches." 



HOUSE OF COMMONS. 121 



HOUSE OF COMMONS. 

To the average American citizen, whose idea of delibera- 
tive bodies is obtained from the legislatures of the several 
States, or, at best, from the Senate and House of Representa- 
tives at the national capital, the scenes presented during a 
session of the English House of Commons are of never-fail- 
ing interest, and, when compared with the more simple cere- 
monies and methods in vogue at home, bring out into bold 
relief the truth of the assertion so often made, that both 
countries are — in fact, if not in form — republican in their 
essential characteristics. 

When the visitor to London has had a surfeit of dinings- 
out, of scientific conversaziones, of operas, theatres, and the 
like, — the staple attractions during the London season", — 
there are few pleasanter ways of spending a quiet evening in 
the great English capital than lounging on the comfortable 
and somewhat exclusive bench of the Speaker's Gallery of the 
House of Commons (admission to be had through the United- 
States minister), and watching the proceedings in the British 
Legislature. There are many worse ways, too, of whiling 
away an hour or so than mingling with the crowd of con- 
stituents in the corridors of the House, and listening to the 
remarks of a communicative friend on the ways, manners, 
and customs of the people of England's anointed. If that 
friend should happen to be official, or in any way connected 
with the House, so much the better : the time spent in this 
way will prove not only amusing, but instructive. Americans 
who take London on their tour through Europe rarely have 
the time or the inclination, or even the opportunity, for " do- 
ing " the Houses of Parliament thoroughly; and, even if 
they had, it would doubtless be found that few would care 
to avail themselves of the offer of a good friend to shut 
themselves up for four or five hours on a hot summer's even- 
ing, listening, perhaps, to a dull debate, when pleasanter 
things are to be had at the opera. Nevertheless, there is 
something entertaining to be found even in the House of 
Commons. It is something to see Mr. Speaker enter the 
House after the same dignified manner that his predecessors 
in the same high office have done for a century or so before 
him, and to note the way in which Mr. Superintendent of 
the A division of Metropolitan Police demands, " Way for 
Mr. Speaker." 



122 APPENDIX. 

Just as the hour-hand of the clock points to four, and the 
minute-hand to ten, Mr. Superintendent of Police requests 
passage to the chair freely and becomingly for Mr. Speaker. 
Then we may see enter from a side-passage, to the right of 
the corridor containing those magnificent frescoes by Ward, 
Maclise, and others, a quiet-looking gentleman in a court 
suit of black ; just such a suit as George Washington may 
have worn when first President of the United States, — -black 
small-clothes, black silk stockings, and shoes with large 
steel buckles, a dress-coat (likewise of black) with steel but- 
tons, a very long, square-cut waistcoat of the same, an ex- 
quisitely frilled shirt, and a dainty sword in a black sheath, 
with a wonderful handle of polished steel. This gentleman 
precedes another in the same costume, who carries upon his 
shoulder "the Bauble," — a big, heavy, cumbrous-looking 
gold mace, that may almost be said to be a part of the Brit- 
ish Constitution ; for it represents the power of the elected 
representative of the Commons of England, — the Speak- 
er. At the moment the next personage steps upon the 
scene, Mr. Superintendent says ' quietly, " Hats off ! — hats 
off for Mr. Speaker ! " All persons must then remove their 
hats, with the one notable exception of such members of the 
House as may be present themselves. These merely raise 
theirs as the Speaker passes them, and only of courtesy ; it 
being the peculiar privilege of the Commons to wear their 
hats or not in their own place of meeting, as they think fit ; 
and the stranger will notice that they exercise this right 
pretty generally during the debates, except when speaking. 

A flutter of excitement ; and Mr. Speaker, in a full-bot- 
tomed wig, and robes of black silk, passes through the lobby 
into the House, followed by his train-bearer, chaplain, and 
secretary. When all have passed through, a little bell rings : 
an usher steps forward, and in a loud voice informs the 
" lobby " that " Mr. Speaker is at prayers." A lull in the 
conversation ensues for about five minutes ; when the same 
bell rings again, and the same official, in the same voice, in- 
forms those present that "Mr. Speaker is in the chair." 
Whereupon an ugly "rush " is made by honorable members 
through the doorway into the House itself ; and we can then 
enter the House, too, by a little Gothic doorway to the right 
of the members' door. 

Without describing the architectural glories of the place, 
suffice it to say, that on the floor of the House, exactly op- 
posite to where we are sitting, is the Speaker's chair, of 



INNS OF COURT. 123 

carved oak, with a green shade overhead to keep off the 
glare from the gaslight; the Treasury or Government 
Benches being to the right, the Opposition or Conservative 
Benches to the left, of the chair. Immediately in front of, 
and with their backs to, the Speaker, are the three clerks of 
the House, in wig and gown, seated at the table, on which 
stand the scarlet-leather despatch boxes of the ministers, 
the division glass, and at the foot of which lies, most con- 
spicuous of all, the mace. Exactly above the Speaker's 
chair is the Reporters' Gallery, of some forty or fifty little 
pews, each London newspaper having one of its own ; and 
above the Reporters', screened from the gaze of the curious, 
is the gallery set apart for ladies. Running right round the 
four sides of the House are the galleries set apart for peers, 
M. P.'s, and " distinguished strangers ; " and immediately 
over where we are sitting is the " Strangers' Gallery," re- 
served for the hoi polloi. The matters set down for debate 
are on the notice-board in the lobby, which the Speaker 
enters from his corridor ; but any one of the attendants, or 
policemen on duty, by a polite request, will furnish the 
programme of the night's sitting. Ladies can only be 
admitted through application to the sergeant-at-arms, sup- 
ported by the minister's recommendation. The House of 
Commons may be seen on Saturdays. See " Places and 
Sights." 



INNS OF COURT. 

Of the many interesting relics of the past to be found in 
the capital of England, there are few so interesting, or so 
worthy of note, as those old hostels, or abodes of the prac- 
tises and students of the law, called the " Inns of Court." 
They are the last working institutions in the nature of the 
old trade-guilds to be met with anywhere throughout the 
world. The lawyers still guard the entrance to the law in 
England, and prescribe the rules under which it shall be 
practised there ; and it is a fact somewhat remarkable, that 
these voluntary societies of barristers should have managed 
to engross and preserve such a privilege in the midst of the 
wonderful changes that have taken plac£ even in England 
in the course of the present century. 

These Inns of Court, so called because their inhabitants 
belonged to the king's court, are four in number, — the 



124 APPENDIX. 

Inner Temple and the Middle Temple in Fleet Street, 
Lincoln's Inn in Chancery Lane, and Gray's Inn in Holborn. 
At one time, they formed a university almost as powerful 
as either Oxford or Cambridge. Students flocked to them 
in abundance ; and, whereas the students of the two great 
universities were drawn from the poorer ranks of society, 
the scholars of the law university were invariably the sons 
of the wealthy. To be a latw-student, was, in the olden time, 
to be a stripling of quality; and the Inns of Court of days 
gone by enjoyed much the same patrician prestige and eclat 
as now belong to the aristocratic colleges of Christ Church 
at Oxford, and Trinity College, Cambridge. Though the 
Inns-of-Court men were for many generations, almost with- 
out exception, gentlemen, yet this soon began to wear off ; 
and in the eighteenth century the bar of England ceased to 
comprise among its industrious members a large aristocratic 
element ; although, even now, after the fashion of four 
centuries since, young men are still induced to enter their 
names as students for the sake of honorable companionship, 
good society, and social prestige. The Inns are teeming 
with historic interest ; and a stranger would do well to spend 
an hour or so in traversing the old squares and cloisters of 
those venerable institutions. See " Churches." 



DINNER OF THE ROYAL LITERARY FUND. 

Generally, in the first or second week in May, the dinner 
of the Royal Literary Fund of Great Britain takes place in 
London, which usually draws a brilliant array of notable 
men together, — ministers of state, ambassadors, great church' 
dignitaries, and members of all the foremost professions of 
the United Kingdom. , This Royal Literary Fund of Great 
Britain is the only literary charity in the world ; and it 
deserves the earnest, heartfelt sympathy of those who are 
content to recognize the great benefits the world has derived 
from the disinterested exertions of literary men. It is not 
necessary to go into the question of adequate remuneration 
for literary labor in the present day : experience proves, that, 
as a general thing,, literary men find it equally as hard to 
live now by the fruits of their brain-labor as they did in the 
days gone by ; and the Literary Fund recognizes this fact. 
It is one of the characteristics of this noble institution, that 



ST. PAUL'S CATHEDRAL. 125 

it extends its assistance to the foreign as well as to the 
English author : its bounty has been experienced by the 
suffering scholar of every nation, from Iceland to the utter- 
most bounds of Southern Europe ; and it is the boast and 
pride of the institution, that it allows no national or politi- 
cal distinction to loosen that common bond of brotherhood 
which ought to unite the literary men of all countries. 
Another worthy point in connection with the administra- 
tion of the funds of the Royal Literary Fund is, that the 
names of those who apply to the institution are never known 
to any but the Secret Committee, before whom the appli- 
cation comes. No less a sum than five hundred thousand 
dollars has been secretly voted in this way to thirteen 
hundred applicants who have been compelled to seek assist- 
ance at some period of their lives, — distinguished men 
whose fame is the proudest inheritance of their countrymen. 
In a few words, in the language of the distinguished secre- 
tary of the institution, Mr. Blewitt, " The historian, the 
poet, and the divine ; the moralist, who has confirmed the 
interests of virtue ; the dramatist, who has beguiled thou- 
sands of their tears ; the mathematician ; the philosopher, 
who has clothed the truths of science in the graces of 
literary composition ; and the professional writer on law and 
physic, whose works have become text-books in the schools, 
— have found the Royal Literary Fund ever ready to minister 
to their wants, and to shield the knowledge of them from 
public observation." Tickets to this dinner may be had of 
the secretary, 10 John Street, Adelphi; price one guinea. 
All literary men will find themselves interested in the 
proceedings. 



ST. PAUL'S CATHEDRAL, 

The masterpiece of Sir Christopher Wren, built on the site 
of Old St. Paul's, which originated with Maurice, Bishop 
of London, in 1083. This bishop, to use the expressive 
words of Dugdale, began in that year " the foundations of a 
most magnificent pile. So stately and beautiful was it, that 
it was worthily numbered among the most famous buildings; 
the vault, or undercroft, being of such extent, and the upper 
structure so large, that it was sufficient to contain a vast 
number of people." Nearly six hundred years afterwards, — 



126 APPENDIX. 

viz., in 1666, — Old St. Paul's was destroyed by fire. In 
Dryden's words, — 

"The daring flames peeped in, and saw from far 
The awful beaiities of the sacred choir; 
But, since it was profaned by civil war, 
Heaven thought it fit to have it purged by fire." 

Futile attempts were made to patch up and restore the 
cathedral ; but Gothic architecture, after which style Bishop 
Maurice's structure was built, being looked upon as little 
short of barbarous in the seventeenth century, no pains were 
taken to preserve what must have been one of the most ex- 
quisite relics of the best periods of the Middle Ages. It is 
difficult to help regretting this in the case of a cathedral, 
that, it would almost seem of right, should take prece- 
dence over the glorious old Abbey of Westminster ; yet if 
it had been patched up, as was attempted, the mediaeval 
work would doubtless have been mutilated and Italianized, 
and Wren's conception of the glorious dome and its noble 
body, that now delights the eyes of the millions of London, 
would never have seen the light. The Cathedral, as it now 
stands, is the noblest building in Great Britain in the classic 
style. Its first stone was laid June 21, 1675. Divine ser- 
vice was performed for the first time Dec. 2, 1697, on the 
day of thanksgiving for the peace of Ryswick ; and the last 

stone laid , 1710, thirty-five years after the first. The 

whole cathedral was begun and completed under one archi- 
tect, Sir Christopher Wren ; one master-mason, Mr. Thomas 
Strong ; and while one bishop, Dr. Henry Compton, presided 
over the diocese ; the whole cost being $3,739,770, which 
was provided by a tax on coals brought into the port of 
London. 

COST OF ADMISSION. 

Whispering, Stone, and Golden Galleries 0s. 6d. 

Ball 1 6 

Library, Great Bell, and Geometrical Staircase 6 

Clock." 2 

Crypt, — Wellington's and Nelson's Monument 6 

3 2 

There are several very fine statues in the body of the 
church. Sir Christopher" Wren, Nelson, and Wellington lie 
buried here ; several very distinguished English painters, 
including the late Sir Charles Landseer ; and the engineers 
who designed Blackfriars and Waterloo Bridges. The 
monuments are elaborate as works of art, and were erected 
at great cost. See " Churches." 



THE TEMPLE CHURCH. 127 



THE TEMPLE CHURCH. 

" On the 10th of February, in the year from the incarnation of 
our Lord 11X5, this church was consecrated in honor of the blessed 
Mary, by our Lord Heraclius, by the grace of God Patriarch of 
the Church of the Resurrection, who hath granted an indulgence 
of fifty days to those yearly seeking it." 

This was the inscription formerly on the stone-work over 
the little door next the cloister, marking the date of the 
foundation of one of the most remarkable, chaste, and beau- 
tiful of the churches of -England. The Temple Church was 
the chief ecclesiastical edifice of the proud and powerful 
order of the Knights Templars in Britain, and is now the 
place of worship belonging to the lawyers of the Honorable 
Societies of the Inner and Middle Temple in London. He- 
raclius, above mentioned, was Patriarch of Jerusalem, and, 
at the date the church was consecrated by him, was visiting 
Britain, endeavoring to obtain succor from Henry the Sec- 
ond, king of England, against the formidable power of the 
famous Saladin. The church as it now stands is the most 
beautiful and perfect relic of the order of Knights Templars 
in existence. 

It would be hardly possible to suggest a better means of 
preventing the imagination of a reader from conceiving the 
true character and effect of such a wonderful old church as 
the Temple than by giving a careful and accurate architect- 
ural description of the building. Such places must be 
seen : they cannot be described. The view impressed at 
once upon the eye is what is desired, and is what systematic 
description cannot possibly give. Words of the most gen- 
eral, rapid, and suggestive character can very inadequately 
convey to the general reader the real glories of such a place. 
To know and appreciate them, you must stand on the very 
threshold of the solemn structure, — now restored to the 
simple majesty it possessed near seven hundred years ago, 
— and look in upon the interior of the church in its most 
elegant prospective aspect, upon its rich nave, its splendid 
chaste aisles, its magnificently painted windows. You 
should rest for a moment in the " Round " chapel, beside 
the tombs of those who fought in Holy Land in the time of 
the Crusades, and conjure up visions of the great past, — 
of the time when the Christian patriarch of the early church 
exercised his sacred functions within its walls ; of the days 



128 APPENDIX. 

when the mailed knights of 'the most holy order of the 
Temple of Solomon — the sworn champions of the Church 
of Christ on earth — unfolded the banner of the red cross 
amid " the long-drawn aisles," and offered their swords upon 
the altar to be blessed by the ministers of religion. What 
a flood of recollections must cross the mind of the student 
of history at such a time ! If imagination can be stirred by 
external influences, it should surely be active here. 

In this very spot, under the roof of this little church, 
during the holy fervor of the Crusades, the kings of Eng- 
land and the haughty legates of the Pope were wont to 
mix with the armed bands of the Templars. Here were 
buried, in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, some of the 
most remarkable characlers of that age. Around the altar 
— the church - doors closed, and at midnight — stood the 
stern military friars, while the solemn ceremonies attendant 
upon the admission of a novice to the holy vows of the 
Temple were being performed. It was the severe religious 
exercises,- the vigils that were kept up at night in this old 
church, together with the reputed terrors of the penitential 
cell connected with it, that gave rise to those strange and 
horrible tales of impiety and crime, of magic and sorcery, 
which led to the unjust and terrible execution at the stake 
of the Grand-Master and some hundreds of the Knights 
Templars themselves, and finally to the suppression and 
annihilation of their powerful order. 

The historical recollections and associations of the place 
are so powerful as to throw a charm around the venerable 
building, ten thousand times more potent than mere archi- 
tectural beauty would succeed in eliciting. Yet the Tem- 
ple Church does possess architectural excellence also, and 
that, too, of the very highest order. One part of it, indeed, 
the chapel proper, as a specimen of the early pointed style 
of architecture, stands alone and matchless. 

The organ of the church was built in the reign of Charles 
the Second, and was selected by competition ; Purcell and 
Dr. Blow being the organists selected to play at the trial ; 
the infamous Chief Justice Jeffries, then a member of the 
Inner Temple, being the person selected as umpire to decide 
on the relative merits of the instruments submitted for trial. 
Schmidt was the maker of it ; and it is considered to be his 
masterpiece. 

Not far from the altar is a white marble tomb over the 
remains of the learned Selden, who died in 1054. " He 



THE TEMPLE CHURCH. 129 

was," says Wood (Athense), " a great philologist, antiquary, 
herald, linguist, statesman, and what not." His funeral- 
sermon was preached by Archbishop Ussher. And in the 
little vestry beneath the organ-gallery is a marble tablet to 
Oliver Goldsmith, buried at the east end of the choir, April 
9, 1774. There are memorials in the church erected to 
Plowden, the jurist; to Howell, writer of "The Familiar 
Letters;" to Edmund Gibbon, an ancestor of the historian; 
to Lord-Chancellor Thurlow; and to other eminent English 
English lawyers. There is also, on the south wall, a tablet 
to Ann Littleton, 1623, daughter-in-law to Sir Edward Lit- 
tleton, with the following quaint epitaph : — 

" Keep well this pawn, thou marble chest; 
Till it be called for, let it rest: 
For, while the jewel here is set, 
The grave is but a cabinet." 

But, most wonderful of all, in the Round, the oldest 
part of the present fabric, lie buried men, who, centuries 
ago, in the defence of the Christian faith, fought against 
the Saracens in Palestine, and then came back across the 
seas from the Holy Land to die amongst their brethren, 
the Templars, in Britain. These famous monuments of 
the Crusaders, with the cross-legged effigies of the buried 
knights, in token that they had assumed the " cross," and 
taken the vow to march to the defence of Christendom, are 
amongst the most marvellous relics of that age. Here is a 
monument that takes one's thoughts backward, through long 
vistas of years, to the time when the proud barons of Eng- 
land desolated their country so fearfully, and in a measure 
paved the way for that famous meeting at Runnymede, 
between the nobles of Britain and their sovereign, which 
ended in the signing of the Great Charter of English liberty. 
It displays the effigy of Geoffrey de Magnaville, slain by an 
arrow, and buried here in 1144. Another slab is here 
erected over the remains of one of the greatest warriors 
and statesmen who shine in English history, — William Mar- 
shall, Earl of Pembroke, a man who, in those days of law- 
lessness, rescued England from the danger of a foreign yoke, 
established tranquillity throughout the country, and secured 
the young Prince Henry, afterwards Henry III., in the 
peaceable and undisputed possession of the English throne. 
Shakspeare alludes to him in his grand tragedy of " King 
John," as the eloquent intercessor with the king on behalf 



130 APPENDIX. 

of the unfortunate Prince Arthur. He died in 1219. Next 
to those of this great man repose the remains of a youthful 
warrior, who, in common with the best and bravest of that 
land, raised the standard of rebellion, and was amongst the 
foremost of those bold patriots who obtained the sign-manual 
of King John to Magna Charta, — Robert, Lord de Ros, 
buried in 1227. Next to the tomb of Lord cle Ros is the 
effigy of a stern warrior, with his arms crossed on his breast, 
at one time a Master of the Order of the Knights Templars ; 
and one of the great name of Plantagenets — -William Fifth, 
son of Henry the Third — lies next to him. A goodly roll 
of the illustrious dead! See also "Churches." 



THE TOWER OF LONDON. 

"Prince Edward. — I do not like the Tower, of any place. 
Did Julius C?esar build that place, ray lord ? 

Buckingham. — He did, ray gracious lord, begin that place; 
Which, since, succeeding ages have re-edified. 

Prince Edward. — Is it upon record, or else reported 
Successively from age to age he built it? 

Buckingham. — Upon record, my gracious lord." 

Ay, upon record ! The spot is so old as to date back to 
the times of the Romans, the Saxons, and the Normans in 
Britain; truly, as to length of days, without rival among 
palaces and prisons throughout the world, — a rare old place, 
among the rarest of the oldest on the earth. Keep well in 
under the shadow of the old walls, and mark well the bul- 
warks of the fortress. St. Thomas's Tower, or Traitors' 
Gate : here's a wonder to begin with, — an edifice, the work 
of Henry the Third, the eldest son of John, — that king who 
signed the Great Charter of English liberty. The arched 
channel, which gives the secondary appellation of Traitors' 
Gate, is one of the purest examples of art, and one of the 
noblest arches in the world ; and the spot is as sacred as any 
that marks the more notable events in English history. 
Through the grim old archway once passed "Buckingham, 
no man's enemy but his own, though the professed enemy of 
the ambitious Wolsey, — a man, we are told, "apparently too 
vain, and incautious in disposition." Here it was, in this 
very piace, on one of these very stones perhaps, that Eliza- 
beth stood, refusing to land, until the lords who escorted her 



THE TOWER OF LONDON. 131 

» 
threatened to use force ; placing her foot upon the stairs, 
and saying aloud, with the energy peculiar to her char- 
acter, "Here landeth as true a subject, being a prisoner, 
as ever landed at these stairs ; and before thee. O God ! I 
speak it, having none other friend than thee." In January 
of 1640, Strafford came back to the Tower through this 
gateway, with the axe towards him, — that Strafford, who, 
with composed and undaunted air, from the scaffold told 
the furious populace that were ready to tear him in pieces, 
" He was come there to satisfy them with his head ; but that 
hejnuch feared the Reformation, which was begun in blood, 
would not prove so fortunate to the kingdom as they ex- 
pected, and he desired." Fisher the cardinal, and Surrey the 
elegant poet and distinguished soldier, landed here prison- 
ers ; so did Sir Walter Raleigh and Lady Jane Grey, and, tra- 
dition says, Wallace and Bruce, "names in which," says Mr. 
Hepworth Dixon, " the splendor, poetry, and sentiment of 
England's national story are embalmed." 

The curious old tower hard by, of Norman build, with 
walls of wondrous thickness, has been made familiar to us in 
the seventh scene of the fifth act of the third part of Shak- 
speare's Henry VI. " The Tower of London. Enter King 
Henry with a book, and Gloucester with the Lieutenant on the 
Tower walls." In the upper chamber of this Bowyer Tower, 
after the total defeat of the Lancastrians at Tewkesbury, 
during the wars of the Roses, in 1471. Henry VI. was mur- 
dered by the Duke of Gloucester, whose after-deeds as Rich- 
ard III. seemed to authorize the belief of his taking part in 
any act of blood and cruelty. But a few yards, and the 
villanous Gloucester is again before us ; for in a room of 
the Bloody Tower were lodged Edward V., and his brother 
the Duke of York ; and here, from behind a stair, were said 
to have been found the bones of these ill-fated youths in the 
reign of the second Charles. Every one knows the story of 
the murder of the infant princes : the hired ruffians of the 
duke smothered one of the boys with a pillow, sud cut the 
other boy's thro.at with a knife. But the associations of 
this same Bloody Tower are, if one may use the expression, 
far more glorious than infamous ; for at one of its grated 
windows wrote the founder of the State of Virgiaia. This 
was where, Mr. Hepworth Dixon tells us, he compc mded his 
famous cordial ; and this was where he distilled hi \ essences 
and spirits, received the visits of Priice Henry, and designed 
ships : and upon the wall he took Lis daily wa! k, " That 



132 APPENDIX. 

villain, "Waad," as Raleigh had only too much cause to call 
his one-time jailer, played his petty spite off on his eminent 
prisoner by curtailing' his little liberty in the garden on 
which the grated window opened. Nevertheless, here came 
his friends to express their sympathy, — the Earl of North- 
umberland, a man of considerable learning of that day ; 
Piercy, a great chemist ; and Hoskins, a poet and philoso- 
pher of his day, who is mentioned by Ben Jonson as " the 
man who polished him." Prince Henry too, who was wont 
to say to his friends that " his father (James I.) was the 
only man who would have shut up such a bird in a cage," 
would come here and help to while away the tedious 
hours of Raleigh's captivity. 

The great man's confinement here was close, and his 
treatment mean. Only two small chambers were allowed 
him, two servants ; and the charge for diet, coals, and can- 
dles for his household, was twenty gold dollars — for those 
days, a very extravagant sum — a week. He went out bold- 
ly to death from a lodging hard by. 

Not far off is the Beauchamp Tower, deriving its name 
from the Earl of Warwick imprisoned there in 1397, — a 
wonderful museum of inscriptions, devices, and coats-of- 
arms, sculptured by sad inmates (Anna Boleyn among the 
number) to beguile the hours of imprisonment, many, many 
long years ago. The guide will show a sentence rudely 
carved, with a nail probably, bearing the superscription, 
" Arundell, June 22, 1587. Quanto plus afflictionis pro Christo 
in hoc sceculo, tanto plus glorice cum Christo in futuro." There 
you have (again quoting from the learned author of " Her 
Majesty's Tower") in few words the whole character of 
Philip Howard, Earl Arundell, an austere man, the tenor 
of whose behavior was not unbecoming the primitive ages 
of the Christian Church. The two points of his duty were 
how to pray and how to fast. He died fasting. And there 
is another word, carved on the wall of yonder prison, the 
Brick Tower, that tells whole chapters of love, of ambition, 
and suffering, — carved by the hand of a foolish but affec- 
tionate husband. Here it is : " IANE." Lord Guilford 
Dudley dug the word out of the masonry before he went out 
of his prison, but a boy, to die like a man, — to be carried, a 
bleeding corpse, headless, before the window of the unfortu- 
nate nine-days' queen, his bride. A fearfully dismal hole is 
the Bowyer Tower. In one of its chambers, the gloomiest 
of all, George, Duke of Clarence, brother to Edward IV., was 



THE TOWER OF LONDON. 133 

in the fifteenth century, — the fifteenth century, and yet one 
may stand in the place now !— tradition says, drowned 
in a butt of Malmsey wine. The warder will point out the 
green plot of grass where the cheery old Latimer met an- 
other Tower-warder. "What, my old friend!" said the 
prelate : " how do you ? I am come to be your neighbor 
again." And the old bishop might have added, " Until I go 
to my glorious but awful death along with my brothers of 
Canterbury and London." 

Harrison Ainsworth writes, — 

" The axe was sharp, and heavy as lead: 
As it touched the neck, off went the head." 

There is the axe in a room over yonder, and the block, all 
notched, by its side; and the instruments of torture, — 
the thumb-screws and the maiden. 

Guy Fawkes howled with agony down in one of the vaults 
which we shall see. He thought he could bear it; but 
" that villain, Waad," called his men, and bound his pris- 
oner to the rack. After thirty minutes of the cord and 
pulley, the conspirator gasped out faintly, that he would tell 
them all he knew. While this was going on, Little John, 
Garnet's faithful servant, lay a-dying on straw not far off. 
He ripped himself open with a knife, and bled to death de- 
liberately, fearing the rack might make him disclose his 
master's secrets, and, in his weakness and his agony, he 
might be tempted to betray the lives of men who had always 
been his friends. A noble death ! 

What awful tales of incarcerations, tortures, and murders, 
the wonderful old fortress tells ! Had the walls tongues, 
could they discourse, what doleful and appalling events they 
could unfold of human privations and sufferings ; of the 
tyranny of power, and the endurance of the oppressed ; of 
the merciless vindictiveness of one, and the profound forti- 
tude, philosophy, and dignity of another; of glories that 
have passed away, and of new grandeurs and new usages 
that have arisen ; of the once gorgeous halls, in which high 
revel has been kept by kings, and of the fearful agony, fore- 
shadowing the bitterness of death to cojne, which has been 
suffered by miserable beings in the vaults beneath ! 

The chief points of attraction in the Tower are centred m 
the Armories and Jewel-House, over which visitors are con- 
ducted by the warders, generally old soldiers, dressed in the 
quahit garb of Henry the Eighth's yeomen of the guard. 



134 APPENDIX. 

The crown-jewels of England, kept here, are said to be worth 
three million pounds. The state-crown of her present 
Majesty of England, which stands at the top of the case of 
jewels, consists of a band or diadem of gold, with four 
arches rising almost perpendicularly from the circlet, ele- 
vated slightly at their intersection, where rests a mound of 
gold with a cross. A cap of purple and ermine fits the band 
wdiere it rests on the head ; and the gold work is ornamented 
with flowers and fillets and roses, enriched with jewels of 
wonderful value. There is a row of one hundred and 
twenty-nine pearls on the lower part of the band, above the 
ermine border ; and a row of one hundred and twelve pearls 
on the upper part, between which, in front of the crown, is 
a large sapphire. At the back are a sapphire of smaller 
size and six other sapphires, between which are eight em- 
eralds. Above and below the seven sapphires are fourteen 
diamonds ; and around the eight emeralds, one hundred and 
twenty-eight diamonds. Between the emeralds and the 
sapphires are sixteen trefoil ornaments, containing one hun- 
dred and sixty diamonds. Above the band are eight 
sapphires, surmounted by eight diamonds, between which 
are eight festoons, consisting of one hundred and forty-eight 
diamonds. There is a tradition that the large sapphire in 
this crown, bought by George the Fourth, came out of a 
famous ring of Edward the Confessor, long treasured up at 
his shrine, and the heritage of which was supposed to give 
to his successors great and miraculous powers of blessing. 
In the centre of a Maltese cross on this " precious diadem " 
is a magnificent ruby, said to have been given to Edward, 
Prince of Wales, son of Edward III., called the Black 
Prince, by Don Pedro, king of Castile, after the battle of 
Najera, near Vittoria, in 1367. It was worn by Henry V. of 
England in his helmet at the battle of Agincourt, in 1115. 
According to Eastern custom, it is pierced quite through, 
the upper part of the piercing being filled with a small ruby. 
The fleurs-de-lis between the crosses of the crown contain 
rose-diamonds, each flower having a ruby in the centre. The 
four arches are composed of oak-leaves and acorns, with 
leaves of rose, table, and brilliant diamonds ; the arches, &c, 
containing nearly e*ight hundred diamonds. Four large 
pear-shaped pearls are suspended from the upper part of the 
arches. The gross weight of this crown is thirty-nine 
ounces, eight pennyweights ; and the total value of the stones 
in it is estimated at six hundred thousand dollars; and they 



WESTMINSTER ABBEY. 135 

may be summed up as follows : " One large ruby irregularly 
polished, one large broad-spread sapphire, sixteen sapphires, 
eleven emeralds, four rubies, thirteen hundred and sixty- 
three brilliant diamonds,, twelve hundred and seventy-three 
rose-diamonds, one hundred and forty-seven table-diamonds, 
four drop-shaped pearls, and two hundred and seventy-three 
pearls." 



WESTMINSTER ABBEY. 

There is no other church in the world, with the solitary 
exception, perhaps, of the Kremlin at Moscow, which is so 
rich in historical associations as Westminster Abbey. In 
the words of Dr. Stanley, the eloquent and learned dean of 
this famous cathedral, " Here lies the body of the Confessor, 
himself like the now decayed seed from which the wonder- 
ful pile has grown. Around his shrine are clustered not 
only the names, but the early relics, of the principal actors 
in every scene of history. Seventeen kings lie here, from 
Edward the Confessor to George II. ; and ten queens lie 
buried with them, amid England's greatest statesmen, war- 
riors, divines, poets, and scholars." 

Of the Anglo-Saxon line of monarchs, Sebert, king of the 
East Angles, and his queen Ethelgonda, lie beneath a sar- 
cophagus of Purbeck marble, where, shorn of its gems, 
stands the marble shrine of the last of the Saxon kings, — St. 
George's predecessor in the patron-saintship of England, — 
Edward the Confessor. And, besides the Confessor, nine of 
the early wielders of England's sceptre lie in Westminster 
Abbey, the warrior-kings Edward I., Edward III., and 
Henry V., enshrined in marble altar-tombs ; that of the last- 
named wanting the silver plates and silver head of the hero's 
effigy, removed by some sacrilegious thieves so long ago as 
1546. Weak Henry III., and that degenerate scion of a 
noble stock, Richard II., have no meaner tombs than better- 
deserving monarchs. A marble urn, erected by Charles H., 
suffices to record the interment of the supposed bones of 
Edward V. and his brother Richard of York. The shrewd 
founder of the Tudor line rests in one tomb with his consort, 
the Rose of York ; his famous grand-daughter shares her 
canopied altar-tomb with her sister and predecessor ; while 
not far from the grave of Elizabeth and Mary is that of the 
former's thorn in life, — Mary of Scotland. You may stand 



136 APPENDIX. 

by the tomb of one of the wives of Henry VIIL, and of his 
son by Jane Seymour, Edward VI. ; and out of seven queen- 
consorts, not counting Anne of Cleves, the aforesaid wife of 
the eighth Henry, Westminster Abbey shelters the remains 
of Eleanor of Castile, the queen of many crosses ; Philippa 
of Hainault, of Nevill's Cross renown; Anne of Bohemia, 
and Elizabeth of York. Charles II. lies here, William III. 
and Queen Mary, Queen Anne, George II., and Queen 
Caroline. The wealth of exquisitely-designed monuments 
resting over the graves of the illustrious dead is prodigious ; 
and the sublime beauty of the Abbey itself must commend 
it to the admiration of all who have heard, or even read, of 
this grand and glorious temple of God. It will attract all 
those who love to worship their Creator in the " beauty of 
holiness;" and it must make a lasting impression on the 
thoughtful student as " the only national place of sepulture 
in the world, — the only spot whose monuments epitomize a 
people's history." It would be entirely unnecessary, and out 
of the scope of our purpose, to give a lengthy description of 
every thing which is important, and necessary to be seen, 
in the Abbey. The visitor must look about him, and judge 
for himself, and be content with this simple and cursory 
sketch of s8me of the glories of a church, the whole of 
which it would take a man his lifetime to faithfully and 
properly chronicle. 

The Chapter House of the Abbey should certainly be seen. 
It was, during three centuries of English history, the meeting- 
place of the House of Commons, and was built in 1250 by 
Henry in. When the House of Commons was first con- 
vened in the parliament of 1265, called by Earl Simon de 
Montfort, after the battle of Lewes, summoning two knights 
from every shire, two citizens from every city, and two bur- 
gesses from every borough, these began sitting in West- 
minster Hall, side by side with the earls and barons, the 
bishops and abbots, who constituted the House of Lords. 
But from and after 1282, with a view to separate acts of 
self-taxation, the different estates of the realm were assem- 
bled in places apart from each other. The Commons were 
then to be provided with temporary accommodation in West- 
minster Abbey, for the convenience o£ being near the other 
members of the king's parliament in Westminster Palace 
and Hall. They sometimes used to sit in the refectory of 
the ancient monastery, now destroyed ; but at other times in 
the Chapter House, as might best suit the occasions of the 



WESTMINSTER HALL. 137 

abbot and his monks. Upon this tenure of good will and 
custom, as it appears, did the representatives elect of the 
Third Estate continue, nearly three hundred years, to occupy 
the quarters assigned to them, probably at the king's request, 
in the precincts of the Abbey. But, on the dissolution of the 
ancient monastery in 1540, the Chapter House passed into 
the possession of the Crown. From that time the dean and 
chapter held their meetings in the Jerusalem Chamber, the 
Chapter House becoming a depository of public records. In 
1865, after the removal of the records to the Rolls House, 
on the eight hundredth anniversary of the foundation of the 
Chapter and the six hundredth anniversary of the House of 
Commons, its restoration was undertaken by Sir Gilbert 
Scott, at the request of the British Society of Antiquaries. 

It may not seem wholly out of place here to direct the 
attention of Americans to the fact, that Dean Stanley, one 
of the broadest in his views, fervent in his teaching, and 
eloquent in the pulpit, of the divines of the Church of Eng- 
land, usually preaches, at the afternoon service on Sundays, 
from May to July inclusive. The Abbey-doors are opened 
at 2.30, p.m. ; and the service begins at 3. There is daily 
service in the Abbey at 7.45, a.m., 10, a.m., and 3, p.m. See 
also i; Churches." 



WESTMINSTER HALL. 

Turning away from the Abbey, Westminster Hall faces 
you, east. Pause for an instant in Palace Yard, and mark 
the stone moulding, or string-course, that runs round the 
grand old building, — the largest hall not supported by pillars 
in the world, with the exception of the Hall of Reason at 
Padua. The crouching White Hart, cut upon the stones, 
was done by masons who worked for one Master Henry de 
Yeveley, foreman of works to three successive kings, but 
who supervised this little piece of masonic embellishment 
four hundred and seventy-six years ago. The device was 
the favorite device of England's Second Richard, of the 
house of Plantagenet, who ascended the throne 1377. The 
hall itself is two hundred and ninety feet long by sixty-eight 
broad ; is entirely unsupported by pillars ; and the roof is the 
finest existing example of scientific carpentry extant. The 
statuary in it must be left to be judged by the visitor for 
himself. 



138 APPENDIX. 

Now for one or two points of history intimately associated 
with the building. By a clause in Magna Charta, 15th June, 
1215, it is declared that " Common Pleas shall not follow 
the Court, but shall be held in some certain place." In the 
year 1221, the ninth of King Henry III., the oldest son of him 
who signed the Great Charter, the law courts of England, 
four in number, — Sir Edward Coke observes that no man 
can tell which of them is most ancient, . — were permanently 
established in Westminster Hall. Here they are still held, 
on the right hand as you enter, — the Chancery, the Queen's 
Bench, the Exchequer, the Common Pleas. Here, also, the 
ancient kings of England held their parliaments ; and the 
very first meeting of the parliament after the "White Hart 
had been carved aloft, and the hall was ready for use, was 
for deposing the very king who had caused the work to be 
done. 

There will be one scene, of all others, present to the mind 
as we stand in Westminster Hall, before which every thought 
upon its Norman founder and its Plantagenet and Tudor 
associations must fade away. Here a king was tried, and 
condemned to death, who, by the sovereign people's law, 
could do no wrong. Here, in this very hall, the world beheld 
the amazing spectacle of a great nation sitting in judgment 
on its sovereign, the descendant of a long line of illustrious 
kings. 

At the upper end of the hall, just upon the long flight of 
stone steps leading to the corridors of the Houses of Parlia- 
ment, on scarlet-covered benches, — " all of blowdy colors for 
the tryers," — sat seventy of the king's judges to judge the 
king. In the centre, upon a raised platform, was a chair of 
more than ordinary beauty, covered with crimson velvet and 
gold, for Bradshaw, the president of the people's court. A 
large table, covered with rich Turkey carpet, upon which 
lay the mace and sword of justice, was opposite him there. 
And here, over on the other side of the table, facing Brad- 
shaw, was the chair for Charles. On either side, as we 
stand, galleries were erected for the convenience of specta- 
tors ; and behind, on the right and left hand of the king's 
chair of crimson, were arranged the soldiers and officers of 
the court. A strong bar ran across the centre of the hall, 
behind which the populace in a dense mass crowded. More- 
over, those leads and windows were filled with soldiers ; for 
the judges were afraid, Bradshaw most of all. 

" Oyez ! " and silence is made, and the tall man with the long- 



WESTMINSTER HALL. 139 

ish, handsome face, and the Vandyke beard and mustache, 
and the long, rich brown hair, and the beautiful languishing 
eyes, is brought in. He looks sternly at his judges, then at 
that gallery, then at this, — just as a well-bred actor, between 
the parts, towards the spectators, — and now sits down. 
Though a man of highest breeding, he keeps his head cov- 
ered, becauses he refuses to show the least respect for the 
court. He sits unmoved, careless, looking up here, and 
then looking up there, maintaining his usual placidity of 
countenance, only smiling a bit contemptuously by and by 
when some of the more absurd and daring allegations in the 
charge are made. ■ The several names in the roll of the 
"tryers " are called over by the clerk at the table. A pause 
is made for the great Lord-General Fairfax to answer. 

" He has more wit than to be here ! " cries a voice from the 
gallery. 

But there is little stir made at the cry, though Bradshaw 
looks a little frightened, and fingers a little nervously the 
high-crowned beaver hat, lined with steel, that lies at his 
elbow. 

The charge runs thus, and is read : Charles Stuart, King 
of England, is accused, " in the name of the people of Eng- 
land " — 

" No, not the hundredth part of them ! It is false ! 
Where are they ? Oliver Cromwell is a traitor ! " again cries 
the voice in the gallery. 

A burly, steel-clad colonel of infantry desires some sol- 
diers to fire into the gallery, from where the voice issues. 

" Down with her ! " shout the crowd. 

"For God's sake" — 

But no need to shout ; the Lady Fairfax, womanly woman 
that she was, is compelled to retire, and goes to her home, 
happier that she has spoken her protest. 

To the charge, " In the name of the people of England, 
Charles Stuart is accused of treason, tyranny, of all the mur- 
ders and rapines that had happened in the war ; weightiest 
charge of all, that he had raised war against the parliament," 
what will this Charles Stuart answer ? 

" Sir," says Bradshaw, rising from his chair, "you have 
heard your charge, containing such matters as appear in it ; 
and in the close it is prayed that you answer to your charge, 
which this Court expects." 

" By what authority," asks the king, — for he had been 
posted upon the law by Sir Matthew Hale, — " by what au- 



140 APPENDIX. 

thority do you bring your most rightful sovereign to trial 
against the public faith ? By what authority ? " emphati- 
cally he demands. Again he bids them declare by what au- 
thority his subjects have arrogated to themselves the power 
of constituting themselves the king's judges. Nevertheless, 
whatsoever they did, he, Charles Stuart, was resolved not to 
betray the charge committed to him by God, and confirmed 
by ancient descent. 

Bradshaw, in his brutal way, will hear nothing. The 
king is called to account by authority of the people of Eng- 
land, by whose election he was admitted king. " What be- 
comes of your divine right now, Sir King ? " 

" But," the king replies, " the kingdom descended to me 
in no wise." He was by no means " elected : " his right as 
sovereign of England was confirmed by hereditary right, 
extending over a thousand years. He stood there that day 
to assert the liberties of the people of England, in fact, by 
refusing this unlawful and arbitrary authority claimed by 
the court. What is this assembly ? It does not represent 
the people of England. The authority and power of the 
people is shown in the parliament ; and one element of that 
parliament is absent, — the lords. Moreover, where is the 
king? King, lords, and commons constitute the parlia- 
ment which represents the people. " I desire again that you 
will produce your authority for trying me." 

Bradshaw again and again interrupts : the king's protests 
are evidently having some weight. See how that man nods 
his head, and this judge shifts about uneasily in his chair, 
and the soldier over there looks half ashamed of his treason ! 
If this goes on much longer — 

The court must be adjourned; and Charles goes back 
whence he came, under the inconceivably brutal dismissal 
of the president. 

Then another day comes, when the king stands again in 
the same place ; and Cook, the solicitor for the self-styled 
people of England, moves that Charles Stuart may make a 
positive answer to the charges against him. More protests. 
There were weighty reasons why he could not prosecute his 
defence before the judges, and acknowledge a new form of 
j udicature. By what law had ever any judges power to erect 
a judicature against their king? Why, they themselves de- 
rived their own power of the king. God's law commanded 
obedience unto princes : nor by man's laws, nor by the laws 
of the land, had they any authority. 



"" WESTMINSTER HALL. 141 

The Court were abundantly satisfied of their authority ; 
neither would they hear any reasons that would detract from 
their power. 

" Where in all the world is that court," asks Charles, 
" in which no place is left for reason ? " At least they will 
permit him to exhibit his objections in writing; which if 
they can satisfactorily answer, then he will yield himself to 
their jurisdiction. 

Bradshaw becomes angry : he frets, he fumes. The court 
shall be adjourned again. The soldiers are more brutal 
than on the first day. They resort to all manner of disgust- 
ing and oft" ensive insults : they even, in their rude insolence, 
mix powder in the palms of their hands, and fire it so that 
the stench shall offend the smell of the dainty king. What 
cares he, poor man ? He knows full well their ignorance. 
He turns about, and lifts his eyes, and smiles upon them, 
as if to say, "They know not what they do." An officer 
comes forward to remove Charles Stuart. 

" Remember that 'tis your king from whom you turn away 
your ear," says he. "In vain, certainly, will my subjects 
expect justice from you who stop your ears to your king, 
ready to plead his cause." 

" God bless you, sir ! " says an honest fellow in steel hard 
by the king's chair; which provokes a lusty blow from the 
man's superior. 

"Methinks," says Charles, "the punishment exceedeth 
the offence," and so passes out. 

Again the third day comes ; and the rabble shout for jus- 
tice and execution. The king again protests. The presi- 
dent threatens. On the morning of the fourth and last day 
a scene occurs in a lodging over yonder, where Bradshaw, in 
robe of scarlet, awaits the hour for the court's assembling. 

Dame Bradshaw fears both God and man : she is dread- 
fully concerned for the king. She beseeches her husband, 
by his hopes of happiness here and hereafter, to absent him- 
self from the bench that day, — the 24th of January, 1049. 
" Do not," she implores, " sentence this earthly king, for 
fear of the dreadful sentence of the King of heaven. You 
have no child : why should you do such a monstrous act to 
favor others ? " 

" Tush ! " says the husband. Yet he confesses, musingly, 
the king has done him no harm. " He shall have none ex- 
cept what the law commands." Intoxicated man ! 

This great hall is crowded again ; for humanity is brutal 



142 APPENDIX. 

at times. Judgment was to be proclaimed. The judges are 
all seated ; the soldiers cease their scoffing ; the spectators look 
anxious, and wish the land was well rid of the trouble. The 
king alone is unmoved. Then that infatuated Bradshaw 
begins a vulgar, tiresome, and absurd tirade, wherein he ag- 
gravates the contumacy of the king, and asserts the hateful- 
ness of his crimes. He produces parliamentary authority 
(especially out of Scotland) for punishing kings. He affirms 
that the power of the people of England over their king is 
not less. This man has waged war against the parliament : 
he is a tyrant, a traitor, a murderer, and a public enemy to 
the Commonwealth. He (Bradshaw) argues that rex est, 
(lion bene regit, tyrannus qui populum opprimit, and by this 
definition lodges on the king arbitrary government which he 
sought to put upon the people. The king's treasons are a 
breach of trust to the kingdom as 'his superior ; and he is 
therefore called to an account. Minimus majorem in judicium 
vocat. His murders are many too ; for is he not wholly re- 
sponsible for those committed in the w T ars between him and 
his people ? All this innocent blood cannot be cleansed but 
by the blood of him that shed the blood. Then judgment 
is given. 

" This Court doth adjudge that he, the said Charles Stu- 
art, as a tyrant, traitor, murderer, and public enemy to the 
good people of this nation, shall be put to death by severing 
his head from his body." 

Then all the judges rise as a tacit acknowledgment of 
their acquiescence and consent. " Will you hear me for a few 
moments ? " asks the king. Bradshaw will not hear him. 
" Sir, you are not to be heard after the sentence." 

" No, sir? " inquires Charles. 

" No, sir, by your favor. Guards, withdraw your prison- 
er ! " impetuously shouts the president. 

And this great hall of England's kings was cleared till it 
was wanted for another great scene in England's history. 
That day was not far off. On the 26th of June, 1G57, Crom- 
well was installed here Lord-Protector of the Commonwealth 
of Great Britain and Ireland. 



SUBURBAN RESORTS. 143 



SUBURBAN RESORTS. 



Not the least of the luxuries of visiting London is to 
know that within half an hour's ride of its miles of crowded 
streets — to the east, west, north, or south — is country, 
which for rare beauty cannot be surpassed in any other part 
of England. Nothing, indeed, can be more lovely than the 
neighborhood of Richmond, or more delicious than a summer 
morning's roamings through the avenues of blooming chest- 
nut-trees in Bushey Park. There is no part of England at 
all to be compared for luxurious cultivation to Kent. And 
Middlesex can show something of the quiet beauties of sub- 
urban London in Hampstead and the neighborhood about 
the Baroness Burdett-Coutts's charming residence at High- 
gate Hill. There can't be much difficulty in choosing a 
place where a day may be spent amid green fields and 
health-giving air, away from the toil and hubbub and 
smoke and dirt of great London. You may, should incli- 
nation serve, go down to the sea for a trifle in a swift lit- 
tle river steamer, studying " cockney " life aboard, and won- 
dering by the way at the prodigious extent of mercantile 
London ; at its acres of docks, and miles of shipping, and 
great granaries, and warehouses and stores full of the rich 
products from countries in every quarter of the globe. You 
may see the Union Jack floating from that beautiful pile of 
solid buildings built by Charles II. at the foot of Green- 
wich Park, and point out to your friends one of the first 
arsenals in the world at Woolwich. You may view that 
marvel of modern London, the pumping station of the Lon- 
don Main Drainage Works at Crossness ; and onward yet 
to the sea, past the uplands of Kent in the distance on the 
right, and the lowlands of Middlesex in the left foreground, 
vividly bringing to the imagination the scenes in " Great 
Expectations." You shall pass sweet little Rosherville, 
with its tiny yachts at anchor in the still water under the 
terrace ; and dart by Gravesend ; and soon be off the Nore, 
drinking in — the doctors can say how much in an hour — 
draughts of ozone from the ocean, a fresh lease of life for 
the morrow. 

London gets fatiguing after several days of continuous 
sight-seeing ; and then it would be well for the visitor to plan 
out for himself a day's outing in the suburbs. There are 
Mortlake and Twickenham, and Richmond, Kew, and 



144 APPENDIX. 

Windsor, — all places on the outskirts of which a great deal 
of the quiet life of rural England may be studied. This 
advertisement appears in the London newspapers during the 
summer months : " Kew Gardens are open free to the pub- 
lic every day, including Sunday. The Iron and Citizen 
Steamboats run to Kew daily, calling at Putney and Ham- 
mersmith every half-hour; commencing at 11, a.m., from 
the Cadogan Pier, Chelsea, in conjunction with the ordinary 
ten-minutes Chelsea boats." 

Here is the very opportunity. Take a steamboat from 
Westminster Bridge to Chelsea, and you will be sure of 
catching the Kew boat on the half-hours. Kew Gardens are 
rich in flowers of every hue, and trees and plants of every 
kind. Not the millionnaires of the metropolis, not the Duke 
of Devonshire at Chatsworth, not royalty itself at Windsor 
or Buckingham Palace, can make a more goodly show. 

There are two attractions at Kew, — the Botanic Gardens 
and the Pleasure Grounds, covering seventy-five acres of 
ground. Money has been wisely and lavishly spent upon 
the place. An immense conservatory, with accompanying 
flower-gardens, has been prepared ; many new and superior 
plant-houses have recently been erected ; a museum founded ; 
a pinetum planted ; and the whole has been thrown open for 
the benefit of the public. To fill these gardens and conser- 
vatories, all the ends of the earth are ransacked for their 
floral treasures. The Museum of Economic Botany is of 
great value to the student. 

One tree in the open grounds has a peculiar interest. It 
is a willow, now fifty feet high, which, when planted in 
1825, was a small twig cut from one of the trees which over- 
hung the grave of Napoleon at St. Helena. As an accom- 
paniment to the entrance-gates, the large conservatory on 
the right was brought from Buckingham Palace. The 
splendor of the palm-house at once attracts the eye. It con- 
tains nearly an acre of glass. The total length is 362 ft. 6 
inches, the centre portion being 137 ft. 6 inches long, 101 ft. 
wide, and 69 ft. high to the top of the lantern light : the 
wings are each 112 ft. 6 inches long, 50 ft. wide, and 33 ft. 
to the lantern. A gallery runs round the centre portion of 
the house at a height of 27 ft. above the floor. For plants 
requiring a heat of eighty degrees, twelve boilers are placed 
in two vaults under the house ; and upwards of 4^ miles of 
iron pipes, distributed under the floor and stone tables sur- 
rounding the house, give a heating surface of about 28,000 



SUBURBAN RESORTS. 145 

superficial feet. The heated air ascends through a perfo- 
rated floor of cast-iron plates, supported on iron columns and 
girders, except where stone-paved paths interfere. The 
rain-water is conveyed through hollow pillars of support to 
a tank under a stone shelf round the whole of the interior 
of the building, where its temperature is raised by its close 
contiguity to the heating-pipes. The tank is capable of 
containing 42,000 gallons. Water is also supplied from the 
River Thames by means of a steam-engine and pumps, from 
an iron tank fixed at a height of seventy-five feet in the 
tower, whence pipes distribute the water to the gallery and 
other parts of the house. The cost was altogether 33,000/. 
The temperate house was erected at a cost of about 10,0007. 
It is money w r ell spent ; for the gardens are amongst the 
finest of their kind in the world. 

A very economical trip indeed is to take the rail at King's 
Cross, and go down to the Alexandra Park at Muswell Hill. 
We would suggest to all American lovers of English scenery 
to visit this spot in Northern London ; for it recalls many 
scenes of other times. Time out of mind, the citizens of old 
London have rejoiced in the green lands of old Hornsey; 
and in the old time many a stately and royal cavalcade has 
passed that w T ay. Hornsey Wood was the ground where 
monarchs would hunt in days gone by ; and in the middle 
of this same wood was a chapel where lived — it is said — a 
holy saint who cured a Scottish king of a mortal complaint; 
and ever since that day, some centuries back, Muswell Hill 
has kept a name among the places in England celebrated 
for their sanitary virtues. At its foot poets have loved to 
nestle. " Lalla Rookh " was written in a cottage on one side 
of it; Sam Rogers sleeps in pretty Hornsey churchyard close 
by ; Leigh Hunt was born in the village of Southgate, but a 
half-mile off on the other side. Climb the hill on a clear 
day. and you will have before you one of those panoramas 
exclusively English in their beauty. At your feet lies 
Wood Given, not long since a wild common, now a thickly- 
populated town. Here is Hornsey ; there is Higbgate, with 
its rural beauties, not the least of which are the grounds 
about Holly Lodge, the abode of the lady whose name has 
become famous everywhere for her munificent, unostenta- 
tious Christian charity. Coleridge's Hampstead is not a 
great way off, — that Hampstead about whose lanes and 
by-paths Charles Dickens often loved to linger, and which 
is associated with the great men and statesmen, and poets 

10 



146 APPENDIX. 

and painters, of other days. Elia — dear, good Elia — crops 
np, too, in the memory ; for there in the distance lies Charles 
Lamb's Enfield. We can see Tottenham and Edmonton, and 
the vestiges of Epping Forest, and the glimmering in the 
distance of the Crystal Palace at Sydenham. Miiswell Hill 
is a spot rarely visited by Americans, yet surrounding it are 
some of the prettiest bits of scenery in the world. 

Every one goes to Richmond ; and every one dines at the 
Star and Garter, when he or she gets there ; and every one 
lolls out of the window, and exclaims, " How superbly 
lovely ! " Or, if every one doesn't, every one ought to ; for 
it happens to be one of the most fairy-like spots in existence. 
Sir Walter Scott gives the following description of it in 
the " Heart of Mid-Lothian." Jeannie Deans accompanies 
the Duke of Argyll in his carriage from London to seek an 
interview with Queen Caroline. " After passing through a 
pleasant village [Richmond], the equipage stopped on a 
commanding eminence, where the beauty of English land- 
scape was displayed in its utmost luxuriance. Here the 
duke alighted, and desired Jeannie to follow him. They 
paused for a moment on the brow of a hill to gaze on the 
unrivalled landscape which it presented. A huge sea of 
verdure, with crossing and intersecting promontories of 
massive and tufted gorses, was tenanted by numberless flocks 
and herds, which seemed to wander unrestrained and un- v 
bounded through the rich pastures. The Thames, here tur- 
reted with villas, and there garlanded with forests, moved 
on slowly and placidly like the mighty monarch of the 
scene, to whom all its other beauties were but accessories, 
and bore on its bosom a hundred boats and skirl's, whose 
white sails and gayly-fluttering pennons gave life to the 
whole. ' This is a fine scene,' said the duke to his com- 
panion : ' we have nothing like it in Scotland.' — ' It's braw 
rich feeding for the cows, and they have a fine herd of cattle 
here,' replied Jeannie ; 'but I like just as well to look at 
the crags of Arthur's Seat, and the sea coming in against 
them, as at a' the muckle trees.' " Richmond should be 
seen in the month of June. It is a charming drive from 
London, especially by way of Wandsworth and Wimbledon 
Common. For those who cannot afford the time or expense, 
trains leave nearly every hour from Waterloo Bridge. 

Another beautiful outskirt of London is Hampton Court, 
by South-western Railway, three-quarters of an hour distant 
from Waterloo Station. The state apartments are open gra- 



WINDSOR. 147 

tuitously to the public on every day except Friday (when 
they are closed for the purpose of being cleaned), from 10 
o'clock, a.m., until 6 o'clock {Sundays from 2 to G), from the 
1st of April to the 1st of October, and the remainder of the 
year from 10 until 4. The Vinery in the Private Garden, and 
the Maze in the Wilderness, are open every day until sunset : 
for these a small fee is required by the gardeners who show 
them. Guide-books (price Qd. and 3d.), containing a com- 
plete catalogue of the pictures, may be had in the Palace. 



WINDSOR. 



Windsor is inexpressibly lovely ; and one long summer's 
day must be spent in studying its many and varied beauties. 
The state apartments at the Castle are open gratuitously on 
Mondays, Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Fridays, — from 1st 
April to 31st October, between 11 and 4; and from 1st 
November to 31st March, between 11 and 3. Tickets may 
be procured at Messrs. Colnaghi, printsellers, 14 Pall Mall, 
east. The Castle must be seen ; St. George's Chapel must 
be looked over very carefully ; a walk must be taken in the 
glorious park ; and a point should be made of taking a drive 
by the Long Walk (three miles long) to Virginia Water. 
Guide-books may be procured of Messrs. Colnaghi, at the 
price of a penny. 

The scenery in many parts of Windsor Great Park is 
especially lovely, and chiefly from the disposition of the 
trees. Several of the largest are known by the names of 
former royal occupants of the castle : thus there is an oak 
in the Broad Walk called William the Conqueror's Oak, 
said to be over twelve hundred years old. Jesse, in his 
" Scenes and Occupations of Rural Life,'* says, " It may not 
be generally known that some of the queens of England 
have been in the habit of choosing an oak or beech tree in 
Windsor Forest, to which they have given their names, 
which, with the date of the month, and year of selection, is 
engraved on a brass plate, and screwed securely to the tree. 
In one of the most beautiful and retired parts of the forest 
may be seen Queen Anne's Oak, the oak of the amiable 
wife of George II., Queen Caroline, the oak of Queen 
Charlotte, the oak of the excellent Queen Adelaide, as 
well as that of her present Majesty." 



148 APPENDIX. 

But perhaps the greatest attractions at Windsor are to be 
found in St. George's Chapel, which is one of the most cele- 
brated edifices in the world, being the chapel of the Knights 
of the Garter. It is rich in historic interest, and is a grand 
specimen of the florid-Gothic style of architecture in vogue 
in the days of Edward the Fourth. The interesting archives 
of the llecord Office in London show a patent of Richard 
II., with the date 1390, describing the chapel as falling into 
ruins, and appointing a clerk of the works to superintend its 
repair. The salary of this functionary was to be two shil- 
lings a day (somewhere about three thousand .dollars per 
annum of modern American money) ; and the name of the 
man first appointed to the post was Geoffrey Chaucer ! 

The greater part of the edifice, as it now r stands, may be 
attributed to Edward the Fourth ; and as a specimen of the 
elegant style of the architecture of that time, known as the 
florid-Gothic, it is at once the most beautiful and complete 
to be found throughout England, Its interior space is 
formed into a choir, nave, and correspondent aisles ; the choir 
being divided from, the nave by a magnificent screen of 
artificial stone. The roof is elliptical in form, — composed 
of stone, — rising from tall, slender pillars, which gives the 
interior of the chapel a surprisingly light and elegant ap- 
pearance. 

Entering the choir from the nave, beneath the organ 
gallery, the sight is one of the most impressive that can 
be imagined. On either side, almost black with age, are the 
carved stalls of the Knights of the Garter, the canopies being 
sculptured in the most delicate yet fantastic Gothic. 
Above, hanging solemnly still, are the rich silken banners 
of each knight, with his mantle, sword, helmet, and crest 
on a pedestal below. In front, over the altar, is a splendid 
example of art by one of the most celebrated painters 
of the last century, West, — the Last Supper. The wain- 
scoting surrounding the communion-table is rich in wonder- 
ful carving. The lofty windows of ancient stained glass 
throw streams of mellowed light on the marble pavement 
below ; and the whole forms a picture, which, once seen, is 
not readily forgotten. 

There are whole pages of history written in few words on 
the backs of some of the stalls of the Knights of the (Tarter. 
As the chapel is so entirely associated with that order of 
chivalry so highly prized in Europe, a few words on its 
origin may not seem out of place. The most probable 



WINDSOR. 149 

cause of its foundation was the strong passion for military- 
glory that reigned within the breast of Edward the Third, 
its acknowledged founder. With the intent that his 
knights might have an opportunity of increasing their 
skill and hardihood by chivalrous exercises, he provoked 
among them a spirit of emulation and amity by restoring 
the ancient order of the " Table Ronde," which, according to 
the testimony of old authors, was soon after the Conquest, 
and occasionally until the reign of Edward the Confessor, 
erected in England for the entertainment of knights as- 
sembled to exercise themselves in feats of strength and 
courage, — qualities which then constituted almost the only 
recommendation to distinction. 

The following, translated from Beltz's " History of the 
Order," explains the whole thing in a few words : — 

"King Ed ward e made a great feast atWyndesore at Christ- 
mas, where lie renewed the Hound Table and the name of 
Arture, and ordered the order of the Garter, making Sainct 
George the patrone thereof." 

The date of this record is anterior to 1344. As regards 
the adoption of a garter as the symbol of the order, there is 
a variety of conflicting opinion : the most generally accepted 
story is, that, at a ball, the garter of the queen, or of some 
lady of the court, fell off casually as she danced. The mon- 
arch, one of the most courteous men of his time, picked it off 
the ground, and, observing the smiles of the courtiers at 
what might have been considered an act of gallantry, ex- 
claimed, " Honi soil qui mal y pense;" adding, that a garter 
should soon be held in such high estimation, that they 
should account themselves happy to wear it. 

On the back of the stalls in the choir, engraved on little 
plates of copper, are the names, titles, and arms of each 
knight that has occupied a seat in the chapel from the date 
of the foundation of the order. On the decease of a knight, 
his sword, banner, and other insignia, are taken down : but 
the plate remains as a record ; and very curious records they 
form. From them we learn that Charles V., Emperor of Ger- 
many, and another celebrated man, Francis I. of France, for- 
got their ancient rivalry in one respect by submitting to be 
enrolled members of a society whose fundamental charter is 
unswerving fidelity to the common cause of brotherhood. 
The quaint old heraldic engravings further say, that, in 1418, 
Sigismund, Emperor of Germany; in 1452, Casimer, King of 



150 APPENDIX. 

Poland; a little later on, the unfortunate Earl of Surrey, of 
" Bluff King Hal's " times ; nearer our own times still, 
Charles I., whose body is buried not far off from the stall he 
once occupied ; William of Orange ; the first gentleman of 
Europe ; Nicholas, Emperor of Russia ; Napoleon III. of 
France ; William, Emperor of Germany ; Leopold, Emperor 
of Austria ; the Sultan of Turkey ; the King of the Belgians, 
— all consented to become knights of the order, and to send 
their insignia of knighthood, and banners of silk, to pro- 
claim in the Temple of Peace their common hatred of war. 
By the rules of the order, the sovereign of Great Britain can 
command a chapter to be held, and summon all knights to 
attend it, under certain penalties. Of course, the foreign 
members of the order would be exempt by courtesy ; but 
what nice little meetings might have been brought about if 
the sovereign from time to time had stood on his rights, and 
insisted, as essential to the dignity of the order, that every 
knight should attend in his stall at a chapter ! There had 
been no need then for any " Field of the Cloth-of-Gold." 

Not far from the altar, on the north side, is a small gal- 
lery called the " Queen's Closet." It is a plainly-furnished 
room, with sofa and chairs in purple velvet. The wainscot 
and canopy are in the Gothic style, painted to imitate Nor- 
way oak. The queen uses it on all occasions on which she 
attends service in the chapel. 

Below this gallery the remains of Edward the Fourth are 
deposited. Over his tomb is an exquisite monument in 
steel, representing a pair of gates between two Gothic towns, 
said to have been wrought by the hand of the celebrated 
Quentin Matsys, the blacksmith of Antwerp. On a flat 
stone at the base of the monument are the words, " King 
Edward IV. and his Queen Elizabeth Widdville." This 
vault was entered in 1789 in presence of King George. The 
remains were found enclosed in a leaden and wooden coffin, 
the latter measuring six feet three inches in length. Near 
the bones of the king was another coffin, supposed to have 
contained the body of Elizabeth Widdville. When the dis- 
covery was communicated, the neighboring inhabitants 
pressed with such eagerness to obtain a view and some relic 
of the remains, that the skeleton of the king, which upwards 
of three centuries had failed to reduce to its native ele- 
ment, would have been frittered away in as many hours if 
the doors of the chapel had not been closed against the press 
of people. 



WINDSOR. 151 

Henry the Sixth was also buried near the choir-door. In 
the royal vault, Henry the Eighth, Jane Seymour, and 
Charles the First, are buried. A manuscript memorandum 
in the possession of the castle authorities, written by one of 
the late chapter clerks (a Mr. Sewell), affirms, that "upon 
opening this vault for the interment of a still-born child of 
the Princess of Denmark, afterwards Queen Anne, he went 
into the vault, and there saw the coffins of King Henry VIII. 
and Queen Jane; also the coffin of King Charles L, covered 
with velvet, with a label on the cover, whereon was marked, 
'King Charles, 1648 ; ' that the velvet of the coffin and pall 
was sound, and in no ways rent ; that the pall laid over the 
coffin was as first flung on at the burial ; that the vault was 
small ; and that the new-born child was laid upon the coffin 
of the king." 

In a small chapel off one of the aisles, Lincoln, Queen 
Elizabeth's Lord High Admiral, is buried. The figure of 
the earl in armor, with his feet resting on a greyhound, is 
on the top of his tomb. One of the most exquisitely beau- 
tiful monuments in St. George's Chapel is the cenotaph of 
the Princess Charlotte of Wales. It represents the princess 
entirely covered with a cloth with the exception of one of 
the hands, watched by female attendants. . Her apotheosis 
takes place above ; while the spirit, which is a good likeness 
of its earthly tenement, is seen rising from a mausoleum in 
the background. A wonderful light shines upon the face 
of the figure from a painted window on the opposite side, 
producing an effect of surpassing loveliness. 

The stained glass windows are splendid examples of 
ancient art : one of them, the west window, fills the entire 
width of the nave ; whilst another, over the altar, in the 
choir, is considered a chef cVceuvre, and cost some thousands 
of pounds. The whole of the ceiling of the chapel proper 
is decorated with the arms of many sovereigns and knights 
of the Order of the Garter, beautifully emblazoned ; and all 
the decorations in the choir and around the wainscoting of the 
altar are in accordance with the same designs. The services 
of the Church of England are read daily in the chapel, 
morning and afternoon. On Sundays the seats are free to 
visitors, even when the royal family is present ; and, if a 
person be fond of fine music and singing, he will hear both 
at St. George's Chapel. Dr. Elvey of Oxford presides at 
the organ ; and the members of the choir are selected from 
the best male singers in England. 



C O O K'S 

Excursions, Tows, and General Travelling Arrangements, 

COOK, SON, &, JENKSNS, 262 Broadway, New York; 
and 104 Washington Street, Boston. 



THOMAS COOK &, SON, Fleet Street, London. 



PIONEERS, INAUGURATOPtS, and PROMOTERS of the principal Systems 

of Tours established in Great Britain and Ireland and the Continent of 

Europe, have opened a Branch of their house at 262 Broadway, New 

York, and are now giving increased attention to ordinary 

travelling arrangements, 

with a view to rendering it Easy, Practicable, and Economical 

During the past thirty-four years, over four million travellers have visited 
near and distant points, under their management, safely and pleasantly. 

Their arrangements are now so extensive, that they cover portions of the 
four quarters of the globe. 

At their office in New York can be found the railway and steamship tickets 
used by travellers for a journey through all parts of Ireland, Scotland, 
England, Wales, France, Germany, Bavaria, Austria, Holland, 
Belgium, Spain, Italy, Turkey, Egypt, Greece, The Levant, Pales- 
tine, India, China, &c. Sold in all cases at reductions from ordinary rates. 

THE STEAM NAVIGATION OF THE NILE 

is committed by the Khedive Government entirely to Messrs. Cook, Son, & 
Jenkins: the steamers (the onlv ones <>n the Nile) ply between Cairo and the 
first Cataract (about 600 miles)/ Tickets can be had, and berths secured, at 262 
Broadway. 

TOURS TO PALESTINE 
are rendered easy, safe, and economical by the superior arrangements of 
Messrs. Cook, Son, & Jenkins, who now have their own resident-manager in 
Beirout. They are. therefore, prepared to conduct large or small parties in 
the most comfortable manner through the country to Jerusalem, the Dead 
Sea, the Jordan, Damascus, Sinai, Ac. The parties can be so fixed as to go 
independently or under personal management any time between October and 
April. Over seven hundred ladies and gentlemen have visited Palestine under 
their arrangement. 

COOK, SON, & JENKINS' GENERAL TRAVELLING ARRANGEMENTS 

are so widely extended, that they can supply tickets to almost any point that 
tourists may wish to visit, in all cases at reductions, many ranging from 
twenty-five to forty-five per cent below ordinary fares; the regular travel- 
ling ticket being used in all cases, printed in English on one side, and in the 
language of the country where it is used on the other; and it contains all the 
information the traveller needs. 

Those contemplating a tour need only call on Messrs. Cook, Son, & Jenkins, 
262 Broadway, New York, giving the journey they propose; when the price of 
the tickets will he at once quoted. • 

COOK'S EXCURSIONIST 

is published monthly in New York, London, and Brussels, at 10 cents per copy, 
or 50 cents for the season, and contains programmes and lists to the number of 
nearly one thousand specimen tours; tickets for which are issued by Cook, 
Son, & Jenkins, with fares by every line of steamers leaving New York. 
The Excursionist can be had by mail, post-paid, upon application. 

All communications respecting European and Eastern tours and excursions 
to be addressed to 



COOK, SON, & JENKINS, 



262 Broadway, New York. 

153 



qooK's TCrcras 



IRELAND AND SCOTLAND. 

ISSUED SINGLY, OR IN COMBINATION WITH OCEAN 

STEAMER AND CONTINENTAL TOURIST 

TICKETS, 

BY 

COOK, SON, «fc JENKINS, 

Tourist and Excursion Managers, 262 Broadway, New York ; 
and 104 Washington St., Boston. 



The routes in the following pages, covering all the points of tourist in- 
terest in Ireland, Scotland, or England, are specially arranged for the henefit 
of those who may wi6h to visit these countries alone, or who may wish to take 
them en route to the Continent, as they can he worked in combination with all 
the tickets in our programmes, either going or returning. These tickets are 
good in either direction, and will suit equally well those landing at Queens- 
town, Cork, Londonderry, Belfast, or Glasgow, on their outward voy- 
age, or those who may wish to embark at those places on their return voy- 
age. 



SPECIAL NOTICE. — These tickets embrace 
the line of every railway company in Ireland, and 
are issued at a reduction of twenty per cent 
below ordinary fares, for the benefit of Cook's 
American Tourists only. Passengers who desire 
to visit Ireland or Scotland, en route to London 
and the Continent, must procure such tickets pre- 
vious to sailing, or otherwise pay ordinary fares. 
They are available for either first or second class. 

154 



IB.2SH TORTUS, 

FOE PASSENGEES LANDING AT QUEENSTOWN. 



3P«,:z*ois C^"oa.otod. ixa. G-oldl. 



Tours combining the Mountains of Kerry and Killarney 
Lake District. 

Route 1. — Queenstown to London, via rail to Cork, Macroom, thence 
across the mountains of Kerry hy jaunting-car, passing Inchigeela, Glen- 
gariffc, Kenmarc, to Killarney, rail to Mallow, Limerick Junction, Kildare, 
Dublin, thence steamer to Liverpool, and rail to Burton, Matlock, through the 
Derbyshire Peak District, Bakewell (for Ohatsworth), Rowsely (for Haddou 
Hall), Derby, Leicester, London, or vice versa. 

First class *gg g . 

Second class ^° 7o 

Route 2. — Queenstown to London, via Cork, Macroom, and car to Inchi- 
geela, Glengariffe, Kenmare, and Killarney, thence rail to Mallow, Limerick 
Junction, Kildare, Dublin, Balbriggan, Drogheda, Dundalk, Enmskillen 
(Loch Erne), Omagh, Strabane, Londonderry, Portrush (Giant's Causeway), 
Coleraine, Belfast, thence across Irish Channel by steamer around the Isle 
of Man to Barrow, Lancaster (Windermere and Cumberland Lake district), 
Leeds, Ambergate (for Haddon Hall and Chatsworth), Derby, Leicester, 
Bedford, London, or vice versa. 

First class &•*«> 95 

Second class ~ 8 < 5 

Route 3. — Queenstown to London, via Cork, Macroom, Inchigeela, Ken- 
mare, Killarney, Mallow, Dublin, Drogheda, Dundalk, Belfast, by steamer 
to Barrow, thence rail via Lancaster/Leeds, Sheffield, Ambergate Junction 
(for Derbyshire), Derby, Leicester, London, or vice versa. 

First class • *~ •* ?£ 

Second class 24 OO 

Route 4. —Queenstown to London, via Cork, Macroom, Inchigeela, Glen- 
gariffe, Kenmare, Killarney, Mallow, Kildare, Dublin, Balbriggan, Drogheda, 
Dundalk, Portadown, Belfast, thence across Channel, via Royal Mail Line 
of steamers, to Greenock, and up the Clyde, passing Dunba.ton Castle, to 
Glasgow, thence rail to Edinburgh, Melrose (for Abbotsford), Carlisle, 
Leedlj, Sheffield, Derby, Leicester, Bedford, London, or vice versa. 

First class *^9 OO 

Second class 31 *5 

155 



156 COOK'S TOURS. 

Route 5. — Queenstown to London, via same as Route No. 4, to Glasgow, 
thence by rail to Ayr (the home of Burns), and Carlisle, Leeds, Sheffield, 
Derby, Bedford, London, or vice versa. 

First class $39 25 

Isecoiul class 31 25 

Route 6. — Queenstown to London, via Cork, Macroom, Inchigeela, Ken- 
mare, Killarney, Mallow; Dublin, Drogheda, Dundalk, Enniskillen (Loch 
Erne), Londonderry, Portrush (Giant's Causeway), Belfast, Greenock, River 
Clyde, Glasgow, Ayr (or Edinburgh, or Melrose), to Carlisle, Leeds, Derby, 
Leicester, London, or vice versa. 

First class $45 75 

Second, class 36 00 

Route 7. — Queenstown to London, via Cork, Macroom, Inchigeela, Ken- 
mare, Killarney, Mallow, Dublin, Drogheda, Dundalk, Enniskillen (Loch 
Erne), Londonderry, Portrush (Giant's Causeway), Belfast, Greenock, Glas- 
gow, thence to Loch Lomond, Loch Katrine, Trossachs, Callander, Stirling, 
Edinburgh, Melrose, London, or vice versa. 

First class. . .' $51 40 

Second class 41 00 

Route 8. — Queenstown to London, rid Cork, Macroom, Inchigeela, Glen- 
gariffe, Kenmare, Killarney, Mallow, Limerick Junction, Clonmel, Water- 
ford, over Channel to New Milford, through South Wales, to London, or vice 
versa. 

First class $24 00 

• Second class 19 25 



Tours combining tlie Mountains of Kerry, Lakes of Kil- 
larney, and tlie Connemara District. 

Route 9. — Queenstown to London, via rail to Cork, Macroom, jaunting- 
car to Inchigeela, Glengariffe, Kenmare, Killarney, rail to Mallow, Limerick, 
Ennis, Atbenry, Galway, Atblone, Mullingar, Dublin, thence steamer, over 
Irish Channel, to Liverpool, Woodley (for Manchester), Buxton, Matlock, 
Bakewell (for Chatsworth), Rowsely (for Haddon Hall), Derby, Leicester, 
Bedford, London, or vice versa. 

First class .* $34 SO 

Second class 29 45 

Route 10. — Queenstown to London, via rail to Cork and Macroom, car 
to Glengariffe, Kenmare, and Killarney, rail to Mallow, Limerick, Ennis, 
Atbenry. and Gaiway, coach, through the Western Highlands and Conne- 
mara, to Westport, passing the finest scenery in the counties Galway and 
Mayo, thence rail to Castlebar, Roscommon, Athlone, Mullingar, Dublin, 
across Irish Channel to Liverpool, rail to Woodley (for Manchester), Mat- 
lock Baths, Buxton, Bakewell (for Chatsworth), Rowsely (for Haddon Hall), 
Derby, Bedford, London, or vice versa. 

First class , $34 80 

Second class 29 45 



COOK'S TOURS. 157 

Route 11. — Qneenstown to London, via rail to Cork, Macroom, car to 
Inchigeela, Glengariffe, Kenmare, and Killarney, rail to Mallow, Limerick, 
Ennis, Athenry, Galway, Dublin, Drogheda, Dundalk, Enniskillen, London- 
derry, Portrush, Belfast, thence over Channel, around the Isle of Man to 
Morecambe, Barrow, and rail to Lancaster (for Cumberland Lake District), 
Leeds, Sheffield, Ambergate (for Haddon Hall, Chatsworth, and Derbyshire 
Peak District), Derby, Leicester, Bedford, London, or vice versa. 

First class. 839 45 

Second class 31 65 

Route 12. — Qneenstown to London, via rail to Carlisle and Macroom, 
jaunting-car to Inchigeela, Glengariffe, Kenmare, and Killarney, rail to 
Mallow, Limerick, Ennis, Athenry, Galway, thence by car through the 
Western Highlands to Westport, rail to Castlebar, Roscommon, Athlone, 
Mullingar, Dublin, steamer, over Irish Channel, to Liverpool, Woodley (for 
Manchester), Matlock Baths, Buxton, Bakewell (for Chatsworth), Rowsely 
(for Haddon Hall), Derby, Leicester, Bedford, London, or vice versa. 

First class $34 80 

Second class 30 45 

Route 13. — Qneenstown to London, via rail to Cork and Mac-room, car 
to Inchigeela, Grlengariffe, Kenmare, Killarney, rail to Mallow, Limerick, 
Ennis, Athenry, Galway, Athlone, Dublin, Dundalk, Enniskillen (Loch 
Erne), Londonderry, Portrush (Giant's Causeway), Belfast, steamer to 
Greenock and Glasgow, rail either via Ayr or Edinburgh and Melrose to 
Carlisle, Leeds, Sheffield, Ambergate Junction (for Derbyshire), Derby, 
Leicester, London, or vice versa. 

First class 8*48 75 

Second class 38 90 

Route 14. — Qneenstown to London, via rail to Cork and Macroom, jaunt- 
ing-car to Inchigeela, Glengariffe, Kenmare, Killarney, rail to Mallow Junc- 
tion, Limerick, Ennis, Athenry, Galway, car through Western Highlands to 
Westport, rail to Castlebar. Roscommon, Athlone, Mullingar, Dublin, Bal- 
briggan, Drogheda, Dundalk, Enniskillen (Loch Erne), Omagh, Strabane, 
Londonderry, Portrush (Giant's Causeway), Belfast, steamer of Royal Mail 
Line to Greenock, the Clyde, and Glasgow, rail to Edinburgh, Melrose for 
Abbotsford, Carlisle (or rail to Ayr and Carlisle), Leeds, Sheffield, Amber- 
gate Junction (for Haddon Hall, Chatsworth, and Derbyshire Peak District), 
Derby, Leicester, Bedford, London, or vice versa. 

First class 8~4 45 

Second class 43 65 

Route 15. — Qneenstown to London, via rail to Cork and Macroom, car 
to Inchigeela, Glengariffe, Kenmare, Killarney, rail to Mallow, Limerick, 
Ennis, Athenry, Galway, Dublin, Dundalk, Enniskillen (Loch Erne), Lon- 
donderry, Portrush (Giant's Causeway), Belfast, steamer to Glasgow, then 
via Loch Lomond, Loch Katrine, Trossachs, Callander, Stirling, Edinburgh, 
Melrose, to London, or vice versa. 

First class 853 25 

Second class 43 90 

Route 16. — Queenstown to London, via rail to Cork and Macroom, jaunt- 
ing-car to Inchigeela, Glengariffe, Kenmare, and Killarney, thence rail to 
Mallow, Limerick, Ennis, Athenry, and Galway, car through Western High- 
lands to Westport, Castlebar, Roscommon, Athlone, Dublin, Balbriggan, 
Drogheda, Dundalk, Enniskillen (Loch Erne), Omagh, Strabane, London- 
derry, Coleraine, Portrush (Giant's Causeway), Belfast, Royal Mail Line of 
steamers across the Channel to Greenock, up tbe Clyde to Glasgow, thence 
by steamer, coach, and rail, to Loch Lomond, Loch Katrine, Trossachs, Cal- 



158 COOK'S TOURS. 

lander, Stirling, Edinburgh, Melrose (Abbotsford), Carlisle, Leeds, Sheffield, 
Ambergate Junction (for Derbyshire Peak District, Haddon Hall, and Chats- 
worth), Derby, Leicester, Bedford, London, or vice versa. 

First class $60 65 

Second class 49 65 

Route 17. — Queenstown to London, via rail to Cork and Macroom, thence 
by car to Inchigeela, Glengarift'e, Kenmare, Killarney, pail to Mallow, Lim- 
erick, Ennis, Athenry, G-alway, thence to Waterford, and by steamer across 
the Channel to Xew Milford, via Cardiff to London, or vice versa. 

First class $30 35 

Second class 24 25 

Route 18. — Queenstown to London, via rail to Cork, thence by car to 
Inchigeela, Glengariffe, Kenmare, Killarney, rail to Mallow Junction. Lim- 
erickrEnnis, Athenry, Galway, car through Western Highlands to West- 
port, rail to Castlebar, Roscommon. Athlone, Mullingar, Dublin. Balbriggan, 
Drogheda, Dundalk, Portadown. Belfast, Portrush (Giant's Causeway), and 
rail to Belfast, thence across Channel by Royal Mail Line Steamer to Green- 
ock, Dunbarton, and Glasgow, thence steamer, coach, and rail, to Loch 
Lomond, Loch Katrine, the Trossachs, Stirling, Edinburgh, Melrose (Abbots- 
ford and Drybursh), Carlisle, Leeds. Sheffield, Ambergate Junction (for 
Haddon Hall, Chatsworth, and Derbyshire Peak District), Derby, Leicester, 
Bedford, London, or vice versa. 

First class 860 70 

Second class 50 65 

Route 19. — Queenstown to London, via same route as No. 18, to Glas- 
gow, thence by rail to Ayr (the birthplace of Burns), Carlisle (for Cumber- 
land Lakes). Leeds, Sheffield. Ambergate Junction (for Haddon Hall, Chats- 
worth, and the Derbyshire Peak District). Derby, Leicester, London, or vice 
versa. 

First class $54 45 

Second class 44 65 

Route 20. — Queenstown to London, via rail to Cork and Macroom, car to 
Inchigeela, Glengariffe, Kenmare. and Killarney, rail to Mallow, Limerick, 
Ennis, Athenry, and Galway, car through Western Highlands to Westport, 
rail to Castlebar, Roscommon, Athlone, Mullingar, Dublin, Balbriggan, 
Drogheda. Dundalk, Enniskillen (Loch Erne), Omagh, Strabane, London- 
derry, Coleraine, Portrush (Giant's Causeway), Belfast, steamer over Chan- 
nel, around Isle of Man, to Morecambe and Barrow, rail to Lancaster (for 
Cumberland Lakes), Leeds, Sheffield. Ambergate Junction (for Haddon 
Hall, Chatsworth, and Derbyshire Peak District), Derby, Leicester, Bedford, 
London, or vice versa . 

First class $44 95 

Second class 36 90 



Direct All-Rail Tours, including Killarney. 

Route 21. — Queenstown to London, via Cork, Mallow, Killarney, and 
back to Mallow, Kildare, Dublin, thence by steamer over Channel to Liver- 
pool, Woodley (for Manchester), Buxton, Matlock Baths, Bakewell (for 
Chatsworth), Rowsely (for Haddon Hall), Derby, Leicester, Bedford, Lou- 
don, or vice versa. 

First class $35 80 

Second class... 30 75 



COOK'S TOURS. 159 

Route 22. — Queenstown to London, vid Cork, Mallow, Killarney, and 
back to Mallow, Kildare, Dublin, Balbriggan, Drogheda, Dundalk. Porta- 
down, Belfast, thence by steamer over Channel to Morecambe and Barrow, 
and rail to Lancaster (for Cumberland Lakes), Leeds, Sheffield, Ambergate 
(for Haddon Hall. Chatsworth, and Derbyshire Peak District), Derby, 
Leicester, Bedford, London, or rice versa. 

First class 825 25 

Second class 20 00 

Route 23. —Queenstown to London, rid Cork, Mallow, Killarney, and 
back to Mallow, Kildare, Dublin, Balbriggan, Drogheda, Dundalk. Ennis- 
killen (Loch Erne), Omagh, Strabane, Londonderry, Coleraine, Portrush 
(Giant's Causeway), Belfast, thence steamer over Channel, around Isle of 
Man, to Barrow, rail to Lancaster (for Cumberland Lakes), Leeds. Sheffield, 
Ambergate (for Haddon Hall, Chatsworth, and Derbyshire Peak District), 
Derby, Leicester, Bedford, London, or rice versa. 

First class 832 45 

Second class 24 80 

Route 24. — Queenstown to London, via Cork. Mallow. Killarney, and 
back to Mallow, Kildare, Dublin, Balbriggan, Drogheda, Dundalk, Porta- 
down, Belfast, thence by Royal Mail Steamer across Channel to Greenock, 
the Clyde, and Glasgow, thence rail to Edinburgh, Melrose (Abbotsford), 
Carlisle, Leeds, Normanton (for York), Ambergate Junction (for Had- 
don Hall, Chatsworth, and Derbyshire Peak District), Derby, Leicester, 
Bedford, London, or vice versa. 

First class 835 75 

Second class 27 25 

Route 25. — Queenstown to London, via Cork, Mallow, Killarney, Mal- 
low, Kildare, Dublin, Balbriggan, Drogheda, Dundalk, Portadown, Belfast, 
Royal Mail Steamer across Channel to Greenock, the Clyde, and Glasgow, 
thence by rail, coach, steamer, and rail, to Loch Lomond, Loch Katrine, the 
Trossachs, Callander. Stirling, Edinburgh, Melrose (Abbotsford and Dry- 
burgh Abbey), Carlisle, Leeds, Sheffield, Normanton (for York), Amber- 
gate (for Haddon Hall, Chatsworth, &c), Derby, Leicester, Bedford, Lon- 
don, or vice versa. 

First class 843 00 

Second class 32 35 

Route 26. — Queenstown to London, via Cork, Mallow, Killarney. Mal- 
low, Dublin, Drogheda, Dundalk, Enniskillen (Loch Erne), Londonderry, 
Portrush (for Giant's Causeway), Belfast, Glasgow by steamer and rail to 
Balloch. Loch Lomond, Loch Katrine, Trossachs, Callander, Stirling, Edin- 
burgh, Melrose, Leeds, Derby, Loudon, or vice versa. 

First class 848 25 

Second class 37 00 

Route 27. — Queenstown to London, vid Cork, Mallow, Killarney, Mal- 
low, Limerick Junction, Tipperary, Waterford, across Channel to New Mil- 
ford, and through Wales rid Cardiff to London, or vice versa. 

First class 820 50 

Second class 15 35 

Route 28. — Queenstown to London, vid Cork, Mallow, Killarney, Mal- 
low, Kildare, Dublin, Mullingar, Longford, Sligo, aud back to Dublin, Bal- 
briggan, Drogheda, Dundalk, Portadown, Belfast, steamer across Channel 
to Greenock and Glasgow, thence rail vid Ayr (or vid Edinburgh and Mel- 
rose), Carlisle, Leeds, "Sheffield, Derby, or vice versa. 

First class 835 75 

Second class 27 30 



160 COOK'S TOURS. 

Route 29. — Queenstown to London, vid Cork, Mallow, Killamey, Mallow, 
Kildare, Dublin, Mullingar, Athlone, Galway, thence by car through West- 
ern Highlands to Westport, rail to Castlebar, Roscommon, Dublin, Balbriggan, 
Drogheda, Dundalk, Portadown, Belfast, Portrush (G-iant's Causeway), and 
back to Belfast, Royal Mail Steamer over Channel to Greenock, the Clyde, 
and Glasgow, rail to Edinburgh, Melrose ( Abbotsford), Carlisle, Leeds, Nor- 
rnanton (for York), Ambergate (for Haddon Hall, Chatsworth, &c), Derby, 
Leicester, Bedford, London, vice versa. 

First class $57 45 

Second class 45 80 

Route 30. — Queenstown to London, vid Cork, Mallow, Killamey, Mallow, 
Limerick, Ennis, Athenry, Galway, Athlone, Mullingar, Dublin, Balbriggan, 
Drogheda, Dundalk, Portadown, Belfast, Royal Mail Steamer to Greenock, 
the Clyde, and Glasgow, thence rail to Edinburgh, Melrose, Carlisle, Leeds, 
Sheffield, Ambergate (for Haddon Hall and Chatsworth), Derby, Leicester, 
Bedford, London, or vice versa. 

Firs* class .$39 25 

Second class 30 25 

Route 31. — Queenstown to London, vid Cork, Mallow, Killamey, Mallow, 
Limerick, Ennis, Athenry, Galway, Athlone, Mullingar, Dublin, Balbriggan, 
Drogheda, Dundalk, Portadown, Belfast, thence by steamer across Irish 
Channel, around Isle of Man, to Barrow, and rail to Lancaster (for Cumber- 
land Lakes), Leeds, Normanton (for York), Sheffield, Ambergate (for Had- 
don Hall and Chatsworth), Derby, Leicester, Bedford, London, or vice 
versa. 

First class $29 75 

Second class 23 00 

Route 32. — Queenstown to London, vid Cork. Mallow, Killamey, Mallow, 
Limerick, Ennis, Athenry, Galway, Athlone, Mullingar, Dublin, Balbriggan, 
Drogheda, Dundalk, Enniskiilen (Loch Erne), Omagh, Strabane, London- 
derry, Ooleraine, Portrush (Giant's Causeway), Belfast, steamer across the 
Irish Channel to Barrow, thence by rail to Lancaster (for Cumberland Lakes), 
Leeds, Normanton (for York), Sheffield, Ambergate (for Haddon Hall and 
Chatsworth), Derby, Bedford, London, or vice versa. 

Firsf class $35 95 

Second class 27 70 

Route 33. — Queenstown to London, via Cork, Mallow, Killamey, Mallow, 
Limerick, Ennis, Athenry, Galway, Athlone, Mullingar, Dublin, thence by 
steamer over Channel to Liverpool, and rail to Woodley (for Manchester), 
Buxton, Matlock, Bakewell (for Chatsworth), Rowsely (for Haddon Hall), 
Derby, Leicester, Bedford, London, or vice versa. 

First class $25 80 

Second class 19 70 

Route 34. — Queenstown to London, via rail to Cork, Mallow, Killamey, 
Mallow, Limerick, Ennis, Athenry, Galway, thence by car through the 
Western Eighlands to Westport, and rail to Castlebar, Roscommon, Athlone, 
Mullingar, Dublin, and steamer across the Channel to Liverpool, rail to 
Woodley (.for Manchester), Buxton, Matlock, Bakewell (for Chatsworth), 
Rowsely (for Haddon Hall), Derby, Leicester, Bedford, London, or vice 
versa. 

First class $31 30 

Second class 23 45 



COOK'S TOURS. 161 

ROUTE 35. — Queenstown to London, via rail to Cork, Mallow, Killarney, 
Mallow, Limerick, Ennis, Athenry, Galway, thence by car through the 
Western Highlands and Connemara District to Westport, rail to Castlebar, 
Roscommon, Athlone, Dublin," Balhriggan, Drogheda, Dundalk, Enniskillen 
(Loch Erne), Omagh, Strabane, Londonderry, Coleraine, Portrush (Giant's 
Causeway), Belfast, thence by Royal Mail Steamer to Greenock, the Clyde, 
Glasgow,' thence by rail (vi'i Ayr or Edinburgh), Melrose, Carlisle, Leeds, 
Sheffield, Ambergate (for Haddon Hall and Chatsworth), Derby, Bedford, 
London, or vice versa. 

First class $50 93 

Second class 40 70 

Route 36. — Queenstown to London, via rail to Cork, Mallow, Killarney, 
Mallow, Kildare, Dublin, Mullingar, Athlone, Galway, Athenry, Ennis, 
Limerick, Waterford, and across the Channel to Milford Haven, thence by 
rail through Wales to London, or vice versa. 

First class $33 30 

Second class 25 45 

Route 37. — Queenstown to London, via rail to Cork, Mallow, Killarney, 
Mallow, Kildare, Dublin, Mullingar, Athlone, Roscommon, Castlebar, West- 
port, thence by car through the Western Highlands to Galway, and rail to 
Athenry, Ennis, Limerick, Waterford, across the Channel to Milford Haven, 
and through Wales to London, or vice versa. 

First clas« $38 80 

Second class 31 25 

Route 38. — Queenstown to London, via Cork, Killarney, Limerick, 
Athenry, Galway, thence to Dublin, Drogheda, Dundalk, Enniskillen (Loch 
Erne), Londonderry, Portrush (Giant's Causeway), Belfast, steamer to 
Glasgow, Loch Lomond, Loch Katrine, Trossachs, Callander, Stirling, Edin- 
burgh, Melrose, to London, or vice versa. 

First class : $51 70 

Second class 39 95 

Route 39. — Queenstown to London, via rail to Cork, Mallow, Killarney, 
Mallow, Limerick, Ennis, Athenry, Galway, then car through the Connema- 
ra Highlands to Westport, and rail to Castlebar, Roscommon, Athlone, Mul, 
lingar, Dublin, Balbriggan, Drogheda, Dundalk, Portadown, Belfast, Port- 
rush (Giant's Causeway), and back to Belfast, thence by Hoyal Mail Steamer 
across Irish Channel to Greenock and Glasgow, thence by rail, boat, and 
coach, to Loch Lomond, Loch Katrine, the Trossachs, Callender, Stirling, 
Edinburgh, Melrose, Carlisle, Leeds, Sheffield, Ambergate, Derby, Bedford, 
London, or vice versa. 

First class $56 30 

Second class 44 75 



Direct Tom*, omitting Killarney. 

Route 40. — Queenstown to London, via Cork, Limerick, Athenry, Galway, 
Dublin, Drogheda, Portadown, Belfast, Portrush (Giant's Causeway), back 
to Belfast, steamer to Barrow, rail via Leeds, Derby, Leicester, Loudon, or 
vice versa. 

First class $32 70 

Second class 27 20 

11 



162 COOK'S TOURS. 

Route 41. — Queenstown to London, vid Cork, Limerick, Athenry, Gal- 
way, Dublin, Drogheda, Portadown, Belfast, Portrneh (Giant's Causeway), 
back to Belfast, steamer to Glasgow, Loch Lomond, Loch Katrine, Tros- 
sachs, Glasgow, Edinburgh, Melrose, Waverley route, to London, or vice 
versa. 

First class $46 55 

Second class 36 50 

Route 42. — Queenstown to London, via Cork, Limerick, Athenry, Gal- 
way, Dublin, Drogheda, Dundalk, Enniskillen (Loch Erne), Londonderry, 
Portrush (Giant's Causeway), Belfast, steamer to Barrow, rail via Leeds, 
Derby, Leicester, London, or vice versa. 

First class $33 70 

Second class 25 25 

Route 43. — Queenstown to London, rid Cork, Limerick, Athenry, Gal- 
way, Dublin, Drogheda, Dundalk, Enniskillen (Loch Erne), Londonderry, 
Portrush (Giant's Causeway), Belfast, steamer to Glasgow, rail vid Ayr or 
Edinburgh, and Melrose to Carlisle, Leeds, London, or vice versa. 

First class $43 25 

Second class 33 45 

Route 44. — Queenstown to London, via same as above to Glasgow, 
thence to Loch Lomond, Loch Katrine, Trossachs, Glasgow, Edinburgh, 
Melrose (Waverley route), to London, or vice versa. 

First class $48 45 

Second class 3 7 45 

Route 45. — Queenstown to London, vid Cork, Limerick, Ennis, Athenry, 
Galway, Athlone, Mullingar, Dublin, then by steamer over Irish Channel to 
Liveipool, and rail vid Woodley (for Manchester), Buxton, Matlock, Bake- 
well (for Chatsworth), Rowsely (for Haddon Hall), Derby, Leicester, Bed- 
ford, London, or vice versa. 

First class $23 55 

Second class 17 35 

Route 46. — Queenstown to London, vid rail to Cork, Limerick, Ennis, 
Athenry, Galway, thence car through the Western Highlands to Westport, 
rail to'Castlebar, Roscommon, Athlone, Mullingar, and Dublin, steamer 
over Channnel to Liverpool, rail to Woodley, Buxton, Matlock, Derby, 
Leicester, Bedford, London, or vice versa. 

First class S38 00 

Second class 23 95 

Route 47. —Queenstown to London, vid Cork, Limerick, Athenry, Gal- 
way, Dublin, Drogheda, Portadown, Belfast, Portrush (Giant's Causeway), 
back to Carlisle, Leeds, Sheffield, London, or vice versa. 

First class $36 35 

Second class 37 70 

Route 48. —Queenstown to London, vid Cork, Mallow, Kildare, Dublin, 
steamer to Liverpool, and rail to London. 

First class $19 00 

Second class 14 35 

Route 49. —Queenstown to London, vid Cork, Dublin, Drogheda, Porta- 
down, Belfast, steamer across Channel to Glasgow, Loch Lomond, Loch 
Katrine, Trossachs, Callander, Stirling, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Waverley 
route, to London, or vice versa. 

First class $38 75 

Second class 39 75 



COOK'S TO UBS. 163 

Route 50.— Queenstown to London, rw Cork, Limerick, Athenry, Gal. 
way, Dublin, Drogheda, Dundalk, Enniskillen (Loch Erne), Londonderry, 
Portrush (for Giant's Causeway), Belfast, across the Channel to Barrow, 
rail to Leeds, Derby, Leicester, London, or vice versa. 

First class $33 70 

Second class 35 35 



For Passengers landing at Londonderry. 

Route 51. — Londonderry to London, via rail to Strabane, Omagh, Ennis- 
killen (Loch Erne), Dundalk, Drogheda, Balbriggan, Dublin, Mullingar, 
Athlone, Galway, Athenry, Limerick, Waterford, and across the Channel to 
Milford Haven, thence through Wales to London, or vice versa. 

First class $39 75 

Second, class 33 85 

Route 52. — Londonderry to London, via rail to Strabane, Omagh, Ennis- 
killen (Loch Erne), Dundalk, Drogheda, Balbriggan, Dublin, Mullingar, 
Athlone, Roscommon, Cast lobar, Westport, thence by car through the C'on- 
nemara Western Highlands to Galway, and rail to Athenry, Ennis, Lim- 
erick, Waterford, steamer, over Channel, to Milford Haven, and rail through 
Wales, via Cardiff, to London, or vice versa. 

First class $35 35 

Second class 38 60 

Route 53. — Londonderry to London, via rail to Coleraine, Portrush 
(Giant's Causeway), Belfast, Portadown, Dundalk, Drogheda, Balbriggan, 
Dublin, Mullingar, Athlone, Galway, Athenry, Ennis, Limerick, Waterford, 
steamer, over Channel, to Milford Haven, rail through Wales to London, or 
vice versa. 

First class $31 85 

Second class 34 35 

Route 54. —Londonderry to London, via rail to Coleraine, Portrush 
(Giant's Causeway), Belfast, Portadown, Dundalk, Drogheda, Balbriggan, 
Dublin, Mullingar, Athlone, Roscommon, Castlebar, Westport, car across 
the Connemara District and Western Highlands to Galway, thence rail to 
Athenry, Ennis, Limerick, and Waterford. steamer over Channel to Mil- 
ford Haven, and through South Wales by rail to London, or vice versa. 

First class $37 35 

Sccontl class 30 00 

Route 55. — Londonderry to London, via rail to Strabane, Omagh, Ennis- 
killen (Loch Erne), Dundalk, Drogheda, Balbriggan, Dublin, thence by 
steamer, over Channel, to Liverpool, and rail to Woodley (for Manchester), 
Buxton, Matlock Baths, Bakewcll (for Chatsworth, the Palace of the Peak). 
Rowsley (for Haddon Hall), Derby, Leicester, Bedford, London, or vice 
versa. 

First class $18 75 

Second class 14: 35 

Route 56. — Londonderry to London, via rail to Coleraine, Portrush 
(Giant's Causeway), Belfast, thence steamer, over Channel, around, to Isle of 
Man, to Barrow, thence rail to Lancaster (for Cumberland Lakes), Norman- 
ton (for York), Sheffield, Ambergate (for Chatsworth and Haddon Hall), 
Derby, Leicester, Bedford, London, or vice versa. 

Firstclass $16 40 

Second class 11 70 



164 COOK'S TOURS. 

Route 57. — Londonderry to London, via rail to Coleraine, Portrush (Gi- 
ant's Causeway), Belfast, Portadown, Dundalk, Drogheda, Balbriggan, 
Dublin, and steamer, over Channel, to Liverpool, thence by rail to Woodley 
(for Manchester, 7 miles distant), Buxton, Matlock Batbs, Bakewell (for 
Chatsworth, the Palace of the Peak), Rowsely (for Haddon Hall), Derby, 
Leicester, Bedford, London, or vice versa. 

First class $20 85 

Second class 15 55 

Route 58. — Londonderry to London, rid rail to Strabane, Omagh, Ennis- 
killen (Loch Erne), Dundalk, Drogheha, Balbriggan, Dublin, Kildare, Mal- 
low, Killarney, Limerick Junction, Waterford, over Channel to Milford 
Haven, and through Wales to London, or vice versa. 

Fir-st class $33 00 

Second class 24 15 

Route 59. —Londonderry to London, via rail to Coleraine, Portrush (Gi- 
ant's Causeway), Belfast, Portadown, Dundalk, Drogheda, Balbriggan, 
Dublin, Kildare, Mallow, Killarney, Limerick Junction, Waterford. and 
steamer, over Irish Channel, to Milford Haven, thence rail through Wales, via 
Cardiff, to London, or vice versa. 

First class $34. 10 

Second class 25 50 

Route 60. — Londonderry to London, via rail to Strabane, Omagh, Ennis- 
killen (Loch Erne), Dundalk, Drogheda, Balbriggan, Dublin, Mullingar, 
Athlone, Galway, Athenry, Ennis, Limerick, Killarney, Limerick Junction, 
Clonmel, Waterford, steamer, over Channel, to Milford Haven, thence through 
Wales to London, or vice versa. 

First class $35 50 

Second class 27 15 

Route 61. — Londonderry to London, via rail to Coleraine, Portrush (Giant's 
Causeway), Belfast, Portadown, Dundalk, Drogheda, Balbriggan, Dublin. 
Mullingar, Athlone, Galway, Athenry, Ennis, Limerick, Killarney, Limerick 
Junction, Clonmel, Waterford, and steamer, over Channel, to Milford Haven, 
thence rail through Wales to London, or vice versa. 

First class $37 60 

Second class 38 45 

Route 62. — Londonderry to London, via rail to Strabane, Omagh, Ennis- 
killen (Loch Erne), Dundalk, Drogheda, Balbriggan, Dublin, Mullingar, 
Athlone, Roscommon, Castlebar, Westport, thence by car across the West- 
ern Highlands of Connemarato Galway, and rail to Athenry, Ennis, Limer- 
ick, Killarney, Limerick Junction, Clonmel, and Waterford, thence steamer, 
over Channel, to Milford Haven, and rail to London through Wales, or vice 
versa. * 

First class $41 00 

Second class 32 85 

Route 63— Londonderry to London, via rail to Coleraine, Portrush (Gi- 
ant's Causeway), Belfast, Portadown, Dundalk, Drogheda, Balbriggan, 
Dublin, Mullingar, Athlone. Roscommon. Castlebar, and Westport, thence 
by car. through the Western Highlands of Connemara. to Galway, thence rail 
to Athenry, Ennis, Limerick, Killarney, Limerick Junction, Clonmel, and 
Waterford, thence steamer, over Channel, to Milford Haven, and rail to Lon- 
don through Wales, or vice versa. 

First class $43 15 

Second class 35 25 



COOK'S TOURS. 165 

Route 64. — Londonderry to London, via rail to Strabanc, Omagh, Ennis- 
killen' (Loch Erne), Dundalk, Droghcda, Balbriggan, Dublin, Mullingar, 
Athlone, Roscommon, Castlebar, Westport, thence by car, through the West- 
ern Highlands of Connemara, to Galway, thence rail to Athenry, Ennis, 
Limerick, and Killarney. thence by car to Kenmare, Grlengariffe and moun- 
tains of Kerry to Macroom, rail to Cork, Limerick Junction, Clonmel, and 
Waterford, and steamer, ovei* the Channel, to Milford Haven, and rail to 
London via Wales, or vice versa. 

First class $46 25 

Second class 37 85 

Route 65. — Londonderry to London, via rail to Coleraine, Portrush (Gi- 
ant's Causeway), Be'fast, Portadown, Dundalk, Drogheda, Balbriggan, 
Dublin, Mullingar. Athlone, Roscommon, Castlebar, Westport, and same as 
route above to London, or vice versa. 

First class $47 35 

Second class 39 15 

Route 66. — Londonderry to London, via rail to Strabane, Omagh Ennis- 
killen (Loch Erne), Dundalk, Drogheda, Balbriggan, Dublin, Mullingar, 
Athlone, Galway, Athenry, Limerick, Killarney, Mallow, Kildare, Dublin, 
across Channel to Liverpool, thence rail to Woodley (for Manchester, seven 
miles distant), Buxton, Matlock Baths, Bakewell (for Chatsworth, the Palace 
of the Peak), Rowsely (Haddon Hall), Derby, Leicester, Bedford, London, 
or vice versa. 

First class $37 25 

Second class 28 60 

Route 67.— Londonderry to London, via rail to Coleraine, Portrush (Giant's 
Causeway), Belfast, Portadown, Dundalk, Drogheda, Balbriggan, Dublin, 
Mullingar, Athlone, Galway, and same as above to London, or vice versa. 

First class $42 85 

Second class 35 45 

Route 68. — Londonderry to London, via rail to Coleraine, Portrush (Gi- 
ant's Causeway), Belfast, Portadown, Dundalk, Drogheda, Balbriggan, 
Dublin, Mullingar Athlone, Roscommon, Castlebar, Westport, thence by 
car, through the Western Highlands of Connemara, to Galway, and rail to 
Athenry, Ennis, Limerick, Killarney. Mallow, Kildare, Dublin, and steamer, 
over Channel, to Liverpool, thence rail to Woodley (for Manchester), Buxton, 
Matlock, Bakewell (for Chatsworth), Rowsely (for Haddon Hall), Derby, 
Leicester, Bedford, London, or vice versa. 

First class $48 85 

Second class 35 75 

Route 69. — Londonderry to London, via rail to Strabane, Omagh, Ennis- 
killen (Loch Erne), Dundalk, Drogheda, Balbriggan, Dublin, Mullingar, 
Athlone, Roscommon, Castlebar, and Westport, thence by car, through the 
Western Highlands of Connemara, to Galway, thence rail to Athenry, Ennis, 
Limerick, and Killarney, thence by car, across the mountains of Kerry, to 
Kenmare, Glengariffe, Inchigeela, and Macroom, rail to Cork, Mallow, Kil- 
dare, Dublin, and steamer, over Channel, to Liverpool, rail to Woodley (for 
Manchester), Buxton, Matlock, Bakewell (for Chatsworth, the Palace of the 
Peak), Rowsely (for Haddon Hall), Derby, Leicester, Bedford, London, or 
vice versa. 

First class $48 00 

Secondclass 39 35 



166 COOK'S TOURS. 

Route 70. — Londonderry to London, via rail to Coleraine. Portrush 
(Giant's Causeway), Belfast, Portadown, Dundalk, Drogheda, Balbriggan, 
Dublin, Mullingar, Athlone, Roscommon, Castlebar, Westport, and same as 
above to London. 

First class $.~0 40 

Second class 43 70 

Route 71. — Londonderry to London, via rail to Strabane, Omagb, Ennis- 
killen (LocbErne), Dundalk, Drogbcda, Balbriggan, Dublin, Portadown, Bel- 
fast, steamer across Channel to Greenock, the Clyde, and Glasgow, thence 
rail to Edinburgh, Melrose (Abbotsford and Dryburgh), Carlisle, Ingleton, 
(for Cumberland Lake), Leeds, ShefficJd, Ambergate (for Chatsworth, Had- 
don Hall, and the " Peak " District), Derby, Leicester, Bedford, London, or 
vice versa. 

First class $33 35 

Second class 34 70 

Route 72. — Londonderry to London, rid rail to Coleraine, Portrush 
(Giant's Causeway), Belfast, steamer over Channel to Greenock, the Clyde, 
and Glasgow, then rail rid Ayr (the home of Burns), or to Edinburgh, 
Melrose (Abbotsford), Carlisle, Ingleton (for Cumberland Lake), Leeds, 
Sheffield, Ambergate (for Chatsworlh, Haddon Hall, and the " Peak" Dis- 
trict), Derby, Leicester, Bedford, London, or vice versa. 

First class $24 90 

Second class 19 00 

Route 73. — Londonderry to London, via rail to Coleraine, Portrush 
(Giant's Causeway), Belfast, thence by steamer across the Channel to Green- 
ock, the Clyde, and Glasgow, thence by rail, boat, and coach to Loch Lo- 
mond, Loch Katrine, the Trossachs, Callander, Stirling, Edinburgh, Melrose 
(Abbotsford, Dryburgh), Carlisle, Leeds, Sheffield, Ambergate (for Chats- 
worth. Haddon Hall, and the "Peak " District), Derby, Leicester, Bedford, 
London, or vice versa. 

First class $31 15 

Second class 34 00 

Route 74. — Londonderry to London, rid rail to Coleraine, Portrush 
(Giant's Causeway), Belfast, steamer across Channel to Greenock, the Clyde, 
and Glasgow, thence by rail, boat, and coach to Helej^sburg, Loch Long, 
Loch Lomond, Loch Katrine, the Trossachs, Callander, Stirling, Edinburgh, 
Melrose (Abbotsford), Carlisle, Leeds, Sheffield, Ambergate (for Haddon 
Hall and Chatsworth), Derby, Leicester, London, or vice versa. 

First class $31 65 

Second class 24 80 

Route 75. — Londonderry to London, rid rail to Coleraine, Portrush 
(Giant's Cause way), Belfast, steamer over Channel to Greenock and Glasgow, 
thence by boat do"wn the Clyde to Ardrishaig and the Crinan Canal to Oban 
(for Stafta and Iona), Ballacbulish (for Glencoe and Banavie), Banavie to 
Inverness via Caledonian Canal, railway from Inverness via Kingussie, 
Blair- Athol, Pass of Killicrankie to Dunkeld, Perth, and Edinburgh, thence 
to Melrose, Carlisle, Leeds, Sheffield, Ambergate, Derby, Leicester, London, 
or vice versa. 

First class $41 15 

Second class 33 55» 

Route 76. — Londonderry to London, via rail to Coleraine, Portrush 
(Giant's Causeway), Belfast, steamer over Channel to Greenock, the Clyde, 



COOK'S TOURS. 167 

Glasgow, rail, coach, and steamer to Balloch, Loch Lomond, Glenfalloch, 
Killin, Kenmare, Aberfeldy, Dankeld, Perth, Edinburgh, thence rail to 
London, via Melrose (Abbotsford), Carlisle, Leeds, Sheffield, Ambergate, 
Derby, Bedford, or vice versa. 

First class $31 65 

Second class 24 80 

Route 77. — Londonderry to London, via rail to Coleraine, Portrush 
(Giant's Causeway), and Belfast, thence steamer to Greenock and Glasgow, 
thence by boat down the Clyde to Ardrishaig, then through the Crinan Canal 
to Crinan and Oban (for Staffa and Iona), Oban to Ballachulish (for Glehcoe 
and Banavie), Banavie, via Caledonian Canal, to Inverness, thence by rail to 
Blair-Athol Pass of Killicrankie, Dunkeld, Perth, Edinburgh, Melrose, Car- 
lisle, Leeds, Sheffield, Ambergate, Derby, Leicester, London, or vice versa. 

First class $41 15 

Second class 32 55 

Route 78.— Londonderry to London, via rail to Coleraine, Portrush (Giant's 
Causeway), and Belfast, steamer over Channel to Greenock and Glasgow, 
thence down the Clyde to Ardrishaig, through the Crinan Canal to Oban (for 
Staffa and Iona), thence to Ballachulish (for Glencoe), Banavie, and through 
the Caledonian Canal to Inverness, thence by rail to Keith, Aberdeen, Perth, 
Stirling, Edinburgh, Melrose, Carlisle, Leeds, Sheffield, Ambergate, Derby, 
Leicester, Bedford, London, or vice versa. 

First class $41 45 

Second class 32 55 

Route 79. — Londonderry to London, via rail to Coleraine, Portrush 
(Giant's Causeway), and Belfast, thence by steamer across the Channel to 
Greenock and Gla'sgow, thence by boat to Oban through the Kyle of Bute 
and the Crinan Canal, thence by steamer to Portree and Strome Ferry, and 
by Skye Railway to Inverness, thence vail to Blair-Athol, Dunkeld, Perth, 
Fife, Edinburgh, Melrose, Carlisle, Leeds, Sheffield, Ambergate, Derby. 
Leicester, Bedford, London, or vi'e versa. 

First class $43 90 

Second class 35 55 

Route 80. — Londonderry to London, via rail to Coleraine, Portrush (Giant's 
Causeway), and Belfast, thence steamer across the Channel to Greenock 
and Glasgow, thence steamer down the Clyde, through the Kyles of Bun- to 
Oban, via Ardrishaig and Crinan, thence by steamer to Portree and Strome 
Ferry, Skye Railway to Inverness, thence rail to Kingussie, Blair-Athol, Kil- 
licrankie, Dunkeld, Stirling, Edinburgh, Melrose, Carlisle, Leeds, Sheffield, 
Ambergate, Derby, Leicester, Bedford, London, or vice versa. 

First class $43 90 

Second class 35 55 



Specimens of Extended Tours in Ireland, combining' tlie 
Highlands of Scotland. 

Route 147. — Queenstown to London, rid Cork, Mallow, Killarney, Lim- 
erick Junction, Kildare, Dublin, Balbriggan, Drogheda, Dundalk, Newry, 
Portadown, Belfast, steamer to Glasgow, Ardrishaig, Crinan Canal, Oban 
(for Staffa and Iona), Ballachulish" (for Glencoe), Banavie, Caledonian 
Canal, Inverness, rail to Dunkeld, Perth, Edinburgh, Melrose (for Abbots- 
ford), Carlisle, Ingleton (for English Lakes), Leeds, Sheffield, Derby, Leices- 
ter, Bedford, London, or vice xiersa. 

First class $53 00 

Second class 40 80 



168 COOK'S TOURS. 

Route 148. — Queenstown to London, via Cork, Macroom, car over the 
Mountains of Kerry to Inchigeela, Glengariffe, Kenmare, Killarney, Mal- 
low, Limerick Junction, Kildare, Dublin, Balbriggan, Drogheda, Dundalk, 
Newry, Portadown, Belfast, steamer to Glasgow, Ardrishaig, Crinan Canal, 
Oban (for Staffa and Iona), Ballacbulisb (for Glencoe), Banayie, Caledonian 
Canal, Inverness, rail to Dunkeld, Perth, Edinburgh, Melrose (for Abbots- 
ford), Carlisle, Ingleton (for English Lakes), Leeds, Sheffield, Derby, Leices- 
ter, Bedford, London, or vice versa. 

First class $55 45 

Second class 34 80 

ROUTE 149. — Queenstown to London, via Cork, Mallow, Killarney, Lim- 
erick, Ennis, Athenry, Galway, car through the "Western Highlands of Con- 
nemara to Westport, rail to Castlebar, Roscommon, Mullingar, Dublin, Bal- 
briggan, Drogheda, Dundalk, Newry, Portadown, Belfast, steamer to 
Glasgow, Ardrishaig, Crinan Canal, Oban (for Staffa and Iona), Ballachu- 
lish (for Glencoe), Banavie, Caledonian Canal, Inverness, rail to Dunkeld, 
Perth, Edinburgh, Melrose (for Abbotsford), Carlisle, Ingleton (for English 
Lakes), Leeds, Sheffield, Derby, Leicester, Bedford, London, or vice versa. 

First class $0100 

Second class 49 45 

Route 150. — Queenstown to London, via Cork, Macroom, car over the 
Kerry Mountains to Inchigeela, Glengariffe, Kenmare, Killarney, rail to 
Limerick, Ennis, Athenry, Galway, car through the Western Highlands of 
Connemara to Westport, rail to Castlebar, Roscommon, Athlone, Mullin- 
gar, Dublin, Balbriggan, Drogheda, Dundalk, Newry, Portadown, Belfast, 
steamer to Glasgow, Ardrishaig, Oban (for Staffa and Iona), Ballachulish 
(for Glencoe), Banavie, Caledonian Canal, Inverness, rail to Dunkeld, Perth, 
Edinburgh, Melrose (for Abbotsford), Carlisle, Ingleton (for English 
Lakes), Leeds, Sheffield, Derby, Leicester, Bedford, London, or vice versa. 

First class $64 50 

Second class 53 40 

Route 151. —Queenstown to London, rid Cork, Mallow, Killarney, Mal- 
low, Kildare, Dublin, Balbriggan, Drogheda, Dundalk, Enniskillen (Loch 
Erne), Omagh, Strabane, Londonderry, Coleraine, Portrush (Giant's Cause- 
way), Antrim, Belfast, steamer to Glasgow, Ardrishaig, Oban (for Staffa 
and Iona), Ballachulish (for Glencoe), Caledonian Canal, Inverness, rail to 
Dunkeld, Perth, Edinburgh, Melrose (for Abbotsford), Carlisle, Ingleton 
(for English Lakes), Leeds, Sheffield, Derby, Leicester, Bedford, Loudon, 
or vice versa. 

First class $58 2<* 

Second class 45 00 

Route 152. — Queenstown to London, rid Cork, Macroom, car over the 
Kerry Mountains to Inchigeela. Glengariffe, Kenmare. Killarney, rail to 
Mallow, Kildare, Dublin. Balbriggan, Drogheda, Dundalk, Enniskillen 
(Loch Erne), Omagh, Strabane, Londonderry, Coleraine, Portrush (Giant's 
Causeway), Antrim, Belfast, steamer to Glasgow, Ardrishaig, Oban (for 
Staffa and Iona), Ballachulish (for Glencoe), Banavie, Caledonian Canal, 
Inverness, rail to Dunkeld, Perth, Edinburgh Melrose (for Abbotsford), 
Carlisle. Ingleton (for English Lakes), Leeds, Sheffield, Derby, Leicester, 
Bedford, London, or vice versa. 

First class $61 70 

Second class 49 50 

Route 153. — Queenstown to London, via Cork. Mallow, Killarney, Lim- 
erick, Ennis, Athenry, Galway, car through the Western Highlands of Con- 
nemara to Westport, rail to Castlebar, Roscommon, Athloue, Mullingar, 



COOK'S TOURS. 169 

Dublin, Balbriggan, Drogheda, Dundalk, Enniskillen (Loch Erne), Omagh, 
Strabane, Londonderry. Coleraine.-Portrush (Giant's Causeway), Antrim, 
Belfast, steamer to Glasgow, Ardrisbaig, Oban (for Staffa and Iona), Balla- 
chulish (for Glencoe), Banavie, Caledonian Canal. Inverness, rail to Dun- 
keld, Perth, Edinburgh, Melrose (for Abbotsford). Carlisle, Ingleton (for 
English Lakes), Leeds, Sheffield, Derby, Leicester, Bedford, London, or 
vice versa. 

First class $68 20 

Second class 54 30 

Route 154. — Queenstown to London, via Cork, Macroom, car over the 
Kerry Mountains to Inchigeela, Glengariffe, Kenmare, Killarney, rail to 
Limerick, Ennis, Athenry, Galway, car through the Western Highlands of 
Connemara to Westport, rail to Castlebar, Roscommon. Mullingar, Dublin, 
Balbriggan, Drogheda, Dundalk, Enniskillen (Loch Erne), Omagh, Stra- 
bane, Londonderry, Portrush (Giant's Causeway), Coleraine, Antrim, 
Belfast, steamer to Glasgow, Ardrishaig, Oban (for Staffa and Iona), Balla- 
chulish (for Glencoe), Banavie, Caledonian Canal, Inverness, rail to Dun- 
keld, Perth, Edinburgh, Melrose (for Abbotsford) Carlisle, Ingleton (for 
English Lakes), Leeds, Sheffield, Derby, Leicester, Bedford, London, or 
vice versa. 

First class $70 70 

Second class 58 15 

Route 155.-*Queenstown to London, via Cork, Mallow, Killarney, Mal- 
low, Kildare, Dublin, Balbriggan, Drogheda, Dundalk, Newry, Portadown, 
Belfast, steamer to Glasgow, Ardrishaig, Crinan Canal, Oban, Portree, 
Strome Ferry, rail to Inverness, Dunkeld, Perth, Edinburgh, Melrose (for 
Abbotsford), Carlisle, Ingleton (for English Lakes), Leeds, Sheffield, Der- 
by, Leicester, Bedford, London, or vice versa. 

First class $54 50 

Second class 46 85 

Route 156. — Queenstown to London, via Cork, Macroom, car over the 
Kerry Mountains to Inchigeela, Glengariffe, Kenmare, Killarney, rail to 
Mallow, Kildare, Dublin, Balbriggan, Orogheda, Dundalk, Newry, Porta- 
down, Belfast, steamer to Glasgow, Ardrishaig, Crinan Canal, Oban, Por- 
tree, Strome Ferry, rail to Inverness, Dunkeld, Perth, Edinburgh, Melrose 
(for Abbotsford), Carlisle, Ingleton (for English Lakes), Leeds, Sheffield, 
Derby, Leicester, Bedford, London, or vice versa. 

First class $58 30 

Second class 47 ^0 

Route 157. — Queenstown to London, via Cork, Mallow, Killarney, Lim- 
erick, Ennis, Athenry, Galway, car through the Western Highlands of 
Connemara to Westport, rail to Castlebar, Roscommon, Athlone, Mullingar, 
Dublin, Balbriggan, Drogheda, Dundalk, Newry, Portadown, Belfast, 
steamer to Glasgow, Ardrishaig, Crinan Canal, Oban, Portree, Strome 
Ferry, rail to Inverness, Dunkeld, Perth, Edinburgh, Melrose (for Abbots- 
ford), Carlisle, Ingleton (for English Lakes), Leeds, Sheffield, Derby, 
Leicester, Bedford, London, or vice versa. 

First class $ 6 «* 70 

Second class 53 45 

Route 158.— Queenstown to London, rid Cork, Macroom, car over the 
Kerry Mountains to Inchigeela, Glengariffe, Kenmare, Killarney, rail to 
Limerick, Ennis, Athenry, Galway, car through the Western Highlands of 
Connemara to Westport, rail to Castlebar, Roscommon, Athlone, Mullingar, 
Dublin, Balbriggan, Drogheda, Dundalk, Newry, Portadown, Belfast, 
steamer to Glasgow, Ardrishaig, Crinan Canal, Oban, Portree, Strome 



i 



170 COOK'S TOURS. 

Ferry, rail to Inverness, Dunkeld, Perth, Edinburgh, Melrose (for Abbots- 
ford), Carlisle, Ingleton (for English Lakes), Leeds, Sheffield, Derby, Leices- 
ter, Bedford, London, or vice versa. 

First class $66 25 

Second class 56 40 

Route 159. — Queenstown to London, via Cork, Mallow, Killarney. Mal- 
low, Kildare, Dublin, Balbriggan, Drogheda, Dundalk, Enniskillen (Loch 
Erne), Omagh, Strabane, Londonderry, Coleraine, Portrush (Giant's Cause- 
way), Antrim, Belfast, steamer to Glasgow, Ardrishaig, Crinan Canal, Oban, 
Portree, Strome Ferry, rail to Inverness, Dunkeld, Perth, Edinburgh, Mel- 
rose (for Abbotsford), Carlisle, Ingleton (for English Lakes), Leeds, Shef- 
field, Derby, Leicester, Bedford, London, or vice versa. 

First class $58 30 

Second class 45 55 






THE WINDSOR. 

FIFTH AVENUE NEW YORK. 




Proprietors. 



a 



THE WDTOOE 



99 

'9 

FIFTH AVENUE, 

NEW TOMK, 

THE MOST ELEGANT, COSTLY AND PERFECT HOTEL IN THE WORLD, IS 
NOW OPEN FOR THE RECEPTION OF GUESTS. 



The cost of the WINDSOR before its doors were opened to the Public 
was over 

Two and a Half Millions of Dollars. 

"The Windsor" is situated in the very heart of the finest and most ex- 
clusive portion of New York City, on the highest ground, and in the most 
charming location, within the limits of the city, the view from it taking in 
all of Manhattan Island and every suburb of New York. 

It is quiet, retired and uninfluenced by the noise and traffic of the Me- 
tropolis, and yet in immediate and easy proximity with Central Park, The 
New-York Central Depot, and other routes of travel. 

The Windsor is under the supervision of Mr. Samuel Hawk, so well 
known as the chief of the St. Nicholas Hotel, and Mr. Gardner Wether- 
bee, of the Revere House, Boston, which is sufficient guarantee that no 
expense or pains will be spared to make '• The Windsor " not only the 
largest, finest, and costliest hotel building in the world, but one of the best 
conducted. 

Every thing which the largest experience and unlimited expense can pro- 
duce to add to the comfort of guests can be found embodied in The Windsor. 



HAWK & WETHERBEE, 

PROPRIETORS, 

Fifth Avenue, 46th and 47th Streets, 

nsns-w yobk. 





JOHN GIBSON'S SON & CO. 

Choice Copper Distilled Whiskeys, 
Old Cabinet, Rye, fflonongaMa 1840. 

These celebrated and most delicious old mellow spirits are the very 

CMMAM OF AMERICAN WHISKEYS. 

In quality unrivalled, perfectly pure, and more wholesome than the 
best French Brandies. 



The above well-known PURE -COPPER WHISKEYS were bottled ex- 
pressly for invalids and connoisseurs. To guarantee their genuineness, the 
cork and capsule bear the name of the distillers, and an engraving of their 
splendid mills on the Monongahela river. 

THESE WHISKEYS RECEIVED THE MEDAL FOR MERIT 

At the Vienna Exhibition of 1873. 

FOR SALE BY 

GEO. M. INMES, 

6-9 Strand, .... LONDON, 

AND AT 

Haxell's Koyal Exeter Hall Hotel, Strand, 

Trade supplied on application accompanied by BANKER'S reference at 
the Warehouses in 

BOSTON, NEW YORK, PHILADELPHIA. 

1S1 9 1^3 & Z2& Broad Street, 

BOSTON. 



PARKER * COBB, 




78 Devonshire Street, 

BOSTON, MASS. 



ESPECIAL ATTENTION GIVEN - TO THE 

Investment of Trust and Corporation Funds. 
Bonds of tlie Cities 



BOSTON, 

NEW YORK, 

ST. LOUIS, 

CHICAGO, 

CINCINNATI, &c. 

Constantly on hand for sale. Particulars of the financial condition of any 
municipality of the United States furnished on application, accompanied by 
proper references. 

CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. 



NEW-ENGLAND AGENTS 

FOR THE 



OF NEW YORK. 



fyh 



e IJWton fkiljj jLduerifaer, 



ESTABLISHED 1814. 

The Leading and Most Widely -Circidated Commercial and Family 
Newspaper of the Eastern States of America. 

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of exchanges and the best available sources. 



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BOSTON DAILY ADVERTISER, 

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29 Court Street, .... Boston, Mass., U.S.A. 




THE LEADING AMERICAN NEWSPAPER. 



oq 



3 



CO 
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The New- York Tribute Building, 
Now in course of erection, is the largest Newspaper Office in the "World. 
The New- York Tribune is regularly on file at its London Bureau for 
European Correspondence, 13 Pall Mall, and also at its London Business 
Office, 84 Fleet Street, E. C. At the latter place Subscriptions and Ad- 
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Passport Agent and Notary Public, 
firm: of 

Wir|. d. doelir^ & J. G[. S^eeiqkn, 
40 Kilby Street, 

BOSTON, MASS. 



Ahebicai House 

BOSTON, MASS. 

LEWIS EICE & SON, 



PROPRIETORS. 




THE LARGEST FIRST-GLASS HOTEL IN NEW ENGLAND 



CENTRALLY located, convenient to Railway Offices, Theatres, and the 
great business centre of Boston. The American House contains 

400 Apartments and 40 Suites of Rooms, 

With all Conveniences and Modern Improvements. 
BATH-ROOMS and WATER CONVENIENCES adjoin the apartments. 

Billiard Halls, Telegraph Office, and Cafe 

are connected with the Hotel, which is noted throughout the country for 
Cleanliness and Comfort. 

A PASSENGER ELEVATOR is at the service of guests from 6 30, A.M. 
till midnight, affording easy access to all the stories and rooms in the house. 
The apartments with conveniences above-named are particularly desirable 
for Families and Summer Tourists. 



BOARD AND LODGING $4.00 PER DAY. 



ac 



fc. 



HARVEY D. PARKER. 
JOHN F. MIEES. 



BOSTON, MASS. 



ON THE EUROPEAN PLAN. 



WILLIAM ROLLISSON & SONS, 

THE MUBS1BIES, 

TOOTING, LONDON. 

BULBS, SEEDS, TELEGRAPH CUCUMBER, FRUIT TREES, PALMS, 
ORNAMENTAL FOLIAGE PLANTS, HARDY HERBACEOUS, 
AND ALPINE PLANTS, ORCHIDS, STOVE PLANTS. 

Messrs. Roleisson & Sons respectfully call attention to their splendid 
Horticultural Collection, at the Nurseries, Tooting, near London. 

Messrs. Rollisson will furnish Catalogues and Estimates on application. 
Experienced Gardeners to wait on visitors. 

OMNIBUSES. — The Omnibuses from Gracechurch Street and Charing 
Cross, calling at the " Elephant and Castle," pass the Nurseries frequently 
during the day. 



Invaluable to lottos! 



A. ROBB & GO'S 

Nursery Biscuits, 

THE FINEST FOOD FOR INFANTS AND INVALIDS 
EVER PRODUCED. 

These Celebrated Biscuit are in use in the Royal Nurseries., and have 
been patronized by all classes for upwards of 

FIFTY YEAES. 

They are strongly recommended by many eminent English physicians as 

A LIGHT, AGREEABLE AND MOST 

Nutritious Food. 



NONE ARE GENUINE UNLESS STAMPED 



MANUFACTURED ONLY BY 

ALEXANDER ROBB & CO. 

Family and Export Biscuit Bakers, 

79 St. Martin's Lane, 

LONDON, ENGLAND. 



N.B. — A. R. & CO. will be happy to make arrangements for the sale 
of their Biscuit in the United States. 



W. * A. CILBEY, 

Wiqe JVfeM\kqt^. 

NO AMERICAN TOURIST SHOULD LEAVE LONDON WITHOUT FIRST PAYING 

A VISIT TO THE -WELL-KNOWN PANTHEON, IN OXFORD STREET, THE 

SPACIOUS RETAIL BUSINESS PREMISES OF THIS FIRM. 

Messrs. W. & A. Gilbey respectfully 
solicit the attention of American con- 
noisseurs and the trade of the United 
States generally to the great facilities 
they offer to buyers to select their Wines 
from a stock from which a twentieth 
part of the foreign wines consumed in 
the United Kingdom is supplied. The 
wines, spirits and liquors sold by their 
firm are guaranteed to be imported from 
the place of production as specified in 
their price-lists, and can be relied upon 
as being of uniform good quality and 
value at the prices charged. 

Messrs. Gilbey during the year 1872, 
paid duty to the British Government on 
the enormous quantity of 1,483,913 gal- 
lons of wines and spirits. 

[OVER.] 



IS DIRECTED TO THE FOLLOWING; 

Messrs. W. & A. Gilbey's Wines and 
Spirits may be found in every town 
and village of the United Kingdom. 
Agents have been appointed by them 
from whom single bottles or larger 
quantities of all descriptions of Wines, 
etc., bottled by W. & A. Gilbey and bear- 
ing their seals and labels can be obtained 
at the same prices as at their head estab- 
lishments, thus saving visitors the ex- 
pense of carriage and the trouble attend- 
ant upon the return of empties, etc. 

Send to Head Office for List of Agents, and in- 
quire in country towns for Gilbey's Wines. 

HEAD OFFICES: 

LONDON, , , . , Pantheon, Oxford Street, London W. 

DUBLIN, . , . . 46 & 47 Upper Sackville Street, Dublin, 

EDINBURGH, , . Haymarket, West End, Edinburgh. 

GLASGOW ... 84 Union Street, Glasgow. 

N.B. — For Gentlemen, Wine Merchants and 
others returning to the United States, Wines and 
Spirits of all qualities are kept in W. & A. Gilbey's 
Excise Bonded Stores ready for shipment free of 
duty. These stores are among the largest in Eng- 
land. 



BRITISH AND NORTH AMERICAN 






&&. 



r %, 



CUNABD LIME 

FOUR SAILINGS EVERY WEEK 



DIRECT BETWEEN 



LIVERPOOL, BOSTON AND NEW YORK, 

CALLING AT CORK HARBOR. 



ABYSSINIA, 


BOTHNIA, 


JAVA, 


OLYMPUS, 


SCYTHIA, 


ALEPPO, 


CALABRIA, 


KEDAR, 


PALMYRA, 


SIBERIA, 


ALGERIA, 


CHINA, 


MALTA, 


PARTHIA, 


SCOTIA, 


ATLAS, 


CUBA, 


MARATHON, 


RUSSIA, 


SIDON, 


BATAVIA, 


DEMERARA, 


MOROCCO, 


SAMARIA, 


TARIFA, 




HECLA, 




SARAGOSSA, 


TRINIDAD. 



:r,.a_t:es oif 
From Liverpool to New York or 
Boston, 

By Steamers not carrying Steerage. 

First Class £26 

Second Class £18 

By Steamers carrying Steerage. 

First Class, 15, 17 and 21 Guineas, 

According to accommodation. 

Steerage $32, currency. 



PASSAGE. 

From New York or Boston to 

Liverpool. 

First Class, $80, $100 and $130, 

gold, 

According to accommodation. 

Return Tickets issued at a reduction 
of 10 per cent. 

Steerage, $30, currency. 

Children in Cabin, between two and twelve years of age, half fare. 

TICKETS TO PARIS, $15, GOLD, ADDITIONAL. 

Drafts on Great Britain and Ireland issued for £1 and upwards. 

FOREIGN AGENCIES. 

D. & C. MAC IVER 8 Water Street, Liverpool. 

D & C. M\C IVER Fitzpatrick's Quay, Queenstown. 

WILLIAM CUNARD, GSt. Helen's Place, Bishopsgate St. & 28 Pall Mall, London 

G & J. BURNS 30 Jamaica Street, Glasgow. 

G & J BURNS Baltic Street, Dundee. 

BURNS & MA C IVER 12 Place de la Bourse, Paris. 

BURNS & MAC IVER 22 Quai d'Orleans, Havre. 

J . HARTMANN & CO Antwerp. 

AMERICAN AGENCIES. 

WILLIAM CUN ARD t Halifax, Nova Scotia. 

F< >RBES & LOWNSBROUGH Toronto, Canada. 

CHARLES G. FRANCKLYN....4 Bowling Greenland 111 Broadway, New York. 

J \AIES HOGAN '139 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. 

P. H. I)U VERNET Cor. Clark and Randolph Streets, Chicago, 111. 

CRUMB & B ASLINGTON Cleveland, Ohio. 

J C WAGNER 178 and 180 Superior Street, Cleveland, Ohio. 

SAVINGS BANK Cor. Robert and Third Streets, St. Paul, Minn. 

E. E. MORGAN & SONS 320 California Street, San Francisco,' 

JAMES ALEXANDER, 99 State Street, Boston. 



SIALPA&E & SOI 







41 and 43 

Maddox Street, Bond Street, 

LONDON, TV. 

ALSO 

AGENTS IN WEST END 

FOR 

Cunard and White Star Steamers. 



PASSAGES SECURED, 

LUGGA6E WAREHOUSED, 

Inward Letters Received and Forwarded, 

AND GENERAL INFORMATION GIVEN. 



Paine's Mew Pattern 




Tl/TANUFACTURED expressly for the Voyage 
across the Ocean. Knowing that you value 
comfort as well as pleasure, permit me to recom- 
mend from experience my New Pattern Sea 
Chair, with Foot Rest. You will find it the most 
highly prized place on the boat. 



Paine's Furniture Manufactory, 

141 Friend and 48 Canal Street, 

Boston, Mass. 



The largest stock of Fashionable Furniture to be found 
in New England may be seen at this establishment. 



JOHNSON & SADLER, 



TA 










AND 



HABIT MAKERS, 
6 a Vigo Street, Regent Street, 



LONDON, 



AND AT 



22 MARKET PLACE 



CAMBRIDGE. 



IMPORTANT TO AMERICANS RETURNING HOME. 

NEW REGULATION OF TREASURY DEPARTMENT. — PASSEN- 
GERS REQUIRED TO DECLARE CONTENTS OF THEIR TRUNKS. 

Every passenger arriving at any port of the United States 
from a foreign port is required to make a brief but com- 
prehensive and truthful statement of the number of his or 
her trunks, bags, and other pieces of baggage, of the con- 
tents of each, and of the articles upon his or her person. 
For convenience and uniformity, such statement must be 
made on blank forms, designated "Passengers' Baggage 
Declaration," which may be had from the captain. 

To avoid detention in landing, such statement should be 
carefully prepared before arrival, so as to be promptly deliv- 
ered to the revenue-officer upon demand. The following in- 
formation will aid in the preparation of the declaration : — 

The numbers of the several pieces of baggage will be 
given in the proper place, and their contents entered under 
two heads : — 

1. Baggages not dutiable, which comprise the following 
classes : — ( 

A. "Wearing apparel in actual use;" that is, clothing 
made up for the passenger's own wear, in reasonable quanti- 
ties, may be declared as " wearing apparel." 

B. " Other personal effects " (not merchandise), which are 
such as are usually carried with or about the person of a 
traveller, — as trunks, articles of the toilet, stationery, a 
few books, one watch, jewelry, &c, in actual use, and in 
reasonable amount, — may be declared "personal effects." 

C. " Professional books," " tools of trade," and " house- 
hold effects," all of which have been used by the passenger 
abroad (the last named at least one year), may be declared 
as such. 

2. Dutiable merchandise. Under this head must be en- 
tered all articles not included in " baggage not dutiable," as 



above set forth. Among these may be specially mentioned 
new wearing apparel in excess of that in general use, exces- 
sive amounts of jewelry, extra watches, articles of vertu, 
all presents, piece goods, and all articles purchased for other 
persons; in short, all articles not essential to the personal 
comfort and convenience of the traveller. 

Great care should be taken to make a full and accurate 
return, and to examine the certificate which the passenger is 
required to sign. 

The columns headed " Appraisement " are not to be filled 
by the passenger, but left blank. 

Upon arrival, the declaration will be delivered to the rev- 
enue-officer. The baggage will be examined on board the 
vessel or wharf, and duties assessed, which are payable in 
gold coin. 

Any piece of baggage containing over five hundred dollars' 
worth of dutiable merchandise will not be delivered on board, 
but sent to the public store for examination and appraise- 
ment. 

Packages containing merchandise exclusively will not be 
considered as baggage, but must be regularly entered at the 
custom-house. 

All baggage is subject to actual and thorough examina- 
tion ; and the persons of all passengers are liablfe to search. 

Any fraud on the part of passengers, any concealment of the 
fact, or secreting of articles in the trunks, 8fc, or on the person, 
or attempt to bribe a revenue-officer, will render the baggage lia- 
ble to detention or confiscation, and subject the owner to other 
legal penalties. 

Any complaints against revenue-officers in the discharge 
of their duties must be made to the collector of the port, 
who will promptly investigate all charges made. 

By order of the Secretary of the Treasury of the United 
States. 



CALENDAR FOR 1874. 



JANUARY. 


MAY. 


SEPTEMBER. 


s 


M 


T 


w 


T 
1 


F 
2 


S 
3 


_ 


M 


T 


w 


T 


F 
1 


S 
2 


is 


M 


T 
1 


W 
2 


T 
3 


F 
4 


S 
5 


4 


5 


6 


7 


8 


9 


10 


3 


4 


5 





7 


8 


9 





7 


8 





10 


11 


12 


11 


12 


13 


14 


15 


10 


17 


10 


11 


12 


13 


14 


15 


10 


13 


14 


15 


10 


17 


is 


10 


18 


19 


20 


21 


•)■) 


23 


24 


17 


18 


10 


20 


21 


22 


23 


20 


21 


22 


23 


24 


25 


20 


25 


26 


27 


28 


20 


30 


31 


24 
31 


25 


26 


27 


28 


20 


30 


27 


28 


20 


30 








FEBRUARY. 


JUNE. 


OCTOBER. 


1 


o 


3 


4 


5 


6 


7 




1 


2 


3 


4 


5 













1 


2 


3 


8 


9 


10 


11 


12 


13 


14 


7 


8 





10 


11 


12 


13 


4 


5 





7 


8 





10 


15 


16 


17 


is 


10 


20 


21 


14 


15 


10 


17 


is 


10 


20 


11 


12 


13 


14 


15 


10 


17 


22 


2:5 


24 


25 


20 


27 


28 1 21 


22 


23 


24 


25 


20 


27 


18 


10 


20 


21 


22 


23 


24 
















28 


20 


30 










25 


20 


27 


28 


20 


30 


31 




JULY. 




NOVEMBER. 


1 





3 


4 


5 


o 


7 








1 


2 


3 


4 


1 


2 


3 


4 


5 





7 


8 


9 


10 


11 


12 


13 


14 


5 


(i 


7 


8 





10 


11 


8 





10 


11 


12 


13 


14 


15 


1(3 


17 


18 


10 


20 


21 


12 


13 


14 


1516 


17 


18 


15 


10 


17 


is 


10 


20 


21 


22 


23 


24 


25 


20 


27 


28 |ll 


20 


21 


22 23 


24 


25 


22 


23 


24 


25 


20 


27 


28 


20 


30 


31 










20 


27 


28 


29,30 


31 




20 


30 








'■' 




APRIL. 


AUGUST. 


DECEMBER. 








1 


2 


3 


4 














1 






1 


o 


3 


4 


5 


5 


6 


7 


8 


9 


10 


11 


2 


3 


4 


5 


6 


7 


8 





7 


8 





10 


11 


12 


12 


13 


14 


15 


10 


17 


18 





10 


11 


12 


13 


14 


15 


13 


14 


15 


10 


17 


18 


10 


1!) 


20 


21 


22 


23 


24 


25 


10 


17 


18 


10 


20 


21 


22 


20 


21 


22 


2:5 


24 


25 


20 


26 


27 


28 


20 


30 






23 
30 


24 

31 


25 


20 


27 


:* 


20 


27 


28 


20 


30 


31 







Date, 



MINOR EXPENSES. 



£. 



MEMOKANDA. 



MEMORANDA. 



MEMOBANDA. 



ME MO KAN DA. 



MEMORANDA. 



MEMORANDA. 



MEMORANDA. 






MEMORANDA. 



MEMO BAND A. 



MEMORANDA, 



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